Psychology Final Study Guide.
What is the development task of Erik Erikson's seventh stage of psychsocial development, in which individuals contribute to society and focus on being a part of a family?
generativity vs. stagnation
What does nature refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate?
genes and biology
Ingrid in energized by being alone, speaks slowly and softly, and avoids attentions. Carl Jung would call her a(n) _____.
introvert
According to Sigmund Freud, an adult who smokes, drinks, overeats, or bites her nails is fixated in the ____ stage of her psychosexual development.
oral
What is the main idea of the behavioral perspective on personality?
personality is significantly shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism
________ development involves emotions, personality, and social relationships.
psychosocial
Which of the following in not a part of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory?
reaction formation
Francis takes his six-month-old daughter to daycare. A substitute provider is there, and his daughter begins crying. She clings to her father and hides her face. What does this exemplify?
stranger anxiety
The _______ is composed of a series of true and false questions in order to establish an individual's clinical profile.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
What was the main idea behind Erik Erikson's theory psychosocial development?
an individual's personality develops throughout the lifespan
late maturing boys are _____.
at a higher risk of depression
Early maturing girls are ______.
at a higher risk of depression, substance abuse, and eating disorders
______ is a long-standing connection or bond with others.
attachment
What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's second stage of psychosexual development, in which a sense of independence in many tasks develops?
autonomy vs. shame/doubt
Marcy is 15 months old, and her father is insensitive and inattentive her needs. Marcy reacts to him the same way she reacts to a stranger-she doesn't care if he leaves the room and when he returns she is slow to notice or react. What kind of attachment is this?
avoidant
Which of the following clearly influenced Sigmund Freud's theory of development?
climate of sexual repression
Crawling, walking, writing, dressing, naming colors, speaking in sentences, and starting puberty are all examples of _____.
developmental milestones
Grasping a toy, writing with a pencil, and using a spoon are all examples of _______ motor skills.
fine
The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a projective test _____.
in which people are presented with ambiguous images
A developmental psychologist might use ______ to observe how children behave on a playgound, at a daycare center, or in the child's own home.
naturalistic observation