PSM I + PSPO I
What happens when a Sprint is cancelled? Select three.
- All incomplete Product Backlog Items are re-estimated and put back on the Product Backlog; - If part of the work is potentially releasable, the Product Owner typically accepts it; - Any completed and "Done" Product Backlog items are reviewed;
Why is the technical debt important for Product Owners?
- Because it increases the total cost of ownership. - Technical debt is shortcomings in the code that makes it less than "good enough", and therefore creates risks in the future. - It usually decreases velocity in the future (because the team has to fix the shortcomings), and as some of the debt might remain in the final product, the maintenance cost will increase as well.The total cost of ownership is a combination of the project cost and maintenance cost.
What are the characteristics of a Product Backlog Item that is "Ready" for selection in a Sprint Planning? Select three.
- Can be "Done" within one Sprint; - Well refined; - Somewhere at the top of the Product Backlog;
Which 2 of the following are true about the Product Owner?
- Can be influenced by a committee. Is accountable for prioritizing the Product Backlog items. - There can be a committee for the product ownership, but only their representative will be called the Product Owner. So, there's only one Product Owner, even when there are multiple teams. This person can be full-time or part-time. One person can have more than one role in Scrum (e.g. both the Product Owner and the Scrum Master). While it's not forbidden, it's not recommended either
Select the two focus areas that are not considered in executing Value Driven Development by the Product Owner
- Coach of the Development Team in self-organization and cross-functionality; - Remover of impediments to the Development Team's progress; In executing Value Driven Development, the Product Owner must consider the focus areas of: - Product Value Maximizer; - Product Visionary; - Product Marketplace Expert; - Product Release Decision Maker; - Lead Facilitator of Key Stakeholder Involvement; - Other Product Owner role Considerations;
How can the success of the project be evaluated? (choose 2 answers) . How does an organization know that a product built through Scrum is successful?
- Customer and end user satisfaction is important. - It's not an abstract measure like lines of code or velocity. - There can be some KPIs for measuring the value of the releases, and when improved, will show our success. - Increased velocity is desired, but it's not directly connected to value and can be misleading.
Where Scrum can be used? Check all the applicable items.
- Development of products and enhancements; - Development of almost everything we use in our daily lives as individuals and societies; - Research and identifying of viable markets, technologies, and product capabilities; - Development and sustaining of Cloud and other operational environments; - Development of software and hardware - Managing the operation of an organization
How does Definition of "Done" help to the Scrum Team? Select the three most applicable items.
- DoD is used to assess when work is complete on the product Increment; - Guides the Development Team in knowing how many Product Backlog items it can select during a Sprint Planning; - DoD ensures artifact transparency
Product Backlog Refinement ... Select the three most applicable sentence endings.
- Is the act of adding detail, estimates, and order to Product Backlog items; - Is an ongoing process; - Takes no more than 10% of the capacity of the Development Team;
What are the Scrum Artifacts? Select all applicable items.
- Product Backlog; - Sprint Backlog; - Increment;
What two attributes are optional for a Product Backlog Item?
- Test descriptions that will prove PB Item completeness when "Done"; - Dependencies;
Who is allowed to make changes in the Product Backlog?
- The Product Owner; - The Development Team, but with permission of the Product Owner;
Who participates in the Sprint Review? Select all applicable variants.
- The Scrum Master; - The Key Stakeholders; - The Product Owner; - The Development Team;
Who participates in the Sprint Planning? Select three.
- The Scrum Master; - The Product Owner; - The Development Team;
What is the Sprint Backlog?
- The Sprint Backlog is the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint, plus a plan for delivering the product Increment and realizing the Sprint Goal. - The Sprint Backlog is a forecast by the Development Team about what functionality will be in the next Increment and the work needed to deliver that functionality into a "Done" Increment. - The Sprint Backlog is a highly visible, real-time picture of the work that the Development Team plans to accomplish during the Sprint, and it belongs solely to the Development Team. --------------------------------------------------- The Product Backlog items selected for this Sprint plus the plan for delivering them
Who are the typical Key Stakeholders (select three)?
- The Users - The human people who actually use the product under development; - The External Customers - The people responsible for paying to use the product; - The Internal Customers - The people responsible for making the funding decisions for the product development effort;
What factors should be considered by the Product Owner in the release decision (select four)?
- The risk that the product's value can get out of line with the marketplace; - Can customers actually absorb the new release?; - The costs and benefits of the upgrade; - The customers that will be constrained by the new release;
What is the benefit of using value points in ordering the Product Backlog?
- Value points are relative units for the value assigned to the Product Backlog items. - It increases transparency when applied correctly.
How can the Product Owner bring his product vision to life (select 3)?
- Via the Product Backlog and iterating towards that vision every Sprint; - Articulating the product vision to the Scrum Team and the Key Stakeholders early and often; - Utilizing the underlying empirical product planning features of Scrum;
Which of the following are common Product Owner activities during the Sprint?
- Work with the stakeholders. Answer questions from the Development Team about the items in the Sprint Backlog. - The Product Owner keeps communicating with the stakeholders, creates new items in the Product Backlog, revises the order of items, answers questions and makes sure everyone has the right understanding of items, and checks the completed items with the Development Team to ensure they are complete based on the Definition of Done.
Select the five Scrum Values.
- commitment; - courage; - focus; - openness; - respect;
Select the three best options to finish the sentence below. Technical debt ...
- compromises long-term quality of the Product; - is a real risk which can genuinely be incurred; - reflects some extra development work;
Learning turns into 'validated learning' when assumptions and goals can be assessed through results. What is a key way for a Product Owner to apply validated learning? A) Release an Increment to the market to learn about the business assumptions built into the product. B) Accept an Increment at the Sprint review to learn about the forecast of functionality that was developed. C) Set the Sprint Goal before selecting Product Backlog items at Sprint Planning to learn about a Development Team's productivity.
A
Which Agile/Scrum role serves as the communication point between senior management/business team and the Scrum team? A) PO B) Scrum Master C) Senior Management
A
Who is responsible for creation of the Definition of "Done"? A) The Scrum Team B) The Development Team C) The Scrum Master D) The Product Owner
A In the 2020 Scrum Guide, the Definition of Done is created by the Scrum Team.
When a product grows, it is quite possible that the PO will get help from other Product Managers andothers in the organization who interact regarding the customer facing activities and knowledge of theproduct marketplace. Is it a good idea for the PO to proxy or outsource some of their PO Scrum Teamduties to these people (for example, Scrum Team facing duties)? A) No B) Yes
A While it is fine for the PO to be aided by the aforementioned people, it is NOT acceptable for the PO to attempt to proxy or outsource their PO Scrum Team duties, especially the Scrum Team facing duties.
A key measure of success for the Product Owner is velocity.
A key measure of success for the Product Owner is high value product
Select the two meetings in which people outside the Scrum Team are allowed to participate. A) The Sprint Planning B) The Sprint Review C) The Sprint Retrospective D) Daily Meeting
A, B
What are the three most applicable characteristics of the Product Owner? A) Product Value Maximizer B) Lead Facilitator of Key Stakeholder Involvement C) Product Marketplace Expert D) Lead Scrum evangelist in the Organization E) Facilitator of Scrum events
A, B, C
What happens during the Sprint? Select three answers. A) No changes are made that would endanger the Sprint Goal B) Scope may be clarified and re-negotiated between the Product Owner and Development Team as more is learned C) Quality goals do not decrease D) Sprint scope is defined at the Sprint Planning and cannot be changed E) The Sprint Goal is changed frequently to reflect the status of the remaining work
A, B, C
How does the Product Owner communicate his marketplace knowledge to the Scrum Team (select three)? A) Product Backlog Refinement B) Daily Scrums C) Daily ad hoc interactions D) Sprint Reviews E) Sprint Retrospectives
A, C, D
The Product Owner wants to apply some non-functional requirements to the Product. What is the best way to proceed?
Add the non-functional requirements to the DoD and check every Increment against these criteria
What technique should be used for representing Product Backlog Items?
Any technique, even a mix of several techniques
When the Scrum Team is allowed to interact with the Key Stakeholders (select the most applicable option)?
Any time where it's valuable to have the Stakeholder input
What should the Product Owner do in the middle of the Sprint, when the Development Team realises they are not able to finish all the Sprint Backlog items?
As it is the only one method to finish increment the Product Owner should help the developers adjust their work and meet the Sprint Goal
The value delivered by a product can only be determined by revenue. A) True B) False
B
All the Scrum Teams working on the same product should have the same Sprint length. A) True B) False
B Scrum does not require having aligned Sprints for multiple teams.
It is a good practice to have at least two Product Owners on big projects. A) True B) False
B The Product Owner is one person, not a committee. But the Product Owner may represent the desires of a committee in the Product Backlog.
The Scrum Master should not allow the Product Owner to attend the Sprint Planning if the PO is not ready with a Sprint Goal. Is this true or false? A) True B) False
B The Scrum Team crafts a Sprint Goal during the Sprint Planning.
A Product Owner is entitled to postpone the start of a new Sprint after the conclusion of a previous Sprint for the following reason: A) Not enough Product Backlog items are "Ready". B) The Product Owner has not identified a Sprint Goal. C) There is no acceptable reason. A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint. D) The QA department needs more time to make the previous Increment "Done". E) The stakeholders are not happy with the value produced in the previous Sprint.
C
Who has the "last say" on the order of items in the Product Backlog? A) The Scrum Master B) Stakeholders C) The Product Owner D) The Developers
C
What does the word "development" mean in the context of Scrum? Select the best option.
Complex work that can include all the suggested options and even more. When the words "develop" and "development" are used in the Scrum Guide, they refer to complex work including software and hardware development, development and releasing of products and enhancements, development and sustaining product operational environments, research and identifying of viable markets and technologies, and even more.
What provides guidance to the Development Team on why it is building the Increment? A) An Increment B) Scrum of Scrums C) The Product Backlog D) The Sprint Goal
D
When can the Product Backlog be updated? A) Only after a Sprint Review if agreed to by the stakeholders. B) Only during Product Backlog refinement sessions if the Product Owner is present. C) Never, unless agreed to by the change request. D) At any time when done by the Product Owner or at the Product Owner's discretion.
D
Who is allowed to participate in the Daily Scrum? A) The Product Owner B) The Scrum Master C) The Key Stakeholders D) The Development TeamI
D The Daily Scrum is an internal meeting for the Development Team. If others are present, the Scrum Master ensures that they do not disrupt the meeting.
If multiple Stakeholders have varied interests in the product and different viewpoints what is the best strategy for the Product Owner?
Do an intelligent balancing of interests and try to maximize the value of the Product as a whole
How frequently the Product Owner should communicate and re-iterate his product vision to the Scrum Team and the Key Stakeholders?
Early and often
The customer has the final say on the order of Product Backlog items.
FALSE. The decision on the order of items can be influenced by a committee, the customer, or any other stakeholder, but the final say belongs to the Product Owner. This decision should be respected by the whole organization.
If an item in the Sprint Backlog cannot be finished by the end of the Sprint (it turned out there is a lot more work to do than was estimated), the Sprint is cancelled.
False
Once the Product Owner gained his Product Vision and defined the tactics of bringing this vision to life, it is a bad idea to change them before the next Product Release.
False
The Sprint Backlog is created at the Sprint Planning. It is prohibited to add new work into the Sprint Backlog later by the Development Team.
False
All interactions between the stakeholders and the Development Team should be through the Product Owner.
False. Almost always these interactions are going through Product Owner but of course, it is not prohibited to discuss some questions with stakeholders. But those who are wanting to change a Product Backlog item's priority must address the Product Owner.
When something about Scrum frustrates the Product Owner, the PO can delegate some responsibilities to the Scrum Master.
False. It is NOT acceptable for the PO to attempt to proxy or outsource their PO Scrum Team duties. The Product Owner will work in concert with the Scrum Master to utilize Scrum correctly and advantageously, and try to never been seen as subverting or disrespecting the Scrum framework. When something about Scrum frustrates a Product Owner, she should consult the Scrum Master for ways to implement the Scrum framework in a way that is effective.
Every Product Backlog Item should be created by the Product Owner personally and only then the Development Team can add details to it at the PO's discretion.
False. The Product Owner is solely responsible and accountable for the decisions in the Product Backlog. However, the legwork of managing the Product Backlog might be fully delegated to the Development Team, so it is quite possible that the Product Owner might not ever create or write a User Story or Product Backlog Item.
How frequently product releases should occur?
Frequently enough to eliminate the risk that the product's value will get out of line with the marketplace
What does Cone of Uncertainty show?
How much is known about the Product over time
If it's not possible to complete the Sprint Backlog, who would try to resolve it?
If this situation is happening Product Owner and Development team should discuss how they can resolve issues
The Product Owner has doubts about the quality of the definition of "Done". What should s/he do?
Increase product quality by adaptation the definition of "Done" in the next Sprint Retrospective. The Scrum Master encourages the Scrum Team to improve, within the Scrum process framework, its development process and practices to make it more effective and enjoyable for the next Sprint. During each Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team plans ways to increase product quality by improving work processes or adapting the definition of "Done", if appropriate and not in conflict with a product or organizational standards.
Who should do the legwork of gathering the marketplace data for the Product Owner?
It does not matter who does the legwork
The Sprint Review is just a demo of the Product Backlog items completed during a Sprint. Do you agree?
No. The Sprint Review contains much more activities to inspect the Increment and adapt the Product Backlog. For example: - The Product Owner also explains what has not been "Done"; - The entire group collaborates on what to do next, so that the Sprint Review provides valuable input to subsequent Sprint Planning; - Review of the timeline, budget, potential capabilities, and marketplace for the next anticipated releases of functionality.
What part of the capacity of the Development Team does Product Backlog refinement usually consume?
Not more than 10%
What does Product Backlog management include? Select three most applicable items.
Product Backlog management includes: - Clearly expressing Product Backlog items; - Ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions; - Optimizing the value of the work the Development Team performs; - Ensuring that the Product Backlog is visible, transparent, and clear to all, and shows what the Scrum Team will work on next; - Ensuring the Development Team understands items in the Product Backlog to the level needed.
A Development Team is waiting for a specific software component that they need to integrate and use. The component should be ready in two months. The Backlog Items with highest priorities depend on this specific component. What should the Product Owner do?
Re-order the Product Backlog to maximize utilization of the Development Team and deliver at least some Increment of product functionality in the next Sprint.
What are the Scrum Artifacts? (name three)
Sprint Backlog; Increment; Product Backlog
Sort Scrum events in the right order.
Sprint Planning Daily Scrum Sprint Review Sprint Retrospective
Please, select a time-box for each Scrum event.
Sprint Planning - 8 hours or less Daily Scrum - 15 minutes Sprint Review - 4 hours or less Sprint Retrospective - 3 hours or less
Who is allowed to change the Sprint Backlog during the Sprint?
The Development Team
Who is responsible for all estimates in the Product Backlog?
The Development Team
Who is responsible for tracking the total work remaining in the Sprint Backlog to project the likelihood of achieving the Sprint Goal?
The Development Team
What could be a source of requirements for any changes to be made to the product?
The Product Backlog
Who decides whether to release the latest increment of the product?
The Product Owner
Who has the authority to cancel the Sprint?
The Product Owner
Who identifies the Key Stakeholders for the Product?
The Product Owner
Who is allowed to tell the Development Team to work from a set of requirements?
The Product Owner
Who is responsible for the Product Backlog?
The Product Owner
Who is the chief product visionary?
The Product Owner
Who is the leader in terms of getting feedback from the Key Stakeholders in the Sprint Review?
The Product Owner
How much time should a Product Owner spend with the team?
The Product Owner should spend as much time as needed with the Development Team to do all their responsibilities
Who is responsible for the monitoring of the remaining work towards the Project Goal?
The Product Owner. (The Product Owner tracks total work remaining at least every Sprint Review. The Product Owner compares this amount with work remaining at previous Sprint Reviews to assess progress toward completing projected work by the desired time for the goal. This information is made transparent to all stakeholders.)
Who monitors the remaining work of the Product Backlog?
The Product Owner. At any point in time, the total work remaining to reach a goal can be summed. The Product Owner tracks this total work remaining at least every Sprint Review. The Product Owner compares this amount with work remaining at previous Sprint Reviews to assess progress toward completing projected work by the desired time for the goal. This information is made transparent to all stakeholders.
Who should know the most about the project performance?
The Product Owner. Measuring the release or project performance is the Product Owner's responsibility. Measuring the Sprint performance is the Development Team's responsibility.
Who's responsible for engaging the stakeholders?
The Product Owner. The Product Owner is responsible for engaging them, understanding them, communicating with them and so on.
Who is responsible for promoting and supporting Scrum? Select the best choice.
The Scrum Master
How does the Scrum Master help the Product Owner? Select the three most appropriate answers.
The Scrum Master serves the Product Owner in several ways, including: - Ensuring that goals, scope, and product domain are understood by everyone on the Scrum Team as well as possible; - Finding techniques for effective Product Backlog management; - Helping the Scrum Team understand the need for clear and concise Product Backlog items; - Understanding product planning in an empirical environment; - Ensuring the Product Owner knows how to arrange the Product Backlog to maximize value; - Understanding and practicing agility; - Facilitating Scrum events as requested or needed.
In which meetings the Key Stakeholders are allowed to participate?
The Sprint Review
What's the most important metric for a Product Owner to measure, in order to make the progress of the project clear?
The forecast completion date. That's also the most important thing that should be communicated to the customer. Traditional criteria such as lines of code or man-hours spent on the project are not good measures of performance. The velocity can be a guide in forecasting the completion date, but is not enough, and is not the main reporting item.
What is the Increment?
The sum of all the Product Backlog items completed during the Sprint and the value of the increments of all previous Sprints
When should the Product Owner update the project plan?
There's no "project plan" artefact in Scrum. The Product Backlog is a form of planning in Scrum projects, and it's updated continuously (Product Backlog refinement).
All Development Teams working on the same Product should use the same Product Backlog.
True
Product Backlog Refinement practice focuses on Items for upcoming Sprints, not the current Sprint in progress. True or false?
True
The Development Team should be able to explain to the Product Owner and Scrum Master how it intends to work as a self-organizing team to accomplish the Sprint Goal and create the anticipated Increment.
True
The Product Owner should be expertly aware of the marketplace for the product.
True
Product Backlog Refinement practice focuses on Items for upcoming Sprints, not the current Sprint in progress. True or false?
True. Product Backlog refinement is the act of adding detail, estimates, and order to items in the Product Backlog. The Items in the current Sprint are no longer on the Product Backlog, because they are now on the Sprint Backlog. However, it is certainly fine for the Product Owner to add detail and clarification to the current Sprint's work as well.
Scrum does not have a role called "project manager".
True. Scrum doesn't have a project manager role. The project management activities are distributed among the three Scrum roles. Also, you SHOULD NOT have a project manager role when using Scrum.
The Product Owner "owns" the Product Backlog.
True. The Product Owner is the sole responsible person, and they even "own" the Product Backlog. There are multiple implications by saying that the Product Owner "owns" the Product Backlog or is the sole responsible person. Only they can add items to the backlog or decompose them into smaller items, reorder them. While this is done by input from the customers and developers, and even the Product Owner can delegate this responsibility to the developers.
The Product Owner can ask the developers to order the Product Backlog items instead of him/her.
True.The Product Owner is the sole person responsible for managing the Product Backlog. Product Backlog management includes: Clearly expressing Product Backlog items; Ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions; Optimizing the value of the work the Development Team performs; Ensuring that the Product Backlog is visible, transparent, and clear to all, and shows what the Scrum Team will work on next; Ensuring the Development Team understands items in the Product Backlog to the level needed. The Product Owner may do the above work, or have the Development Team do it. However, the Product Owner remains accountable.
A company has four products. Which two of the following are acceptable ways of forming Scrum teams?
When there's one product, there should be only one Product Owner, even if the product is large and there are many Development Teams. However, when there are multiple products, there are two options: 1) considering them separate and have a Product Owner for each of them, and 2) have only one Product Owner for all of them and develop them like a larger project to ensure compatibility.
How long does the Product Backlog exists?
While the Product exists
Could the Product Owner and the Scrum Master be a part of the Development Team?
Yes. Scrum does not prohibit the Product Owner or the Scrum Master do development work. However, it is not the best practice because it could create a conflict of interest.
