PrepU: Chapter 11: Maternal Adaptation During Pregnancy
The nurse instructs a pregnant patient on the need to increase foods containing folic acid. Which patient statement indicates that teaching has been effective?
"I will add spinach to my salad every evening."
The nurse is teaching the pregnant woman about nutrition for herself and her baby. Which statement by the woman indicates that the teaching was effective?
"I will need to take iron supplementation throughout my pregnancy even if I am not anemic."
The nurse is teaching a prenatal class about preparing for their expanding families. What is helpful advice from the nurse?
"The hormones of pregnancy may cause anxiety or depression postpartum."
A pregnant client reports an increase in a thick, whitish vaginal discharge. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
"This discharge is normal during pregnancy."
During pregnancy a woman has many psychological adaptations that must be made. The nurse must remember that the baby's father is also experiencing the pregnancy and has adaptations that must be made. Some fathers actually have symptoms of the pregnancy along with the mothers. What is this called?
Couvade syndrome
A nurse assessing the laboratory results of a pregnant client in her second trimester notes that she has a hemoglobin level of 11 gm/dL. What will the nurse interpret this finding to most likely indicate?
hemodilution of pregnancy
A pregnant client who is beginning her third trimester asks the nurse why she feels like she is sometimes having labor contractions. The nurse would explain that:
she is having "practice" contractions called Braxton Hicks contractions and they are normal.
The nurse is assessing a pregnant client at her 12 weeks' gestation and the client reports some new bumps on the dark part of her nipples. What is the best response from the nurse when questioned by the client as to what they are?
Montgomery tubercles; secrete lubricant for the nipples
The nurse is assessing a client who believes she is pregnant. The nurse points out a more definitive assessment is necessary due to which sign being considered a probable sign of pregnancy?
Positive home pregnancy test
During a routine antepartal visit, a pregnant woman reports a white, thick vaginal discharge. What would the nurse do next?
Ask the women if she is having any irritation or itching
A pregnant client in her third trimester, lying supine on the examination table, suddently grows very short of breath and dizzy. Concerned, she asks the nurse what is happening. Which response should the nurse prioritize?
Blood is trapped in the vena cava in a supine position.
Which change related to the vital signs is expected in pregnant women?
Blood pressure decreases.
A nurse is explaining how hormones affect the pregnancy. Which hormone would the nurse describe as being responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor and birth?
oxytocin
A client at 39 weeks' gestation calls the OB triage and questions the nurse concerning a bloody mucous discharge noted in the toilet after an OB office visit several hours earlier. What is the best response from the triage nurse?
"A one time discharge of bloody mucus in the toilet might have been your mucous plug."
A woman's prepregnant weight is within the normal range. During her second trimester, the nurse would determine that the woman is gaining the appropriate amount of weight when her weight increases by which amount per week?
1 lb (.45 kg)
A mother comes in with her 17-year-old daughter to find out why she has not had a menstrual cycle for a few months. Examination confirms the daughter is pregnant with a fundal height of approximately 24 cm. The nurse interprets this finding as indicating that the daughter is approximately how many weeks pregnant?
24
Which information provided by a client would be considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy?
Breast tenderness
A nurse is assessing a pregnant client. The nurse understands that hormonal changes occur during pregnancy. Which hormones would the nurse most likely identify as being inhibited during the pregnancy?
FSH and LH
The nurse is appraising the laboratory results of a pregnant client who is in her second trimester and notes the following: TSH slightly elevated, glucose in the urine, complete blood count low normal, and normal electrolytes. The nurse prioritizes further testing to rule out which condition?
Gestational diabetes
A pregnant woman tells the nurse she often has allergic responses to drugs. She is concerned that she will be allergic to her fetus or her body will reject the pregnancy. The nurse's reply would be based on which statement?
Immunologic activity is decreased during pregnancy.
A client calls to cancel an appointment for the first prenatal visit after reporting a home pregnancy test is negative. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize?
Keep the appointment.
In preparing for a prenatal class to discuss the hormonal changes during pregnancy, which information would the nurse most likely include?
Over-the-counter antacids can be used to treat acid reflux with the health care provider's knowledge.
The nurse midwife is performing a pelvic examination on a client who came to her following a positive home pregnancy test. The nurse checks the woman's cervix for the probable sign of pregnancy known as Goodell's sign. Which description illustrates this alteration?
The cervix softens.
The nursing instructor is presenting the basic physiologic changes in the woman which can occur during a pregnancy. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which change in the respiratory function during pregnancy as normal?
increased tidal volume
Monica is 36 weeks pregnant. Which complaint by Monica requires immediate additional assessment by the nurse midwife?
"I have been leaking clear fluid from my vagina."
A nursing instructor is discussing weight gain during pregnancy with a group of college students in a health class. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly point out a woman with a BMI of 21 should have the goal of gaining how much additional weight during the pregnancy?
25 to 35 pounds (11 to 18 kilograms)
A patient makes an appointment at the prenatal clinic because she thinks she might be pregnant. Which assessment is a probable sign of pregnancy?
A positive pregnancy test
During an assessment, a patient who is 5 months pregnant tells the nurse that she has to change her diet because she is just becoming too fat. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse use to guide interventions for the patient at this time?
Disturbed body image
A client in her 39th week of gestation arrives at the maternity clinic stating that earlier in her pregnancy, she experienced shortness of breath. However, for the past few days, she has been able to breathe easily, but she has also begun to experience increased urinary frequency. A nurse is assigned to perform the physical examination of the client. Which observation is most likely?
Fundal height has dropped since the last recording.
A 28-year-old client in her first trimester of pregnancy reports conflicting feelings. She expresses feeling proud and excited about her pregnancy while at the same time feeling fearful and anxious of its implications. Which action should the nurse do next?
Inform the client this is a normal response to pregnancy that many women experience.
During a routine antepartal visit, a pregnant woman reports a white, thick, vaginal discharge. She denies any itching or irritation. Which action would the nurse do next?
Tell the woman that this is entirely normal.
A nurse is leading a discussion in a prenatal class for a group of primigravida clients. Which factor would the nurse include when explaining the changes that are expected to occur in the uterus during the pregnancy?
The uterus changes from a pear-shaped organ to an oval one.
The nurse is preparing to teach a community class to a group of first-time parents. Which information should the nurse include concerning what the pregnant woman's partner may experience as a normal response?
physical symptoms similar to the mother
The nurse is counseling a young woman who has just entered her second trimester, after an uneventful first trimester. She tells the nurse, "It still doesn't seem real. It's just hard to believe that I will really have a baby." Which future events should the nurse point out that will help the young woman come to believe it is real? Select all that apply.
- Feeling the baby kick -Seeing an ultrasound image of the baby
A woman comes to the clinic for her first prenatal checkup. The woman has a body mass index (BMI) of 22. The nurse would anticipate that this client should gain approximately how much weight during her pregnancy?
25 to 35 lbs (11 to 16 kg)
A client in her 29th week of gestation reports dizziness and clamminess when assuming a supine position. During the assessment, the nurse observes there is a marked decrease in the client's blood pressure. Which intervention should the nurse implement to help alleviate this client's condition?
Place the client in the left lateral position.
A nurse who has been caring for a pregnant client understands that the client has pica and has been regularly consuming soil. For which condition should the nurse monitor the client?
iron-deficiency anemia
A woman in the third trimester of her first pregnancy expresses fear about the birth canal being wide enough for her to push the baby through it during labor. She is a petite person, and the baby seems so large. She asks the nurse how this will be possible. To help alleviate the client's fears, the nurse should mention the role of the hormone that softens the cervix and collagen in the joints, which allows dilation and enlargement of the birth canal. What is this hormone?
relaxin
The nurse is assessing a primigravida woman at a routine prenatal visit. Which assessment finding is reinforcing to the client that she is definitely pregnant?
ultrasound picture of her fetus
A woman in a prenatal clinic tells the nurse that her pregnancy was unplanned and unwanted. At what point in pregnancy does the average woman change her mind about an unwanted pregnancy?
when quickening occurs
The nurse is examining a woman who came to the clinic because she thinks she is pregnant. Which data collected by the nurse are presumptive signs of her pregnancy? Select all that apply.
• Breast changes • Morning sickness • Amenorrhea
The nurse is putting together information for a nutritional class for nullipara women. Which information would be most important for the nurse to include? Select all that apply.
- Increase consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. - Avoid the intake of alcohol. - Decrease intake of saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol.
A 23-year-old female has come to the clinic for her first prenatal visit. After the examination reveals no concerns and potential low-risk pregnancy, the nurse discusses nutritional needs for her and her growing baby. As per the Institute of Medicine, the nurse suggests the client take which amount of ferrous iron daily?
27 mg
After a routine examination, a patient tells the nurse that she plans to use a home pregnancy test to determine if she is pregnant. What should the nurse's response be to this patient's plan?
Arrange for prenatal care if the test is positive.
A client presents to the clinic because she thinks she may be pregnant. On examination, the nurse notes that the client's cervix and vaginal mucosa appear a bluish-purple color. The nurse interprets this finding as which sign?
Chadwick's sign
Which assessment finding in the pregnant woman at 12 weeks' gestation should the nurse find most concerning? The inability to:
detect fetal heart sounds with a Doppler.
A client is reporting shortness of breath. To ensure there are no developing complications, a tidal volume is obtained. Due to her pregnancy, the health care provider would except to see what type of results on the tidal volume?
increase of 40%