RNSG-1128 Immunity

A nurse is teaching a client about the side effects of ibuprofen. The client's learning is determined to be effective based on which statement by the patient describing the drug's effect on the immune system?

"Ibuprofen can cause neutropenia, which can increase my risk of infection."

The nurse is caring for a client recovering from a major burn. Burns affect the immune system by causing a loss of large amounts of which of the following?

Serum, which depletes the body's store of immunoglobulins.

A client has had a kidney transplant performed for end-stage kidney disease. What type of immune response that T-cell lymphocytes perform is related to this type of surgery?

A cell-mediated response

While visiting the pediatric clinic, a parent picks up a brochure about immunizations and asks about active and passive acquired immunity to childhood diseases. What is the best explanation by the nurse?

Active acquired immunity, because the person's own body develops defenses

A client comes into the emergency department reporting difficulty walking and loss of muscle control in the arms. Once the nurse begins the physical examination, which assessment should be completed if an immune dysfunction in the neurosensory system is suspected?

Assess for ataxia using the finger-to-nose test and heel-to-shin test

A school nurse is talking about infection with a high school health class. What would be the nurse's best explanation of the process of phagocytosis?

Engulfment and digestion of bacteria and foreign material

An elderly client is diagnosed with cancer. While reviewing age-related changes in the immune system, what does the nurse identify as having contributed to this client's condition?

Failure of lymphocytes to recognize mutant cells

Which of the following protective responses begin with the B lymphocytes?

Humoral

What type of immunoglobulin does the nurse recognize that promotes the release of vasoa ctive chemicals such as histamine when a client is having an allergic reaction?

IgE

The nurse is performing a physical assessment for a patient at the clinic and palpates enlarged inguinal lymph nodes on the left. What should the nurse document? (Select all that apply.)

Location Size Consistency Reports of tenderness

A child is brought to the clinic with a rash. The child is diagnosed with measles. The mother tells the nurse that she had the measles when she was a little girl. What immunity to measles develops after the initial infection?

Naturally acquired active immunity

What is the function of the thymus gland?

Programs T lymphocytes to become regulator or effector T cells.

The nurse is caring for a client with a suspected immune system disorder. What test would be ordered if a deficiency or excess of immuneglobulins was suspected?

Protein electrophoresis

A client has begun to suffer from rheumatoid arthritis and is being assessed for disorders of the immune system. The client works as an aide at a facility that cares for children infected with AIDS. What is the most important factor related to the client's assessment?

The client's use of other drugs

Which statement accurately reflects current stem cell research?

The stem cell is known as a precursor cell that continually replenishes the body's entire supply of both red and white cells.

The spleen acts as a filter for old red blood cells, holding a reserve of blood in case of hemorrhagic shock. It is also an area where lymphocytes can concentrate. It can become enlarged (splenomegaly) in certain hematologic disorders and cancers. To assess an enlarged spleen, the nurse would palpate the area of the:

Upper left quadrant of the abdomen

A client is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After recovering from the initial shock of the diagnosis, the client expresses a desire to learn as much as possible about HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When teaching the client about the immune system, the nurse states that humoral immunity is provided by which type of white blood cell?

Lymphocyte

Which type of immunity becomes active as a result of infection by a specific microorganism?

Naturally acquired active immunity

The anatomy and physiology instructor is explaining a cell-mediated response to the pre-nursing students. What actions would the instructor explain occur in a cell-mediated response?

T-cell lymphocytes survey proteins in the body and attack the invading antigens.

You are caring for a client on tube feedings. The physician has ordered Osmolite HN as the feeding formula for the client. The family asks why the physician has ordered Osmolite HN instead of another formula to feed their family member. What is an important reason that tube-feeding formulas, such as Impact, Osmolite HN, or Peractive, be recommended to clients?

To enhance the production of lymphocytes and NK cells

Decades ago, before the role of the tonsils and adenoids was better understood, it was typical after repeated bouts with tonsillitis to have a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Today it is understood that the tonsils and adenoids are lymphoid tissues that:

Filter bacteria from tissue fluid

Proteins formed when cells are exposed to viral or foreign agents that are capable of activating other components of the immune system are referred to as

Interferons

A 25-year-old client receives a knife wound to the leg in a hunting accident. Which type of immunity was compromised

Natural immunity

When an attenuated toxin is administered to a client, the B lymphocytes create memory cells that recognize the antigen if it invades the body at a future time. What kind of immunity is this?

Artificially acquired active immunity

A 15-year-old client has been brought to the clinic by their mother and is suspected of having an immune system disorder. What tests would you expect to be ordered for this young client?

Complete blood count with differential

During which stage of the immune response does the circulating lymphocytes containing the antigenic message return to the nearest lymph node?

Proliferation

The body has several mechanisms to fight disease, one of which is sending chemical messengers. The messengers released by lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages have differing roles in the immune response. Which messenger enables cells to resist viral replication and slow viral replication?

interferons

A nursing instructor is giving a lecture on the immune system. The instructor's discussion on phagocytosis will include:

neutrophils and monocytes.