Poetry

Verbal Irony

A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant

Tragic Irony

A special kind of dramatic irony that "precedes the downfall of a hero in a tragedy"

An indirect or passing reference to some event, person, place, or artistic work, the nature and relevance of which is not explained by the author but relies on the reader's familiarity with what is thus mentioned. A story or visual image to which a poet assigns a specific second meaning that its literal or visible meaning represents "A kind of story—either from ancient or modern sources—whose actions implicitly symbolize some profound truth about human or natural existence" A visible object or action that suggests multiple layers of meaning in addition to its literal or visible meaning

Allusion Allegory Myth Symbol Archetype

Poetry that follows some form of pattern Poetry that does not follow a traditional pattern, having neither a rime scheme nor a basic meter. Unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter A pair of rhyming verse lines A stanza consisting of four lines The usual form of the folk ballad: a quatrain in which the first and third lines have four stresses, while the second and fourth have three stresses. The meter is basically iambic and the rhyme scheme is usually abcb.

Closed Form Open Form Couplet Quatrain Ballad Stanza

"A poem written as a speech made by a character (other than the author) at some decisive moment"

Dramatic Monologue

A poem that "presents the voice of an imaginary character speaking directly, without any additional narration by the author"

Dramatic Poem

- "A short poem expressing the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker"

Lyric

A poem whose main purpose is to tell a story

Narrative Poem

To "put into our own words what we understand the poem to say, restating ideas that seem essential, coming out and stating what the poem may only suggest"

Paraphrase

A lyric poem consisting of 14 rhyming lines of iambic pentameter. A sonnet consisting of an octave (8 lines) and a sestet (6 lines), following the rhyme scheme, abbaabbacdecde or cdcdcd (or some similar variation in the sestet) The pattern of end rimes in a poem, where each new sound is assigned a letter of the alphabet A line made up of five units of rhythm called feet A sonnet consisting of three quatrains and a rhyming couplet, following the rhyme scheme, ababcdcdefefgg

Sonnet Italian Sonnet Rime Scheme Pentameter English Sonnet

The relative emphasis given in pronunciation in a syllable, in loudness, pitch, or duration (or some combination of these) A metrical unit (or foot) of verse, having one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable, the most common kind of metrical verse in English A pause somewhere in the middle of a line of verse, often coinciding with a break between clauses or sentences The pattern of measured sound-units recurring more or less regularly in lines of verse The running over of the sense and grammatical structure from one line to the next without a punctuated pause A line that ends with a pause resulting from the completion of a sentence or end of a unit of meaning and usually punctuated; the opposite of an enjambed line

Stress Iambic Meter Caesura Meter Enjambment (Run on) End-Stopped

A visible object or action that suggests multiple layers of meaning in addition to its literal or visible meaning

Symbol

Sarcasm

Verbal irony that is "conspicuously bitter, heavy-handed, and mocking"

Occurs when the speaker/persona in a poem says one thing, but the poet is in fact saying something else

ironic point of view