Rad Proc. L1-L12

What are the two arches of the foot?

Longitudinal and transverse

Identify each carpal bone by matching its name with an alternative name. Hamate

unciform

After entering the hilum, each main bronchi divides. How many branches are in the right lung? 2 3 4 5

3

How many facets make up the subtalar joint?

3

The talus can also be referred to as the: A. Os calcis B. Navicular C. Astragalus D. Pisiform

C. Astragalus

The medial malleolus is part of the:

tibia

Inner layer of pleura

Visceral Pleura

The os calcis can also be called the:

calcaneus

The first bone located on the proximal row and lateral side of the wrist is called the: trapezoid trapezium lunate scaphoid

scaphoid

Identify each carpal bone by matching its name with an alternative name. Lunate

semilunar

Which of the following bones make up the wrist? five carpals five metacarpals eight carpals eight metacarpals

eight carpals

A PA chest radiograph reveals that only eight ribs are seen above the diaphragm. Which of the following suggestions would improve the image?

ensure that the exposure is taken on the 2nd full inspiration

T/F : A PA chest taken on a full inspiration will demonstrate 12 posterior ribs above diaphragm.

false

T/F : The base is the most distal portion of the metatarsal.

false

T/F: The left primary bronchi is shorter and wider than the right primary bronchi.

false

Identify each carpal bone by matching its name with an alternative name. Trapezoid

lesser multangular

The name of the small round bones located on the plantar surface of the foot, typically beneath the first MTP joint, is the:

sesamoids

The joint located between the astragalus and the os calcis is the:

subtalar

While performing an AP Chest on the cart the patient is instructed to lean back until they touch the chest machine. This results in the patient's upper thorax being closer to the chest machine than their lower thorax which means that midcoronal plane is not parallel with the image receptor. Where would you anticipate the clavicles to be projected if the image was taken with the patient positioned like this?

superior to the 3rd posterior rib

What must the technologist do when positioning for a PA chest to ensure that the chin does not superimpose the lung apices?

tell the patient to extend their chin

When positioning for a PA chest radiograph, what must the technologist do to ensure that the scapulae do not superimpose the lungs?

tell the patient to roll their shoulders forward

An AP chest projection obtained portably with the central ray angled too cephalic will demonstrate:

the clavicles appearing too horizontal and projecting to the 1st or 2nd posterior rib

How phalanges are found in the great toe?

2

How many bones comprise the foot and ankle?

26

The fibula articulates with the tibia at the: 1. Distal end 2. Proximal end 3. Posterior surface

1 & 2

Which of the following are reasons for performing chest exams erect? 1. allows the diaphragm to move down farther 2. demonstrates air/fluid levels 3. prevents engorgement of pulmonary vessels

1, 2, &3

Which of the following forms the ankle mortise? 1. Lateral malleous of the fibula 2. Medial malleolus of the tibia 3. Inferior surface of the tibia

1, 2, 3

The Respiratory System Proper consists of the: 1. pharynx 2. trachea 3. both lungs 4. bronchi

1, 2, 3, & 4

When a technologist is critiquing a lateral chest image, what anatomy should they look at to determine if rotation is present? 1. posterior rib superimposition 2. the thoracic spine 3. the presence of humeral soft tissue overlap 4.sternum

1, 2, 4

How many phalanges are in the foot?

14

How many phalanges are there in the hand? 14 27 30 32

14

How many lobes comprise the left lung?

2

Which of the following are part of the mediastinum? 1. lungs 2. heart 3. esophagus

2 & 3

What is the recommended minimum SID for PA chest radiographs?

72 inches

The central ray angulation for an AP oblique projection of the toes is: A. 0 degrees. B. 5 degrees posteriorly. C. 10 degrees posteriorly. D. 15 degrees posteriorly.

A. 0 degrees

Which structure or bone contains the sustentaculum tali? A. Calcaneus B. Talus C. Base of the fifth metatarsal D. Tibia

A. Calcaneus

How is the ankle joint best described? A. Diarthroidial, hinge B. Ball and socket, free movement C. Amphiarthroidial, gliding D. Diarthroidial, gliding

A. Diarthroidial, hinge

What is the most distal portion of each metacarpal? A. Head B. Base C. Shaft

A. Head

The area defined by the letter "E" on this diagram depicts the: A. Intercondylar fossa B. Adductor tubercle C. Intercondylar eminence D. Popliteal surface

A. Intercondylar fossa

Which joint surfaces of the ankle joint are open with a true AP projection of the ankle? A. Medial and superior B. Lateral and medial C. Superior and lateral D. Medial, superior, and lateral

A. Medial and superior

The anatomy represented by letter "C" on this image corresponds to the: A. Medial malleolus. B. Talus. C. Lateral malleolus. D. Tibia.

A. Medial malleolus.

How are the metacarpals identified? A. Numbered 1 through 5 from lateral (thumb side) to medial (little finger side) B. Numbered 1 through 5 from medial (little finger side) to lateral (thumb side)

A. Numbered 1 through 5 from lateral (thumb side) to medial (little finger side)

The second largest tarsal bone, which occupies the highest position in the foot, is the: A. Talus. B. Navicular. C. Calcaneus. D. Medial cuneiform.

A. Talus.

A poorly positioned AP (15 - 20 degree internal) oblique ankle image demonstrates an open distal lateral mortise superimposed over the calcaneus. How was the patient mispositioned resulting in this type of image? A. The foot was plantar flexed. B. The leg was adequately internally rotated. C. The central ray was centered to caudally. D. The proximal lower leg was elevated.

A. The foot was plantar flexed.

When the malleoli of the ankle are positioned parallel with the IR, the ankle is in position for which projection? AP oblique, 45-degree lateral projection. AP oblique, 45-degree medial rotation. AP oblique, 15 to 20-degree medial rotation, for the ankle mortise

AP oblique, 15 to 20-degree medial rotation, for the ankle mortise.

Which posterior (towards the heel) angulation of the central ray will best demonstrate the tarsometatarsal joint spaces on an AP foot projection? A. 0 - 5 degrees B. 10 - 15 degrees C. 20 -25 degrees D. 30 - 35 degrees

B. 10 - 15 degrees

Which two of the following are essential oblique projections of the ankle? A. AP oblique, 45-degree medial rotation. B. AP oblique, 45-degree lateral rotation. C. AP oblique, 15 to 20-degree medial rotation. D. AP oblique, 15 to 20-degree lateral rotation.

B. AP oblique, 45-degree lateral rotation. C. AP oblique, 15 to 20-degree medial rotation

Which of the following routines should be performed for a study of the second toe? A. AP, AP oblique, with lateral rotation, mediolateral projection B. AP, AP oblique with medial rotation, lateromedial projection C. AP, AP oblique with lateral rotation, lateromedial projection D. AP, AP oblique with medial rotation, mediolateral projection

B. AP, AP oblique with medial rotation, lateromedial projection

The letter "D" on this diagram represents the: A. Tibial tuberosity B. Anterior tubercle C. Lateral malleolus D. Lateral condyle

B. Anterior tubercle

Where should the central ray be centered for a dorsoplantar projection of the foot? A. Third metatarsophalangeal joint. B. Base of the third metatarsal. C. Anterior talus. D. Intermediate cuneiform.

B. Base of the third metatarsal.

A radiograph of an AP oblique foot with medial rotation demonstrates considerable superimposition of the third through fifth metatarsals. How must the original position be changed to eliminate this problem? A. Increase obliquity of the foot B. Decrease obliquity of the foot C. Increase CR angle D. Decrease CR angle

B. Decrease obliquity of the foot

Which term describes the top or anterior surface of the foot? A. Palmar B. Dorsal C. Volar D. Plantar

B. Dorsal

What are the two arches of the foot? A. Anterior and longitudinal B. Longitudinal and transverse C. Transverse and anterior D. Instep and cross-step

B. Longitudinal and transverse

Which aspect of the foot is demonstrated in this figure? A. Dorsal B. Medial C. Plantar D. Latera

B. Medial

The letter "D" on this image corresponds with the: A. Cuboid B. Navicular C. Talus D. Medial cuneiform

B. Navicular

The name of the small round bones located on the plantar surface of the foot, typically beneath the first MTP joint, is the: A. Cuneiforms. B. Sesamoids. C. Tarsals. D. Cribiforms.

B. Sesamoids

If the medial talar dome was positioned distal to the lateral talar dome on a lateral foot image, which of the following is true? A. The patient's heel was elevated off the IR. B. The patient's proximal tibia was elevated. C. The patient's forefoot and toes were elevated off the IR. D. The patient's distal lower leg was elevated.

B. The patient's proximal tibia was elevated

A radiograph of an AP medial oblique projection of the foot, if positioned correctly, should demonstrate: A. First through fifth metatarsals free of superimposition B. Third through fifth metatarsals free of superimposition C. First and second cuneiform joint space is open D. CR is centered midshaft of the third metatarsal

B. Third through fifth metatarsals free of superimposition

The second largest bone in the body is the: A. Hip. B. Tibia. C. Femur. D. Skull.

B. Tibia

The weight-bearing bone of the lower leg is called the: A. Fibula B. Tibia C. Talus D. Femur

B. Tibia

For a non-weight bearing mediolateral lateral projection of the foot, the central ray is directed to the: A. To the level of the head of the third metatarsal. B. To the level of the base of the third metatarsal C. Tibiotalar joint. D. The navicular

B. To the level of the base of the third metatarsal

How much angulation (if any) should be used for an AP axial projection of the toes? A. Keep CR perpendicular to the cassette B. 5 degrees toward calcaneus C. 10 to 15 degrees toward calcaneus D. 20 to 25 degrees toward calcaneus

C. 10 to 15 degrees toward calcaneus

Which aspect of the foot is placed parallel with the IR for a routine lateral foot position? A. Plantar. B. Dorsal. C. Lateral. D. Medial.

C. Lateral

For a non-weight bearing lateral projection of the ankle, the central ray must enter the: A. Navicular. B. Tibiofibular joint. C. Medial malleolus. D. Lateral malleolus.

C. Medial malleolus.

The letter "C" refers to the: A. Tibial plafond B. Intermalleolar line C. Mortise joint D. Talus

C. Mortise joint

A radiograph of an AP ankle projection reveals that the lateral joint space is not open ( lateral malleolus is partially superimposed by the talus). The superior and medial joint spaces are open. What should the technologist do to correct this problem and improve the image? A. Rotate the ankle more laterally B. Rotate the ankle more medially C. Nothing; this is an acceptable image D. Dorsiflex the foot

C. Nothing; this is an acceptable image

The letter "A" on this image represents: A. Metatarsals B. Cuneiforms C. Phalanges D. Sesamoids

C. Phalanges

Letter "D" on this lateral ankle image corresponds to the: A. Cuboid. B. Navicular. C. Talus. D. Medial cuneiform.

C. Talus.

Which structure or bone contains the sustentaculum tali?

Calcaneus

Which of the following forms the ankle mortise? 1. Lateral malleous of the fibula 2. Medial malleolus of the tibia 3. Inferior surface of the tibia A. 1 and 2 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 3 D. 1, 2, and 3

D. 1, 2, and 3

For an AP oblique second toe image, the toe is rotated: A. 30 degrees laterally. B. 45 degrees laterally. C. 30 degrees medially. D. 45 degrees medially.

D. 45 degrees medially

For an AP projection of the ankle, the central ray must enter the: A. Talus. B. Subtalar joint. C. Talofibular joint. D. Ankle joint, midway between the malleoli.

D. Ankle joint, midway between the malleoli.

The os calcis can also be called the: A. Scaphoid B. Cuneiform C. Astragalus D. Calcaneus

D. Calcaneus

Which projections of the foot will best demonstrate the structural status of the longitudinal arch? A. AP Axial. B. AP oblique medial rotation. C. Lateral (lateromedial). D. Lateral (lateromedial) weight-bearing.

D. Lateral (lateromedial) weight-bearing.

The letter "B" refers to which bone on this lateral foot diagram? A. Cuboid B. Navicular C. Intermediate cuneiform D. Medial cuneiform

D. Medial cuneiform

Where will the fibula be located on a properly positioned lateral radiograph of the ankle? A. Directly over the tibia. B. Behind the tibia. C. Over the anterior half of the tibia. D. Over the posterior half of the tibia.

D. Over the posterior half of the tibia.

The medial malleolus is part of the: A. Talus B. Calcaneus C. Fibula D. Tibia

D. Tibia

Which term describes the top or anterior surface of the foot?

Dorsal

The talus and calcaneus are clearly demonstrated on a AP foot projection. True False

False

All Answer Choices 1.Pisiform 2.Metacarpals 3.Shaft of 1st metacarpal 4.Scaphoid 5.Proximal Phalanx of 2nd digit 6.Distal Phalanx of 2nd Digit 7.Middle Phalanx of 2nd Digit 8.Hamate 9.Capitate 10.Trapezoid 11.Phalanges 12.Lunate 13.Distal Phalanx of 1 st Digit 14.Ulna 15.Triquetrum 16.Proximal Phalanx of 1st Digit 17.Radius 18.Carpals 19.Trapezium

Match Selected Match A 18.Carpals B 2.Metacarpals C 11.Phalanges D 14.Ulna E 12.Lunate F 15.Triquetrum G 1. Pisiform H 9.Capitate I 8.Hamate J 6.Distal Phalanx of 2nd Digit K 7.Middle Phalanx of 2nd Digit L 5.Proximal Phalanx of 2nd digit M 13.Distal Phalanx of 1 st Digit N 16.Proximal Phalanx of 1st Digit O 3.Shaft of 1st metacarpal P 10.Trapezoid Q 19.Trapezium R 4.Scaphoid S 17.Radius

Landmarks used when positioning the ankle are the: Styloid processes Greater and lesser tubercles Medial and lateral condyles Medial and lateral malleoli

Medial and lateral malleoli

The circular fibrocartilage disks or pads that lie on the tibial plateaus are called the:

Menisci

Identify each carpal bone by matching its name with an alternative name. Pisiform

No alternate name

Identify each carpal bone by matching its name with an alternative name. Capitate

Os magnum

Where is the central ray for all PA and lateral chest radiographs?

T-7

Where is the central ray when performing a portable AP chest?

T-7

The second largest tarsal bone, which occupies the highest position in the foot, is the:

Talus

The second largest bone in the body is the:

Tibia

Why must the patient roll their shoulders forward when positioning for a PA chest radiograph?

To move the scapula lateral and free from superimposition of the lung field.

A correctly positioned lateral ankle will demonstrate the lateral malleolus superimposed over the posterior half of the tibia. True False

True

Rotation of both the foot and leg must occur when positioning oblique ankle projections. True False

True

T/F: Every chest radiograph must be evaluated to determine that there is no motion present on the film.

True

T/F: When using automatic exposure control, the technologist does not set the exposure time. The exposure time varies from one patient to the next.

True

The adductor tubercle is located on the posterior aspect of the distal medial femur.

True

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged by diffusion within the: alveoli alveolar ducts bronchioles terminal bronchioles

alveoli

The part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is termed the:

apex

The talus can also be referred to as the:

astragalus

provides protective framework

bony thorax

The trachea divides into the right and left primary bronchi at the junction called _____________.

carina

A lateral chest film reveals that the central ray was centered at T10. The apices of the lungs are clipping. What should the technologist do before repeating the film?

center more superior by raising the chest machine until centered at T7

The calcaneus articulates with the talus and the:

cuboid

Identify each carpal bone by matching its name with an alternative name. Triquetrum

cuneiform

The digit at the lateral (thumb) side of the hand is called the: lateral digit first digit medial digit fifth digit

first digit

The palm of the hand is formed by: five carpals five metacarpals eight carpals eight metacarpals

five metacarpals

What is the optimal respiration phase for a PA or lateral chest radiograph?

full inspiration- second breath

Identify each carpal bone by matching its name with an alternative name. Trapezium

greater multangular

Which of the following will demonstrate a low contrast on the image?

high kVp

The medial aspect of each lung where the primary bronchi enter the lung is termed _______________________.

hilum

In which of the following body habitus are the organs situated higher and more transverse within the abdomen?

hypersthenic

Which of the following best describes the position of the thymus gland? in the lungs in the posterior neck behind the ribs in the mediastinum

in the mediastinum

A lateral chest film reveals that the anterior portion of the patients lungs were clipped. What should the technologist adjust before repeating the exposure?

instruct the patient to take a step back until centered on the midcoronal plane

Each lung is divided into specific segments called: Selected Answer: lobes fissures pleura

lobes

The costophrenic angle is part of the:

lungs

Which plane must be accurately parallel with the IR to prevent distortion of the thoracic structures during a lateral chest radiograph?

midsagittal plane

Identify each carpal bone by matching its name with an alternative name. Scaphoid

navicular

The lungs are composed a light, spongy, elastic substance called the:

parenchyma

Outer layer of pleura

parietal pleura

The inferior aspect of the foot is termed the:

plantar surface

Space between the layers

pleural cavity

Where does the esophagus lie in relation to the trachea?

posterior to the trachea

A poorly positioned AP chest projection obtained with the patient in an RPO position would demonstrate which of the following?

the left sc joint superimposed over the spine and the right sc joint very lateral in relation to the spine

A poorly positioned lateral chest demonstrates humeral soft tissue in the apices of the lungs. When viewing the image, the technologist notices that the posterior ribs are superimposing, the sternum is lateral, and the appearance of intervertebral foramen of the thoracic spine are evident. The patient's diaphragm is below the level of 10 th posterior rib. How should the patient be repositioned?

the patient needs to further elevate their arms.

A poorly positioned PA chest projection demonstrates vertical clavicles and the manubrium at the same level as the sixth thoracic veterbae. How is the patient mispositioned for such an image to be obtained?

the patient's upper midcoronal plane was tilted toward the IR

A PA chest demonstrates scapulae superimposing the lung field. What must be adjusted before repeating the film?

the shoulders must be rolled forward

Why is left lateral chest position the most commonly used for lateral radiographs of the chest?

to place the patient's heart closer to the IR

How many phalanges are there in the thumb? one two three four

two