Science Final

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c) friction

Simon rolled a ball down a hill. The ball stopped before it reached the bottom of the hill. Which of these MOST LIKELY stopped the ball from rolling a) mass b) gravity c) friction d) inertia

d) reference point

a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion a) a position b) a constant c) velocity d) reference point

d = s x t d = 1,500 km

a plane's average speed between two cities is 600 km/hr, if the trip takes 2.5 hrs how far does the plane fly

v = d/t v = 3 m/sec west

a shopping cart is pushed 15.6 m west across a parking lot in 5.2 sec, what is the velocity of the cart

mechanical, electrical

a spinning turbine ( ___________ energy) produces usable energy to power homes ( ___________ energy)

conductor

a substance that allows electrons to move freely across the surface of their atoms

insulator

a substance that prevents or slows the flow of heat energy

a = (Vf - Vi) / t a = 0.8 m/s^2

a train moves from rest to a speed of 25 m/s in 30 sec, what is its acceleration

newton's first law

an object at rest will stay at rest, while an object in motion stays in motion until an outside force acts upon it

f = m x a f = 1,200 N

an object of mass 300kg is observed to accelerate at the rate of 4 m/s^2, calculate the force

chemical, mechanical or electromagnetic

batteries ( ___________ energy) are used to turn on a flashlight ( ___________ energy)

chemical, thermal

fossil fuels ( ___________ energy) are burned, which is called combustion, and heat ( ___________ energy) is released

c) speed up / positively accelerate

friction can cause an object to do all of the following except a) slow down / decelerate b) produce heat / thermal energy c) speed up / positively accelerate d) change direction

opposite

friction is a force that acts in the _________ direction of the intended motion of an object

c) electromagnetic

light is an example of which type of energy a) nuclear b) gravitational c) electromagnetic d) chemical

chemical, thermal

natural gas ( ___________ energy) heats ( ____________ energy) water

gravitational and elastic potential energy

what are the two types of potential energy

compressed or stretched

what does elastic potential energy relate to

height

what does gravitational potential energy relate to

centripetal

what force are responsible for making an object turn in a circle

b) electrical

what form of energy is associated with the movement of charges, usually electrons a) chemical b) electrical c) heat d) sound

a push or pull

what is a force

bowling ball, baseball

what is an example of KE

top of rock climbing wall, trampoline

what is an example of PE

metals, silver, gold, copper, brass, carbon

what is an example of a conductor

rubber, wood, glass

what is an example of an insulator

molecule to molecule

what is an example of conduction

hot air balloon

what is an example of convection

roller coaster

what is an example of kinetic energy

roller coaster getting ready to take off

what is an example of potential energy

microwave

what is an example of radiation

rubbing a balloon, lightning, clothes in a dryer

what is an example of static electricity

b) motion

what is an object changing position or distance in time called a) speed b) motion c) velocity d) acceleration

joules (J)

what is energy measured in

newtons (N)

what is the SI or metric unit for force

a) speed

what is the amount of distance traveled in a certain amount of time called (no direction given) a) speed b) motion c) velocity d) acceleration

negative

what is the charge of an electron

a = (Final V - Initial V) / t

what is the formula for acceleration

s = distance / time (d/t)

what is the formula for calculating speed

f = mass x acceleration

what is the formula for force

KE = 1/2 x mass x speed ^2

what is the formula for kinetic energy

m = force / acceleration

what is the formula for mass

PE = weight x height

what is the formula for potential energy

v = d/t with direction

what is the formula for velocity

energy can never be created or destroyed, only transformed from on type to another

what is the law of conservation

b) radiation

what is the process by which heat energy gets to Earth from the Sun a) conduction b) radiation c) subduction d) convection

friction

what occurs when two objects slide, roll, or glide past each other, and acts in the opposite direction of an object's motion

b) electrical to mechanical

when a hair dryer is being used, one of the energy transformations that takes place is a) electrical to chemical b) electrical to mechanical c) mechanical to electrical d) chemical to electrical

a) it is given off as other forms of energy

when electrical energy is "used" by an electric light, what really happens to the energy a) it is given off as other forms of energy b) it changes matter c) it stops at the electrical light d) it disappears

when it's not accelerating

when is an object going at a constant speed

a) conduction of heat through the pan

when water boils in a pan on hot burner, heat gets to the water mainly by a) conduction of heat through the pan b) radiation of heat through the pan c) reflection of heat from the burner d) absorption of heat from air in the room

d) velocity of the object

when you know both the speed and direction of an object's motion you know the a) acceleration of the object b) average speed of the object c) distance the object has traveled d) velocity of the object

c) static friction

when you push a desk that does not move a) fluid friction b) rolling friction c) static friction d) sliding friction

a) fluid friction

when you swim in a pool a) fluid friction b) rolling friction c) static friction d) sliding friction

most PE - top of the hill most KE - bottom of the hill

where does a roller coaster have the most potential and most kinetic energy

a) child jumping rope

which of the following is an example of kinetic energy a) a child jumping rope b) a swimmer ready to dive c) a stuffed toy lying on a table d) firewood stacked in a fireplace

false

(t/f) balanced forces can cause a change in speed or direction

false

(t/f) most forms of energy cannot be converted into other forms

sliding friction

(what type of friction) a child sliding down a slide

fluid friction

(what type of friction) a plane flying through the air

rolling friction

(what type of friction) a skateboard rolling down a hill

c) heating milk by conduction; popping popcorn by radiation

Bill and Mary wanted to have a snack after school. They heated some milk in a pot on the stove to make hot chocolate. They also popped some popcorn in the microwave over. How did Bill and Mary transfer heat energy to make these snacks a) heating milk by radiation; popping popcorn by radiation b) heating milk by radiation; popping popcorn by convection c) heating milk by conduction; popping popcorn by radiation d) heating milk by convection; popping popcorn by conduction

b) the momentum of car 1 decreases and the momentum of car 2 increases

In an amusement park a moving bumper car (car 1) collides with a bumper car at rest (car 2) and, after the collision, both cars move. If momentum is conserved, which statement is correct? a) the momentum of car 1 increases and the momentum of car 2 decreases b) the momentum of car 1 decreases and the momentum of car 2 increases c) the total momentum of both cars increases d) the total momentum of bot cars decreases

a) the car makes a sudden stop

Jeff was riding in a car. Which change demonstrates the GREATEST effect of inertia a) the car makes a sudden stop b) the car slows down gradually c) the car changes into another lane d) the car runs out of gas and rolls to a stop

d) the force of friction

Manuel is coasting on his bike. Because he is not pedaling, his bike will come to a stop. Which of these will cause Manuel's bike to stop a) an increase in kinetic energy b) earth's magnetic field c) the property of inertia d) the force of friction

a) heat energy

On a cold, winter day, Sheena rubs her hands together. Stored chemical energy is transformed into mechanical energy. Due to the Law of Conversation of Energy some of the energy is also transformed into a) heat energy b) light energy c) solar energy d) kinetic energy

s = d/t s = 8.3 m/s

Pete drives 150 m in 18 sec, assuming he does not speed up or slow down, what is his speed

KE = 1/2 x m x s ^2 5,580 J

a baseball with a mass of 2.5 kg is thrown at a velocity of 20 m/s, what is the baseball's kinetic energy

b) potential energy

a car stopped at the top of a ramp has a) heat energy b) potential energy c) kinetic energy d) mechanical energy

t = d/v t = 16 hrs

a family drives 881 mil from Texas, how long will it take them to reach their destination if they travel at a velocity of 55 mph, northwest

m = f/a m = 50 kg

a force of 250 N is applied to an object that accelerate at a rate of 5 m/sec^2, what is the mass

light or electromagnetic, mechanical

a light bulb [visible light] ( ___________ energy) turns on because of turning on the light switch ( ___________ energy)

electromagnetic or radiant, nuclear

a microwave ( ___________ energy) in a house turns on because of energy produced in a nuclear power plant from an atom's nucleus ( ___________ energy)

PE = w x h 4,250 J

a mountain climber with a mass of 85 kg reaches a height of 50 m above the ground, what is her potential energy

radiation

electromagnetic waves travel through space and transfer heat energy

law of conservation of energy

energy is not created or destroyed but changes from one form to another (transferred)

seatbelt

example of newton's first law

a ball rolling down an incline and accelerates

example of newton's second law

hammering a nail, rocket explosion

example of newton's third law

newton's third law

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

newton's second law

force = mass x acceleration

c) chemical

gasoline, wood, water behind a dam, and a boulder on the edge of a cliff all represent some form of potential energy, what form of potential energy do gasoline and burning wood have in common a) heat b) light c) chemical d) mechanical

a) by using electromagnetic waves and the process of radiation

how do microwaves cook food a) by using electromagnetic waves and the process of radiation b) by using forced hot air currents through the process of radiation c) by using the movement of charged particles through the process of induction d) by using direct contact of moving particles through the process of conduction

static electricity

if a pair of socks stick together after coming out of the dryer, this is an example of

speed or direction

if an object is accelerating it changes in what two things

12N towards the direction pushed

if the force of a soccer player is 15N, and the resisting force due to friction is 3N, what is the net force acting on the ball

energy

the ability to do work or cause a change

static electricity

the accumulation of excess electric charge on an object

convection

the cyclical motion of molecules in a gas or liquid caused by the transfer of heat through a surface

kinetic energy

the energy an object has due to its motion

potential energy

the eternal stored energy of an object

d) acceleration

the rate at which velocity changes a) speed b) motion c) velocity d) acceleration

inertia

the tendency of an object to resist change in motion

conduction

the transfer of heat energy between substances that are touching

b) metal

through which of the following materials does heat travel the fastest a) glass b) metal c) plastic d) wood

c) silver, copper, and carbon

which of the following lists include only conductors of electricity a) iron, wood, and paper b) nichrome, plastic, and paper c) silver, copper, and carbon d) wood, plastic, and paper

electrons

which particle is mainly responsible for static charges

d) a salmon leaping up a waterfall

which represents kinetic energy a) a bear standing in a field of berries b) a salmon resting in still water c) a bear holding a salmon it has caught d) a salmon leaping up a waterfall

a) pulling a wagon uphill

which situation is an example of increasing potential energy a) pulling a wagon uphill b) emptying a bucket of water c) a cat jumping from a tree d) a bicyclist stopping at a stop sign

mechanical, thermal

you rub your hands together ( ___________ energy) on a cold day and friction is created to produce heat ( ___________ energy)


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