Pre-AP World History Second Semester Study Guide 2022
Approximately, what percent of the American workforce was unemployed by 1933?
25%
Who was the leader of the Third Reich?
Adolf Hitler
When did the term "ghetto" gain recognition?
After WWII
How did the 1935 Nuremberg Laws impact the status of German Jews?
After the Nuremberg laws, they were no longer citizens.
What was America's attitude, before the attack of Pearl Harbor, toward getting involved in WWII?
America didn't want to be involved in foreign affairs
Which nations' pre-war governments were allowed to return to power after WWII?
Any country that was not an enemy of the United States, no fascist countries. Any country that wasn't an axis power.
What term was used to identify the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan?
Axis
What battle turned the tide of the war in North Africa?
Battle of El Alamein
Which battle ended Japanese naval superiority in the Pacific?
Battle of Midway
Il Duce was the title of which of the following leaders?
Benito Mussolini
Which general led the victorious troops in the Battle of El Alamein?
Bernard Montgomery
How did the Nazis trick the Jews into entering the gas chambers?
By disguising the gas chambers as showers, they would give them bars of soap and washcloths.
Name three groups established by Roosevelt under his New Deal legislation.
CCC, WPA, TVA
What societal fear added to the appeal of Fascism in Italy and Germany?
Communist revolution
Name three art movements from the early 20th century?
Cubism, surrealism, dadaism
What does the "D" in D-Day mean?
Day day
Which political movement was established by Benito Mussolini?
Fascism
New Deal legislation was introduced by which U.S. President?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
How were most Jews murdered in the Nazi death camps?
Gas chambers
What prompted Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany?
Germany invaded Poland
Why did millions of Germans turn against the leaders of the Weimar Republic?
Germany signed the Treaty of Versailles, they felt betrayed.
Name three Axis powers that invaded other countries in the 1930s.
Germany, Italy, Japan
Name three countries that belonged to the Axis Powers.
Germany, Italy, Japan
How did Stalin maintain his power in the Soviet Union?
Got rid of anyone that stood in his way, he killed them.
How did Adolf Hitler and the Nazi's gain control of the German government in 1933?
He blamed the burning of the Reichstag building and gained total power after that.
Why did the majority of Italians support Benito Mussolini in the 1920's?
He brought order to the country and disliked communism
Where were atomic bombs dropped during World War II?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
What was the Battle of the Bulge?
Hitler's final military offense
What event led to the start of World War II?
Hitler's invasion of Poland
Whose political views were expressed in the book "Mein Kampf"?
Hitler's political views
What was "lebensraum"?
Hitlers excuse to move into Rhineland, Austria, and Sudetenland. It was his excuse to invade his neighbors.
How did the Lend-Lease Act benefit the United States?
It benefited the United States because they made more money and did their part in helping out during the war. It provided and income for the united states during the depression and it got America involved in WWII
What was significant about the Battle of Midway?
It was a turning point because the Japanese lost control of the Pacific.
What effect did the nonaggression pact between the Nazis and the Soviets have on the balance of power in Europe?
It was an agreement between Russia and Germany that they would not attack each other. The balance of power shifted in Europe in favor of Hitler.
Who was the last Axis power to surrender during WWII?
Japan
Why is December 7th, 1941 a significant date?
Japanese planes attacked Pearl Harbor, killing more than 2300 Americans
Name three groups of people selected by the Nazis for extermination.
Jews, disabled people, homosexuals
Which event led to the destruction of thousands of Jewish businesses and synagogues?
Kristallnacht
Who was the former Red Army general that was assassinated in Mexico City?
Leon Trotsky
How did the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki get their names?
Little boy was a smaller sized bomb as where fat man was a bigger and plumper one.
What does "lebensraum" mean?
Living space/room
Name three reasons why the Nazis were unable to defeat the Soviet Union.
Long supply lines, harsh Russian winters, scorched-earth policy
What was the main target of the kamikazes?
Military ships
What does Mein Kampf mean?
My struggle
On what city was the second atomic bomb ever used in warfare dropped?
Nagasaki, Japan
What did Fascism promote and encourage?
Nationalism
What were John Steinbeck, James Joyce, and F. Scott Fitzgerald all known for being?
Novelists
The German "blitzkrieg" was a military strategy that depended on what advantage?
Overwhelming the enemies defenses
What was the leading cause of the Stock Market Crash of 1929?
People buying stocks on margin (putting down 10% and still owing 90%).
What was the major cause of the collapse of the stock market?
People buying stocks on margin (putting down 10% and still owing 90%).
Name three types of concentration camps run by the Nazis?
Prison camps, labor camps, and death camps.
Name three European regions that were acquired by Hitler before the start of WWII?
Rhineland, Austria, and Sudetenland
Why did American insurance companies change their policy about life insurance settlements after the Great Depression?
Since people were committing suicide to make money for their families.
Which nation paid the greatest price in terms of the number of lives lost during WWII?
Soviet Union
What does the term Kamikaze describe?
Suicide pilots
What crucial lesson was learned in the Battle of Britain?
That Germany could be defeated
What does the use of kamikaze pilots show about Japanese culture?
That the state was more important than the individual
What was the U.S. response to Japanese aggression in Southeast Asia in mid-1941?
The Americans stopped trading with the Japanese which angered the Japanese which made us their enemies (steel and oil).
Who advocated the policy of "appeasing" Hitler before the start of WWII?
The British Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain
How were the Holocaust and Hitler's "Final Solution" related?
The Final Solution of the Jewish problem was the Holocaust
What was the Final Solution?
The German decision to exterminate the Jews
What did the U.S. Lend-Lease Act do?
The Lend-Lease Act allowed America to provide military supplies to any allied country that fought against the enemy.
Which political party in Germany adopted fascism?
The Nazis
What happened at Nuremberg after the end of WWII?
The Nazis were put on on trial for warcrimes
Under Soviet collectivization, all farmland was owned by whom?
The Soviet Government
Why is June 6th, 1944 a significant date?
The allied invasion of Europe.
What was D-Day?
The allied invasion of France
What does D-Day refer to?
The allied invasion of Normandy, France
What event occurred on the day described as "a date which will live in infamy"?
The attack on Pearl Harbor
Which of the following battles marked the final German offensive of World War II?
The battle of the bulge
Why did President Truman agree to use the atomic bomb?
The government falsely accused them of spying for Japan
Why were thousands of U.S. citizens put in internment camps during the war?
The government falsely accused them of spying for Japan
Why is September 1, 1939 a significant date?
The official beginning of WWII
What was the "phony war"?
The period of peace after the invasion of Poland
What was the policy of appeasement?
The policy of appeasement was a way to prevent war between Germany and Great Britain. They gave Hitler what he wanted to prevent war from starting
Who did Francisco Franco fight for?
The rebel army
What impact did the radio have on society after the end of World War I?
The spread of propaganda and the unification of the country.
What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
The stock market crash of 1929
What was the goal of the U.S. isolationist policy after World War I?
Their goal was to take care of business at home and to not get involved in other people's problems.
How did the kulaks (Soviet Peasants) respond to the Soviet collectivization movement?
They destroyed their crops and livestock so they government couldn't use it
Name three things that happened to Japanese-Americans during WWII.
They experienced discrimination, they lost their homes and businesses, they were imprisoned/interned against their will.
Why did many Germans feel betrayed by the Weimar Republic?
They felt betrayed because they signed the Treaty of Versailles.
Name three advantages that the British had in the Battle of Britain.
They had radar, they had motivation (do or die situation), they had an enigma machine from a captured German submarine
Name three things that the Jews were denied by the 1935 Nuremberg laws.
They lost their citizenship, they could not marry outside their faith or culture, they could not hold positions of influence
What did some Nazis do with the remains of Holocaust victims?
They used them as forms of art, they made creepy art out of it
Why did the Nazi's put "Arbeit Macht Frei" above the gates of some of the Jewish concentration camps?
To get the Jews to work harder, to trick them into thinking they would be sent home (manipulation).
What did the Nazis do with the human hair of their victims?
To help out with U-boats, they stuffed mattresses and pillows with it
What was the goal of Stalin's Five Year Plans?
To industrialize Russia
What did Stalin repeatedly urge Churchill and Roosevelt to do in order to relieve German pressure on Soviet armies?
To join the war and to invade Europe
What technique did Stalin use to strengthen his control over the Soviet Union?
To kill everybody who stood in his way.
What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Trials?
To put the Nazis on trial for the crimes they committed
What did the Allies' strategy of "island hopping" in the Pacific involve?
To skip over islands in order to isolate the enemy
Why did Japan invade Manchuria?
To take natural resources to build up their supplies. They needed their natural resources to feed their warfare supplies.
Why did Hitler target the Jewish population as scapegoats for all of Germany's troubles?
To unite Germany around a common enemy
Why did the Nazis remove the teeth of some Holocaust victims?
To use the gold or silver from the teeth to pay for the war
Name three ways the Great Depression impacted the U.S.
Unemployment went up, businesses failed, and banks closed
What kind of experiments did the Nazis perform on Jews?
Useless ones
What nickname refers to the end of the war in Europe?
VE Day
What nickname refers to the end of the war in the Pacific?
VJ Day
What does "arbeit macht frei" mean?
Work sets you free
