PLANTS, TREES, TIMBER AND FORESTRY - GRADE 7
Give the 3 steps involved in making paper.
1. Bark is removed from log. Log fed into grinding machine to make pulp. 2. Pulp is mixed with water, chemicals and glue. 3. Mixture is pressed, rolled and dried to form paper.
What on a tree can show the age of a tree?
Annual rings
What is the name given to plants which live for a short time and die after producing seeds and give 2 examples?
Annuals Maize and groundnuts
What mode of plant reproduction uses cuttings and give 2 examples?
Asexual reproduction Cassava and sugarcane
Where are Eucalyptus trees from?
Australia
Name 3 trees grown from shoots.
Bananas Palm Bamboo
Name 7 trees indigenous to Zimbabwe used for non-valuable timber
Baobab Musasa Lucky Bean Umbrella thorn Mahobohobo Marula Mopane
Name 2 uses for wattle timber?
Bark is used to produce tannin for the lather industry Fencing poles
What is the name given to plants which need 2 growing seasons to complete their life cycle and give 2 examples?
Biennials Bulb onions and cabbages
What is the name given to the disease that kills off large areas of leaves, attacks mostly tomatoes and potatoes and can kill off plants completely?
Blight
What is the area of the tree which contains leaves called?
Canopy
What is the green colouring in leaves called?
Chlorophyll
Give 4 uses for plants in industry.
Construction Furniture manufacturing Wood carving Paper making
What substance is applied to poles to stop termites and ants from eating them?
Creosote
What is the name given to the disease in which red/brown and orange dots appear on leaves and stems?
Cust
What is the method of growing trees when a piece of young stem or branch is taken from the upper part of the plant, leaves are removed from the lower third and it is placed in well-drained soil?
Cutting
What name is given to trees that lose all their leaves seasonally at the same time, once every year and give 3 examples?
Deciduous Musasa, peach, flamboyant
What is the difference between hard and soft wood trees?
Different types of fibre that make up the system for sucking up and transporting water up the trunk of the tree. Hard wood trees grow slowly.
Where are most of Zimbabwe's exotic trees found?
Eastern Highlands Mtao forests near Mvuma
What name is given to trees that have leaves all year all round and give 2 examples?
Evergreen Cyprus, pine
What is the name given to trees that are originally from other countries?
Exotic
Which grow faster - indigenous or exotic trees?
Exotic
Give 2 uses for plants at home.
Firewood (cooking , warmth) Food (fruit, vegetables)
When is tree-planting day in Zimbabwe?
First Saturday of December
Name 3 functions of fruits
Form seeds Protect developing seed Store seed for propagation
Name 4 functions of flowers
Form the fruits Collect pollen for cross-pollination Attract bees to collect pollen Beauty
How do bananas reproduce?
From shots off their root systems
Are all indigenous trees in Zimbabwe hard wood or soft wood?
Hard wood
Do slow growing trees produce soft or hard wood?
Hard wood
What is the name given to all flower-bearing trees and give 4 examples?
Hardwood Eucalyptus, wattle, musasa, muhacha, muzhanje
What is the name given to trees that originate in this country and reproduce naturally?
Indigenous
What is the name given to protected forests where indigenous trees are plentiful and contain many special trees that produce rare and valuable wood?
Indigenous forest
In which 3 ways can trees be classified?
Indigenous or exotic Deciduous or evergreen Hardwood or soft wood
Name 4 exotic trees planted in Zimbabwe to beautify the towns
Jacaranda Flamboyant Spathodia Cassia Candlelabra
Plant food is made in the
Leaves
Name 4 functions of leaves.
Manufacture plant food. Contains chlorophyll. Releases oxygen into the atmosphere. Releases water into the atmosphere through transpiration.
Where are indigenous forests found in Zimbabwe ?
Matebeleland Mount Selinda/Chirinda
Where are most of Zimbabwe's Indigenous trees found?
Matebeleland North Mount Chirinda/Selinda
What is the name given to the disease in which a powdery mildew white layer which covers stems and leaves?
Mildew
Where is the 'Big Tree' located in Zimbabwe?
Mount Selinda/Chirinda
Which indigenous trees produce pods?
Mufuti Musasa
Do pine trees have flowers?
No they produce male and female cones instead.
Name 5 ways in which we classify plants.
On where they grow How we use them (food v non-food) Whether they are crops or weeds Mode of reproduction( sexual or asexual ) Life cycle (annuals, biennials, perennials
When can timber from indigenous trees be used?
Only if new seedlings are planted to replace them.
Are annual rings formed on the inside or outside of the circle of the trunk?
Outer side
Name 4 exotic trees planted in Zimbabwe as fruit trees
Peaches Plums Apples Citrus
What is the name given to plants which continue to grow year after year and give 2 examples?
Perennials Citrus trees and sugar canes
What is the process that plants use to make food?
Photosynthesis
Name 4 exotic trees planted in Zimbabwe for timber
Pine Eucalyptus (gum) Wattle Mahogany
What name is given to the thin, long, pointed and spike like leaves of pine trees?
Pine needles.
What is the main pine tree variety grown in Zimbabwe and where was it originally imported from?
Pinus patula Mexico
Name 5 uses of timber
Poles for fencing Transmission poles Building timber Manufacturing furniture Firewood and pulp
What is the transfer of pollen to male and female parts of a plant called?
Pollination
Give 2 reasons why plantation trees are trimmed?
Prevents side branches from growing too long and taking all the nutrients. Makes the tree straight for cutting planks
What is the transfer of seed from plants to the ground for germination called ?
Propagation
What is the name given to the trimming of side branches?
Pruning
What is the name given to the disease in which there is a small orange to red mite with 4 pairs of legs?
Red spider mite
Name 4 ways of growing trees.
Seeds Shoots Cuttings Truncheon
What mode of plant reproduction uses seeds and give 2 examples?
Sexual reproduction Maize and tomatoes
What is the name given to all non-flowering trees that bears cones and needle-like or scale-like leaves that are typically evergreen and give 3 examples?
Softwood Pine tree Spruces Fir trees
Name 3 consequences of deforestation.
Soil erosion Climate change Desertification
What is the name given to the disease caused by attacks of bacteria and fungi which cause spots on the leaves and stems of the plants?
Spot disease
What is the name given to a plant with thick, fleshy and juicy stems and leaves ?
Succulent
Name 3 functions of roots.
Support Root hairs collect water and nutrients from soil. Long roots collect underground water.
Name 3 functions of stem.
Support branches and leaves. Transport water and nutrients up the plant. Transport manufactured food down to the roots underground.
Name 4 functions of branches.
Support leaves and fruits. Expose leaves to sunlight. Transport water and nutrients to the leaves. Transport manufactured food down to the stem.
Name 3 trees indigenous to Zimbabwe used for valuable timber.
Teak Mukwa Mahogany
Why does the Eastern Highlands have many forests?
The conditions are cool and wet.
During pruning, which side branches are left to grow?
The ones at the younger, top part of the tree.
What happens to side branches that are trimmed from plantation trees?
They are used to make wood pulp
Why are trees called a renewable resource?
They can be replaced.
Give 4 reasons why trees are important to Zimbabwe?
They give us oxygen, furniture, poles, firewood
How do you identify soft wood trees?
They have naked seeds, seeds fall to the ground, seeds spread to the ground easily , have cones.
Why are tomatoes staked?
Tomatoes have weak stems so staking is used to support the plants and stops tomatoes touching the ground.
What does tanning mean?
Treat to make soft
What is the method of growing trees when a large cutting as thick as a persons arm is planted and give 3 examples of trees that can be grown this way.
Truncheon MulberryErythina Grape vines
What do trees lose during transpiration?
Water
What four 'ingredients' do plants need to make food?
Water Nutrients from the soil Air Sunlight
Describe photosynthesis
Water and nutrients from the soil are taken up through the roots. Carbon dioxide is breathed in through the leaves. Sunlight is trapped by chlorophyll in the leaves. The plant makes food and oxygen is breathed out into the air.
Where are the seeds of all indigenous trees in Zimbabwe produced>
Within their fruits
Counting down trees is called
deforestation
What does edible mean?
safe to be eaten