Psychology Review Packet ch 3-4
Which theory suggests that dreams are mental responses to random bursts of neural stimulation?
Activation-synthesis theory
In one study both hypnotized and unhypnotized subjects were told to throw acid at a researchers face. In this experiment hypnotized people
Behaved in the same fashion as unhypnotized individuals
The school of thought in psychology that systematically avoided the study of consciousness during the first half of the last century was
Behaviorism
After flying from California to New York, Arthur experienced a restless and sleepless night. His problem is caused by the disruption of his normal
Circadian rhythm
In a brief 15-30 min rush of euphoria followed by a crash of agitated depression is most likely associated with the use of
Cocaine
The traditions, ideas, attitudes, and behaviors shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next define their
Culture
Three hours after going to sleep, Jame's heart rate increases her breathing becomes more rapid and her eyes move rapidly under her closed lids this suggests that James is
Dreaming
Plato's belief that death involves the separation of the mind from the body is known as
Dualism
Cautious attitude towards sexual encounters has proven to be more reproductively advantageous to woman than to men because the birth process is time consuming this is a logic of
Evolutionary sexual behavior
Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of
Genetic predispositions in personality development
Sensory experiences that occur without a sensory stimulus are called
Hallucinations
Consciousness is
Our awareness of ourselves and our environment
Even though many chairs in the library study area are unoccupied, Jamie sits next to Blake, this violates Blake's
Personal space
American students are more likely than Japanese students to describe themselves in terms of their
Personal traits
Deep sleep appears to play an important role in
Physical growth
Drug tolerance refers to the
Reduced effect of a drug resulting from its regular usage
Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to attribute gender differences in attitudes toward casual sex to the fact that men have greater
Reproductive potential than women
A bank teller was so distracted by the sight of the bank robbers weapon that she failed to perceive important features of the criminal's physical appearance. This best illustrates
Selective attention
Drivers are slower to detect traffic signals if they are conversing on a cellphone. This best illustrates the impact of
Selective attention
The cocktail party effect provides an example of
Selective attention
Mr. Dayton occasionally stops breathing in his sleep and wakes for a snort of fresh air for a few second before falling back asleep this is a result of
Sleep apnea
Research on dreaming indicates that
Some people are able to test their state of consciousness while dreaming
A child's temperament is likely to be
Stable over time
Brain waves of R.E.M. sleep are most similar to
Stage 1 sleep
Compared to environmentally impoverished rats, enriched rats experiences rapid increase in
Synapses
The ability to pay attention to only one voice at a time is called
The cocktail part effect
When people are experiencing vivid dreams
Their eyes are likely to move under their closed eyelids
Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to predict that men will marry more women who are
Younger
An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet-tasting foods
are genetically predisposed
A researcher who assesses the heritability of intelligence is most likely a
behavior geneticist
The preservation of innovation best illustrates the survival value of
culture
Maria has always taken responsibility for preparing family meals because she learned that this was expected of women. Her behavior best illustrates the importance of
gender roles
When teased by his 9-year old sister Waldo does not cry because he has learned that boys are not supposed to cry. Waldo's behavior best illustrates the importance of
gender roles
A segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a specific protein is called a
gene
According to evolutionary psychologists, behaviors that promote reproductive success are likely to be
genetically predisposed
In recent years, the percentage of American boys and girls given one of the 10 most popular names for their birth year has plunged. This best reflects Americans' increasing
individualism
In comparison to 40 years ago, American women today are more likely to marry for the sake of
love
Cross-culture research on human development indicates that
person-to-person differences within cultural groups are larger than differences between groups
Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar
temperaments
In order to estimate trait heritability, researchers are most likely to make use of
twin studies
Advocates of the social influence theory of hypnosis are likely to argue that
Hypnotized people are simply enacting the role of good hypnotic subjects
What is true of alcohol
In both small and large doses it's a depressant
People have always responded so positively to Alyssa's good look that she has developed a socially confident and outgoing personality. This best illustrates
Interaction of nature vs nurture
Example of a psychedelic drug
LSD
Shane, a straight A student remembers dreaming that he failed an important chemistry test. According to Freud, Shane's account represents the
Manifest content of his dream
Compared to women men are__________likely to feel comfortable about having casual sex with different partners and_________likely to cite affection as a reason for their first sexual intercourse
More; less
What drug is classified as a stimulant
Nicotine
The practice of covering your mouth when you cough shows the impact of
Norms
