sike
According to the ________, you would be able to experience emotion even without sympathetic nervous system arousal.
Cannon-Bard theory
Research has shown that neck-level spinal cord injuries reduce the intensity of certain emotional experiences. This finding supports the:
James-Lange theory.
Researchers have found that people experience cartoons as more amusing while holding a pen with their teeth than while holding it with their lips. This finding best serves to support the:
James-Lange theory.
The suggestion that "a happy face creates a merry soul" is most consistent with the:
James-Lange theory.
Who suggested that "we feel sorry because we cry . . . afraid because we tremble"?
William James
Which of the following is most clearly not an example of an incentive?
a low blood glucose level
A desire to pursue high standards and significant accomplishments is indicative of:
achievement motivation.
A small number of the contributors to any field typically produce a disproportionately large share of its accomplishments despite the fact that their less productive professional colleagues are fairly comparable in raw ability. This best illustrates the importance of:
achievement motivation.
Which of the following best explains why both million-dollar lottery winners and paraplegics report similar levels of happiness?
adaptation level
When Mrs. Van Dyke first acquired a new luxury car, she was ecstatic. After several months, however, she took the car for granted and it gave her little sense of emotional excitement. This change in her feelings can best be explained in terms of the:
adaptation-level phenomenon.
Observers watching fearful faces show more brain activity in the ________ than do those watching angry faces.
amygdala
Which brain structure has been found to be especially important in learning to fear specific objects?
amygdala
It is characteristic of bears to hibernate. This behavior is an example of:
an instinct.
Which theory would be most likely to predict that rats are motivated to explore precisely those areas of an experimental maze where they receive mild electrical shocks?
arousal theory
The guilty knowledge test is typically used to:
assess a suspect's responses to details of a crime.
The arousal theory of motivation would be most useful for understanding the aversive effects of:
boredom.
Twenty-two-year-old Tawana is slightly overweight and loves to eat, particularly snack foods and rich desserts. Fearful of becoming overweight, she frequently takes a laxative following episodes of binge eating. Tawana most clearly suffers from:
bulimia nervosa.
A television producer believes that violent TV programs provide viewers an opportunity to reduce their own anger through fantasy. The producer appears to accept the:
catharsis hypothesis.
Destruction of the ventromedial hypothalamus of a rat is most likely to:
cause the rat to become extremely fat.
Which of the following is clearly not an example of an incentive?
dehydration
Lillian will be taking an entrance exam for law school this afternoon. She is likely to:
do well on the exam if her physiological arousal is moderate.
Which of the following refers to a physiological state that usually triggers a state of motivational arousal?
drive
As a member of the diplomatic corps, Alex was given special training in the customs, language, and religions of the Third World country where he would be living. However, Alex probably needed little training to correctly interpret his hosts' expressions of emotion as revealed by their:
facial expressions.
The most universally understood way of expressing emotion is through:
facial expressions.
Repeatedly saying the word "me" puts people in a better mood than repeatedly saying "you." This best illustrates the:
facial feedback effect.
A high level of satisfaction with one's work is most likely to be reported by those who frequently experience:
flow
Research on the causes of homosexuality suggests that:
genetic influence plays a role in sexual orientation
The body's tendency to maintain a constant internal state is known as:
homeostasis
The emotion of fear is sometimes accompanied by ________ that differ from those that accompany rage.
hormone secretions and finger temperatures
Which profession is most directly involved in the application of psychology's principles to the workplace?
industrial-organizational psychology
Contemporary psychologists are most likely to consider ________ to be a human instinct.
infant sucking
According to Maslow, our sequence of needs would be that our need for:
love must be met before our need for food
Food deprivation is to ________ as hunger is to ________.
need; drive
Lack of body fluids is to thirst as ________ is to ________.
need; drive
Lack of body fluids is to cold water as ________ is to ________.
need; incentive
In experiments with adult monkeys who were fearful of snakes and their offspring who were not, Susan Mineka discovered that the younger monkeys developed a fear of snakes through the process of:
observational learning.
The concept of relative deprivation refers to the perception that:
one is worse off than those with whom one compares oneself.
For purposes of lie detection, investigators have most commonly made use of a(n):
polygraph
Mr. Hanson is strongly suspected of embezzling money from his employer. He has denied the allegation. To determine whether he is lying, investigators are most likely to ask Mr. Hanson to take a(n) ________ test.
polygraph
In describing the two dimensions of emotion, fear is to terror as anger is to:
rage
Haley's parents bought her a used bicycle for her birthday. She was thrilled until she learned that her best friend received a brand new bicycle on her birthday. Haley's declining satisfaction illustrates the:
relative deprivation principle.
Isaac, a 25-year-old law student, is heterosexual; his brother Chaim, a 21-year-old college senior, is homosexual. The brothers obviously differ in their:
sexual orientation.
When confronted by an armed robber, your emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by:
slowing of digestion.
When researchers monitored the professional accomplishments of more than 1500 highly intelligent individuals, they found that the most successful were more ambitious, energetic, and persistent. This best illustrates the importance of:
social leadership
Relatively high levels of physiological arousal would most likely interfere with effectively:
solving a crossword puzzle.
According to the Cannon-Bard theory, body arousal is related to the subjective awareness of emotion in the same way as the ________ is related to the ________.
sympathetic nervous system; cortex
Danielle, an applicant for a position in corporate financial accounting, was so animated and enthusiastic in her conversations with company officials that they decided to hire her without carefully checking her resumé and past work accomplishments. The company officials should most clearly be informed about:
the interviewer illusion.
When meeting job applicants, employers often discount the influence of varying situations on applicants' behaviors and presume that what they observe applicants do and say reflects the applicants' enduring personality traits. This most clearly contributes to:
the interviewer illusion.
The time span after orgasm during which a male cannot be aroused to another orgasm is called:
the refractory period.
A therapist tells a patient who is afraid of elevators that his rapid breathing while on an elevator is not due to fear but is a natural consequence of too little oxygen in a small, enclosed space. With this new interpretation of his arousal, the patient no longer dreads elevators. The reduction in the patient's fear is best understood in terms of the:
two-factor theory.
After being physically aroused by his daily three-mile run, Martin finds that he experiences stronger resentment if his wife asks for an unexpected favor and more intense romantic feelings if she kisses him. Martin's experience can best be explained by the:
two-factor theory.
Astrid was emotionally aroused by a TV horror movie. She became extremely angry when her younger brother momentarily blocked her view of the screen. When her movie viewing was interrupted by a phone call from her boyfriend, however, she experienced unusually intense romantic feelings. Astrid's different emotional reactions to her brother and her boyfriend are best explained by the:
two-factor theory.
