SDLC ch 7

What kind of test cases are selected for regression testing?

- Test cases which have frequent defects - Functionalities which are more visible to the users - Test cases which verify core features of the product - Test cases of Functionalities which has undergone more and recent changes - All Integration Test Cases - All Complex Test Cases - Boundary value test cases - A sample of Successful test cases - A sample of Failure test cases

Unit Testing:

- done during the development phase(coding) of SDLC - objective is to isolate a section of code and verify its correctness - performed by developer

what are some techniques for integration testing:

1. Big Bang Integration Testing 2. Top-Down Integration Testing 3. Bottom-Up Integration Testing

2 ways of Regression testing are:

1. Regression Fix 2. Regression Risk

What are the techniques of regression testing to make sure new changes have no adversely affects on existing features?

1. Retest all 2. Regression test selection 3. Prioritization of Test cases

disadvantages of White Box testing

1. Since tests can be complex, highly skilled resources are required with thorough knowledge of programming and implementation 2. test script maintenance can be a burden if the implementation changes too frequently. 3. since this method is closely tied with the app being tested, tools to cater to every kind of implementation/ plat form may not be readily available.

Differences b/t Smoke and Sanity tests?

1. Smoke is performed to ascertain that the critical functionalities of the program is working fine - sanity to check new functionality/bugs have been fixed. 2. Smoke verifies stability of the system - sanity verifies the rationality of the system 3. smoke performed by developers - sanity performed by testers 4. smoke exercises the entire system from end to end - sanity performs particular component if the entire system. 5. smoke is like PCP - sanity is like specialist. 6. Smoke is documented or scripted, Sanity is not 7. Smoke is subset of acceptance testing, sanity is a subset of regression testing.

When do we need Regression Testing? (4)

1. change in requirement and code is modified according to the requirement 2. new features are added to the software 3. defect fixing 4. performance issue fix

TYEPS OF BLACKBOX testing?

1. non-Functional Testing ..a. Load ..b. Stress ..c. volume ..d. Performance 2. Functional Testing ..a. Smoke ..b. Sanity ..c. Functional Positive ..d. Functional Negative ..e. Regression .....i......... Regression Fix .....ii........ Regression Risk ..f. System ..g. end to end ..h. Integration ..i. Alpha testing ..j. beta testing ..k. UAT (user acceptance Testing)

what are regression testing tools

1. selenium 2. HP Unified Functional Testing (UFT) 3. Rational Functional Tester (RFT)

advantages of top-down integration testing

1. tested product is very consistent b/c integration testing is basically performed in an env that almost similar to that of reality. 2. stubs can be written with lesser time because when compared to the drivers then stubs are simpler to author.

disadvantages of Bottom-Up Integration

1. we can catch the key interface defects at the end of cycle 2. it is required to create the test drivers for modules at all levels except the top control

how many basic types of SW testing?

2 types white box testing and black box testing

other name of smoke test is:

Build Verification test

other names of white box testing?

Clear Box Testing Open Box testing Glass box testing Transparent Box testing Code-Based Testing Structural testing

Advantages of White box testing

Code Optimisation - Facilitates the removing of unnecessary code and the finding of hidden errors in early phases of development. Efficiency - Two algorithms can solve the same problem correctly but have very different efficiencies. White-box testing can find where needless inefficiencies are. Thoroughness - Looking at the actual code can find potential causes of errors that Black-box testing could miss.

Who does White Box testing?

Developer team

What is Regression (RISK) testing?

Find out if "during defect fixes the development team may unintentionally introduce new errors into the code."

Prioritization of Test cases

Prioritize the test cases depending on business impact, critical & frequently used functionalities. Selection of test cases based on priority will greatly reduce the regression test suite.

Difference between Re-Testing and Regression Testing

Retesting means testing the functionality or bug again to ensure the code is fixed. If it is not fixed, Defect needs to be re-opened. If fixed, Defect is closed. Regression testing means testing your software application when it undergoes a code change to ensure that the new code has not affected other parts of the software.

what is Sanity testing?

Sanity Testing done in a development environment on the code to ensure the correctness of the application before releasing build to QA. It is usually narrow and deep testing. It is a process which verifies that the application under development meets its basic functional requirements.

Retest all is?

This is one of the methods for Regression Testing in which all the tests in the existing test bucket or suite should be re-executed. This is very expensive as it requires huge time and resources.

Functional Positive Testing is?

When system validates against a valid input. Positive testing is performed in order to check whether the software application does exactly what it is expected to do.

What is Regression (FIX) testing?

Whenever defects are fixed and ready to system test, the test scripts

major testing problems for doing regression testing

With successive regression runs, test suites become fairly large. Due to time and budget constraints, the entire regression test suite cannot be executed Minimizing the test suite while achieving maximum Test coverage remains a challenge Determination of frequency of Regression Tests, i.e., after every modification or every build update or after a bunch of bug fixes, is a challenge.

What is Smoke testing(스모크테스팅)???

a process where software build is deployed to QA environment and is verified to ensure the stability of the application.

Regression Testing

a type of software testing to confirm that a recent program or code change has not adversely affected existing features a full or partial selection of already executed test cases which are re-executed to ensure existing functionalities work fine making sure changes in new code don't have side effects on existing functionalities.

Big Bang Integration Testing

all components or modules are integrated simultaneously, after which everything is tested as a whole.

disadvantages of top-down integration testing

basic functionality is tested at the end of cycle

advantages of big bang testing

everything is finished before integration testing starts

what does software testing helps prevent?

identify errors gaps missing requirements

advantages of Bottom-Up Integration testing approach

in this approach development and testing can be done together so that the product or application will be efficient and as per the customer specifications.

Regression test selection

is a technique in which some selected test cases from test suite are executed to test whether the modified code affects the software application or not. Test cases are categorized into two parts, reusable test cases which can be used in further regression cycles and obsolete test cases which can not be used in succeeding cycles.

integration testing

it tests integration or interfaces between components, interactions of different parts of the system such as an operating system and hardware or interfaces between systems also after integrating two different components together we do the integration testing. As displayed in the image below when two different modules 'Module A' and 'Module B' are integrated then the integration testing is done.

what is white box testing?

it tests internal structure / design / implementation of item being tested is known to the tester

Blackbox Testing:

it verifies the Functionality of an app w/o having specific knowledge of the app's code/internal structure. done by QA team to test with users' point of view

Functional Negative testing is?

making sure application behaves as expected with negative input The purpose of negative testing is to ensure that the software application does not crash and remains stable with invalid data inputs.

SW testing done by 2 ways?

manually or by using Automated tools

what does smoke test verifies?

no showstopper in the build all Features are working ready for other testing mini and rapid regression test of major functionality

what is Software testing?

process to check whether the actual results match with the expected results and to ensure that the software system is defect free.

UAT (user acceptance testing)

product is ready for production and customer/ client acceptance testing is generally developed and performed by the client/customer. Based on the results of the acceptance test, the customer determines whether to accept or decline the system

End2End testing

similar to system testing, involves testing of a complete application, environment in a situation that mimics real-world use, such as interacting with a database, using network communications, or interacting with other hardware, applications, or systems if appropriate. It is performed by QA team.

beta testing

testing of an app when development and testing are essentially completed and final bugs and problems need to be found before the final release. Beta Testing is typically performed by end-user or others, not programmers, SW engineers, or Test engineers.

Alpha testing

testing of an application when the development is nearing completion and when the application is not steady. Minor design changes can still be made as a result of alpha testing.

Bottom-Up Integration Testing

testing takes place from the bottom of the control flow upwards. Components or systems are substituted by drivers.

System testing is?

the process of testing an integrated hardware and software system to verify that the system meets its specified requirements. It is conducted by the testing teams in both development and target environment.

Top-Down Integration Testing

this testing takes place from top to bottom, following the control flow or architectural structure. Components or systems are substituted by stubs

disadvantages of big bang testing

time consuming, difficult to trace the cause of failures because of tis late integration.