Research Report Practice Test PW Exam

Edit the following for the expression of numbers: The authors identified 7 different groups of personality theories. a. leave as is b. the authors identified seven different groups of personality theories. c. the authors identified seven (7) different groups of personality theories.

b. the authors identified seven different groups of personality theories

Edit the following for capitalization: When the hermit crabs listened to classical music, they were significantly more likely to retreat back into their shells than when they listened to rock-and-roll music. However, there was no music x shell interaction effect. a. leave as is b. the interaction term music x shell should be music x shell c. statistical terms such as significantly should be capitalized d. interaction effect should be interaction effect

b. the interaction term music x shell should be music x shell

Which of the following metric units is correctly expressed? a. 33 cms. b. 3mm. c. 13 cm 3 cms.

c. 13 cm

Edit the following for the citation of a statistic in text: A 4 x 3 analysis of variance (Woodworth, 2005) was conducted on the preference scores. a. leave as is b. A 4 x 3 analysis of variance (see any standard statistics text) was conducted on the preference scores. c. A 4 x 3 analysis of variance was conducted on the preference scores.

c. A 4 x 3 analysis of variance was conducted on the preference scores.

Edit the following for the expression of numbers: Days I and IV were baseline days, and Days II and III were treatment days. a. leave as is b. Days One and Four baseline days, and Days Two and Three were treatment days. c. Days 1 and 4 were baseline days, and Days 2 and 3 were treatment days. d. Days I and Four were baseline days, and Days II and III were treatment days.

c. Days 1 and 4 were baseline days, and Days 2 and 3 were treatment days.

Which example is the correct way to use commas and spacing when presenting statistics in text? a. F,(24, 1000) b. F(24, 1,000) c. F(24, 1000) d. F(24 1,000)

c. F(24, 1000)

Which of the following examples demonstrates correct use of capitalization? a. Trail 3 and Item 4 b. trial n and item x c. Chapter 4 d. Table 2 and figure 3 e. all of the above are correct

e. all of the above are correct

the results section should include a. dates defining the period of recruitment and follow up and primary sources of the potential subjects b. adverse events and/or side effects, if interventions were studied c. baseline demographic and/ or clinical characteristics of each group d. research design e. all of the above except d

e. all of the above except d

Edit Table 17 for errors in tabular presentation and notes to a table: (look at paper 31) a. the mean values are rounded off too much b. there is not enough spacing between columns c. the footnotes are in the wrong sequence d. Roman numerals should be used to number a table e. there are no errors in Table 17

e. there are no errors in Table 17

look at paper (29)

look at paper

Which of the following should be used to designate the number of cases or observations in a total sample? a. N (italicized) b. N c. n (italicized) d. n

a. N (italicized)

Where should figures be placed in a submitted manuscript? a. at the end b. at the beginning c. in an appropriate place in text d. none of the above is correct

a. at the end

the method section should a. include enough detail to make replication of the experiment possible for the reader b. briefly describe the method to the reader, omitting details about subjects and apparatus c. fully describe all statistical testing procedures used d. explain why the study was done

a. include enough detail to make replication of the experiment possible for the reader

Edit the following for the expression of numbers: It would be wrong to estimate absentees for the week by taking the number of absentees on Monday and multiplying by 5. a. leave as is b. it would be wrong to estimate absentees for the week by taking the number of absentees on Monday and multiplying by five. c. it would be wrong to estimate absentees for the week by taking the number of absentees on Monday and multiplying by five (5).

a. leave as is

According to the APA style rules regarding italics, a. only Greek letters used as statistical symbols are italicized b. all letters used as statistical symbols except Greek letters should be italicized c. letters used as statistical symbols are never italicized in print d. a and c of the above are correct

b. all letters used as statistical symbols except Greek letters should italicized

When presenting statistical information in the text, to clarify the nature of effects (i.e., mean differences and the direction of mean differences), a. give only the inferential statistics b. always give descriptive and inferential statistics c. give inferential and descriptive statistics only when presenting correlational data d. give inferential statistics fro experiments with more than one independent variable and descriptive statistics for correlational research

b. always give descriptive and inferential statistics

Tables, including titles and headings, should be a. triple-spaced b. double-spaced or single-spaced c. single- spaced d. any of the above

b. double-spaced or single-spaced

A running head to be used in a research report should be typed: a. centered at the bottom of the title page in all uppercase letters b. flush left at the top of the title page c. centered at the bottom of the title page in uppercase and lowercase letters d. flush right at the bottom of the title page

b. flush left at the top of the title page

Edit the following by selecting the correct arrangement of headings: Method, subjects, procedure, results, discussion a. leave as is b. method centered, subjects and procedure placed to the left and results and discussion centered c. method centered, subjects and procedure placed to the left, and results centered and discussion left d. method centered, subjects, procedure, results, discussion

b. method centered, subjects and procedure placed to the left and results and discussion centered

Edit the following for the presentation of formulas: The reaction between premarital sexual experience and incidence of divorce was evaluated using a chi-square test {x^2=[E(observed - Expected)/Expected]}. a. leave as is b. The relationship between premarital sexual experience and incidence of divorce was evaluated using a chi-square test (see Appredix A for formula). c. The relationship between premarital sexual experience and incidence of divorce was evaluated using a chi-square test.

c. The relationship between premarital sexual experience and incidence of divorce was evaluated using a chi-square test.

Edit the following for the expression of ordinal numbers: The students were all in their second year of graduate school. a. leave as it b. The students were all in their second (2nd) year of graduate school c. The students were all in their 2nd year of graduate school.

c. The students were all in their 2nd year of graduate school.

What causes the following segment of a student's research report to lack smoothness of expression? According to the research of Savin-Wiliams (1988), how gay men publicly revealed their sexual orientation is correlated with the stability of their mental health. He finds that well-adjusted gay men recall early to trusted others. a. intransitive inferences b. too much jargon c. abrupt changed in verb tense d. misplaced modifiers

c. abrupt changes in verb tense

In Table 17 (see Q32), identify a column heading: a. non aerobic b. skiing/skating c. before d. aerobic

c. before

A report of an empirical study usually includes an introduction and sections called method, results and a. statistics b. bibliography c. discussion d. statement of the problem

c. discussion

In reporting your data a. do not mention results that run counter to expecation b. include all individual scores and raw data c. do not discuss implications of the results d. do not assume your reader has a professional knowledge of statistical methods

c. do not discuss implications of the results

Speculation is in order in the Discussion section when it is a. identified as speculation b. logically related to empirical data or the theory being tested c. expressed concisely d. all of the above e. none of the above

c. expressed concisely

Identify a column spanner in Table 17 (See Q32): a. Bird watching b. Cycling c. mood d. aerobic

c. mood

When a verb concerns the action of the author-experimenter, the a. third person and passive voice should be used b. third person and active voice should be used c. the first person, active voice should be used d. third person should be used in all scientific writing to ensure objectivity

c. the first person, active voice should be used

Edit the following of numbering of figures. Assume that this is the first time the figures are presented. The predicted social facilitation effects were observed. As can be seen in Figure 2, a video camera increased errors with the difficult task and decreased errors with the easy task. As can be seen in Figure 1, the presence of an evaluative audience produced the same pattern of results. a. leave as is b. Figure 2 should be Figure II c. Figure 2 should be Figure Two d. Figure 2 should be Figure 1 and vice versa

d. Figure 2 should be Figure 1 and vice versa

A specific note to a table: a. refers to a particular column or individual entry b. is indicated by a superscript lowercase letter c. is placed below the table d. does all of the above e. does none of the above

d. does all of the above

Edit the following for the use of statistical symbols: In the group therapy condition, 16 percent of the clients did not return for the second session and another eight percent did not return of the third session. a. leave as is b. In the group therapy condition, 16% of the clients did not return for the second session and another eight percent did not return of the third session. c. In the group therapy condition, 16% of the clients did not return for the second session and another eight % did not return of the third session. d. In the group therapy condition, 16% of the clients did not return for the second session and another 8% did not return of the third session.

d. In the group therapy condition, 16% of the clients did not return for the second session and another 8% did not return of the third session.

Edit the following for the expression of numbers: Large financial responsibility was defined as responsibility for an annual budget in excess of five million dollars. a. leave as is b. Large financial responsibility was defined as responsibility for an annual budget in excess of $5 x 10^6 c. Large financial responsibility for an annual budget in excess of $5,000,000. d. Large financial responsibility for an annual budget in excess of $5 million.

d. Large financial responsibility for an annual budget in excess of $5 million.

When using numbers less than one, a. a zero is always used before the decimal point (0.05). b. a zero is never used before the decimal point (.05). c. the author should check with the editor of each specific journal, as this is a highly controversial topic. d. a zero is used before the decimal point (0.05) expect when the number cannot be greater than 1 (e.g.., correlations, proportions, and levels of statistical significance; r(24)=-.43, p=.028).

d. a zero is used before the decimal point (0.05) expect when the number cannot be greater than 1 (e.g.., correlations, proportions, and levels of statistical significance; r(24)=-.43, p=.028).

A sufficient set of statistics usually, includes a. cell standard deviations b. observed cell means c. ore-cell sample sizes d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Numerals should be used at all times for a. numbers in the abstract of a paper or in a graphical display within a paper b. ratios, arithmetical manipulations, and series of four or more numbers c. fractional or decimal quantities, score, and points on a scale, and units of measurement of time d. all of the above

d. all of the above

When presenting electrophysiology or event-related bran potential data, it is essential to include: a. clear labeling b. direction of negativity c. scaled of the response d. all of the above

d. all of the above

When reporting confidence intervals, a. use the format 95% CI [LL, UL], where LL is the lower limit of the confidence interval and UL is the upper limit b. always report the level of confidence c. do not repeat 95% CI when a sequence of confidence intervals are repeated in a series if the level remains unchanged and the meaning is clear d. all of the above

d. all of the above

What question should the introduction section of a research report attempt to answer? a. what are the theoretical implications of the current research? b. why is this problem important? c. what is the logical link between the problem and the research design? d. all of the above are correct e. only a and c of the above are correct

d. all of the above are correct

Of the following possible titles for Table 17 (see Q 32), which would not be clear and explanatory? a. Mood and Exercise (IT) b. Mean Changes in Mood of Subjects Prior to and Following a Variety of Nonaerobic and Aerobic Physical Activities (IT) c. A Comparison of Physical Activities (IT) d. all of the above titles are poorly written

d. all of the above titles are poorly written

the abstract of an article should a. report rather than evaluate b. be brief, comprehensive summary of the contents of the article c. dense with information d. do all of the above

d. do all the above

A good figure: a. conveys only essential facts b. is easy to understand c. is prepared in the same style as similar figures in the same article d. does all of the above

d. does all of the above