Psychology modules 31 and36

The quest for a physical bias of memory involves a search for

Memory trace

Most Americans still have accurate flashbulb memories of the 9/11 terrorist attack in 2001. This best illustrates that memory formation is facilitated by

The bodies release of stress hormones

Although Mr. Kameda has recently learned to play poker quite well, he cannot consciously remember ever having played poker. It is likely that he has suffered damage to his

hippocampus

unlike implicit memories, explicit memories are processed by the

hippocampus

Cerebellum is to ________ memory as hippocampus is to ________ memory.

implicit; explicit

Harry Bahrick observed that three years after people completed a Spanish course, they had forgotten much of the vocabulary they had learned. This finding indicates that information is lost while it is

in storage

On the telephone, Dominic rattles of a list of 10 grocery items for Kyoko to bring home from the store. Immediately after hearing the list, Kyoko attempts to write down the items. She is most likely to forget the items

in the middle of the list

A flashbulb memory would typically be stored in ________ memory.

long term

During the earliest stage of speech development, infants

make some speech sounds that do not occur in their parents' native language

The beginning of babies' receptive language development is best illustrated by their capacity to

match another person's distinctive mouth movements with the appropriate sounds.

The address for obtaining tickets to a popular quiz show flashes on the TV screen, but the image disappears before Sergei has had a chance to write down the complete address. To his surprise, however, he has retained a momentary mental image of the five-digit zip code. His experience best illustrates ________ memory.

iconic

The rock musician was hit with a rotten egg while performing his latest hit song. The fact that you can recognize two different meanings for the word "hit" in the preceding sentence demonstrates the importance of

semantics

The destructive effects of prior learning on the recall of new information is called

Retroactive interference

Flashbulb memories are stored in

amygdala

In considering the seven sins of memory, misattribution is to the sin of ________ as blocking is to the sin of ________.

distortion; forgetting

Although Ibrahim has looked at his watch thousands of times, he is unable to recall whether the watch features Arabic or Roman numerals. This is most likely due to a failure in

encoding

In English, adjectives precede nouns. This is a rule of syntax, which is the

orderly arrangement of words into grammatically sensible sentences

Using barely recognizable syllables to communicate meaning best illustrates a 12 month olds developing capacity for

productive language

Which test of memory typically provides the fewest retrieval cues

recall

The ability to comprehend the meaning of speech is called

receptive language

Two people learned nonsense syllables and then tried to recall them after up to eight hours had elapsed. John Jenkins and Karl Dallenbach observed that forgetting occurred least rapidly when the individuals spent their time

sleeping

Research suggests that a memory trace is most likely to involve

synaptic changes

Every morning, Krista pages through a picture book with her 12-month-old daughter. For each picture, Krista points to the picture and identifies it by name, such as "dog." This example best illustrates the use of which of the following in helping her daughter learn language?

association

The finding that people who sleep after learning a list of nonsense syllables forget less than people who stay awake provides evidence that forgetting may involve

encoding failure

The process of getting information out of memory is called

retrieval