PSY 210 chp 5
Which of the following are examples of gross motor skills acquired In childhood
running, climbing, jumping
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a child who has developed executive function skills
stimulus driven
Preschool children learn and apply the more advanced grammar rules of ____ which involves how words should be ordered in a sentence
syntax
Young children learn early to place a WH word at the beginning of a sentence when properly asking a question this shows advances in
syntax
The main cause of death among young children is
Accidents
Which of the following are major cognitive Theories of development that address the early childhood years
Information processing theory Vygotsky's theory Piaget's theory
With regard to young children who are learning English as a first language all children will
Learn the prepositions on and in before any other preposition
The retention of information overtime is defined as
Memory
In the English language, the letters thr may be combined as in the word throat. However the letters may not be combined in the order rht. This is an example of
Phonology
What involves how sounds are used and how sounds are combined
Phonology
Preschool children tend to compare things and a haphazard way where is elementary school age children exhibit ____ by comparing two items systematically one detail at of time
Planfullness
Rebecca a six year old girl is very good at carrying on conversations with people her two-year-old brother Jack is not very good at carrying on conversations this is primarily due to an increase understanding of
Pragmatics
The second stage of piagets cognitive of theory of development last from ages 2 to 7 is called the
Preoperational stage
Which of the following guidelines as his parents and teaching proper eating habits to their children
Preparing a balanced meal with proper representation of the major food groups ,modeling healthy eating habits ,and maintaining a breakfast lunch and dinner routine
Which age group is most accessible to the suggestion
Preschoolers
What theory views children as thinkers who can predict explain and understand them selves and others
Theory of mind
What statements best describes the advances in pragmatics in early childhood
They can adapt their speech based on their setting Are able to present competent narratives Can learn rules regarding politeness
Which of the following statements best describes child center kindergartens
They emphasize play, focus on process of learning not on what is learned, see children as individuals with their own developmental patterns of growth
True or false researchers suggest that instruction to enhance US children's ability to read and write should be built on skills that children already know
True
Two controversies in early childhood education involve what the curriculum should be and whether preschool education should be ____ in the us
Universal
an increase insight and an increase in _____ are the two most obvious physical changes that occur during early childhood years
Weight
The recommended amount of sleep for 3 to 4 year olds is
10-13
Which of the following statements best describes the key elements of piagets second stage of cognitive development
All the following are true: (1) Children from stable concepts and begin to reason (2) Children continue to be egocentric and have magical beliefs (3) Children are able to use words to describe their world
The focusing of mental resources on select information is:
Attention
A young child who says where daddy is going or what that girl is doing has yet to fully understand which of the following
Auxiliary-inversion rule
Children begin the transition from saying simple to more complex sentences
Between two and three years old
Which of the following most strongly influences a child's eating behavior
Caregivers behavior
Along with the recommended amount of sleep, the world health organization also recommends which of the following sleep habits for 3-4 year old children
Consistent sleep and wake times
Vygotsky's Theory Stress the importance of social cultural influence on children's development which fits the belief that is important to evaluate
Contextual factors in learning
In early childhood ____ functioning involves developmental advances in cognitive flexibility goalsetting and cognitive inhibition
Executive
What attention supports the rapid increase is an effort full control involving action planning and allocating attention to goals during the toddler and preschool years. And increase appreciation of their surroundings help children prolong their___ attention
Executive and sustained
True or false: the brain grows more rapidly in childhood than in infancy
False
Early Head Start serves children
From birth to age 3
In early childhood executive function involved which of the following developmental advances
Goal setting, cognitive inhibition, cognitive flexibility
Which of the following is a government program to provide skills for success in school for preschool children for low income families in the US
Head start
The most obvious physical change in early childhood is growth in
Height and weight
Which of the following factors influence the accuracy of young child memory
Individual differences in susceptibility Age differences in susceptibility to suggestion Interviewing techniques that produce substantial distortions
Preschool children control of attention is deficient. They are likely to pay attention to
Salient features rather than relevant features
____ Term memory involves retaining information out to 30 seconds without rehearsal
Short term memory
The child's ability to pay attention improves ___ during the preschool years
Significantly
Which of the following emphasizes the social contacts of learning in the construction of knowledge through social interaction
Social constructivist approach
Rank the main causes of death among young children, from the highest incidence to the lowest incidence.
accidents, congenital malformations, malignant neoplasm, homicide
Which of the following best characterizes theory of mind
thoughts about how one's own mental processes work and the mental processes of others
Sustained attention is also known as
vigilance
