physio ex exercise 5
the aortic semilunar valve and the pulmonary semilunar valve
Afterload is the pressure threshold that must be exceeded to open _______.
occurs during exercise
An increase in venous return _______.
increase EDV and therefore, increase stroke volume
An increase in venous return will _______.
increased EDV
An increased preload is equivalent to, or causes, a(n) _______.
increased resistance to blood flow, thickening of the myocardium and narrowing of the aortic semilunar valve
Aortic valve stenosis is characterized by _______.
have more elastic tissue and must be able to withstand pressure changes
Arteries that are closer to the heart _______.
directly proportional to the pressure gradient
Blood flow is _______.
dilated, constricted
During exercise, we might expect blood vessels in the skeletal muscle to be somewhat _______________ and the blood vessels in the digestive organs to be somewhat ____________.
increased thickness in the myocardium and a decrease in chamber volume
Patients with aortic valve stenosis experience _______.
It was linear, and the flow rate increased with increased pressure.
Describe the plot of pressure versus flow rate.
vasoconstriction
How does the body decrease the blood vessel radius?
decreasing afterload
In the activity, decreasing pressure in the right beaker is analogous to _______.
the force of contraction of the heart and peripheral resistance in the blood vessels
In the cardiovascular system, the pressure gradient is provided by _______.
left ventricle
In this activity, the pump simulates the _______.
aorta
In this activity, the right flow tube simulates the _______.
increasing the force of contraction of the heart
In this activity, we changed the pressure delivered by the left beaker. This is analogous to _______.
pressure
In this activity, which variable will be changed?
blood vessel radius will be kept constant and blood vessel length will be varied
In this experiment, _______.
increased contractility of the heart, increased EDV and increased preload
Increase in stroke volume is a result of _______.
has the same effect as decreasing blood vessel radius and increases resistance to flow
Increasing blood vessel length _______.
increasing preload
Increasing the left flow tube radius corresponds to _______.
vasodilation
Laminar flow of the blood is achieved through _______.
decreasing preload
The compensating mechanisms tested in this activity include all of the following EXCEPT _______.
stayed constant, because pump rate decreased as the stroke volume increased
The flow rate in this activity _______.
directly proportional to the pressure gradient
The flow rate of a liquid is _______.
laminar flow
The free-flowing blood located in the middle of a blood vessel is called _______.
less than optimum for maximum tension production
The overlap length of cardiac muscle in the healthy heart is _______.
surface area increases
When blood vessel length increases, _______.
the flow rate increased
When the left flow tube radius was increased, _______.
fluid flow rate decreases
When the radius of the flow tube is decreased, the _______.
10 mm
Which flow tube length had the greatest flow rate?
to accommodate weight gain and height changes
Which of the following describes why the body might need to increase vessel length?
blood vessel radius
Which of the following has the greatest effect on blood flow?
blood vessel diameter
Which of the following has the greatest effect on peripheral resistance?
left beaker - blood flowing from the heart flow tube between the beakers - an artery correct: All of the above are matched correctly.
Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched with the corresponding equipment used in this experiment?
It increases as we approach puberty.
Which of the following is true of blood vessel length?
increase in pressure and increase in radius diameter
Which of the following result(s) in an increase in fluid flow rate?
stroke volume
Which variable was altered in this activity?