skeletal
remodeling
removing old bone and adding new bone
Diaphysis
shaft of long bone
progenitor cells
stem cells of osteoblasts and chondroblasts are
calcium
the primary mineral in bone is
Chondrocyte
Mature cartilage cell that is surrounded by matrix
The stem cell of osteoclasts are
Monocytes
calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D
Normal bone growth requires adequate amounts of _____, _____, and _____ in the diet
Decreased bone matrix and decreased collagen fibers are effects of aging
One effect of aging on the skeletal system is
connective tissue surrounding blood vessels from the endosteum
Osteoblasts involved in bone growth in length come primarily from
parathyroid hormone
Osteoclast activity is increased by
calcitonin
Osteoclast activity would be decreased by
ruffled borders
Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone resorption called
give cartilage its resilient nature
Proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage
a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones
Rickets is
contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae
Spongy bone tissue
osteocyte
The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the
hydroxyapatite crystals
The compression (weight-bearing) strength of bone matrix is due to the presence of
closed fracture
A bone fracture that does not perforate the skin is a(an)
Osteomalacia
A disease in adults characterized by soft bones bc of Calcium depletion
Osteogenesis imperfecta
A group of genetic disorder
canaliulus
A passageway connecting neighboring osteocytes in an osteon is a
the tibia
An example of a long bone would be
Osteomyelitis
Bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection
as bones grow. as bones adjust to stress. as fractures heal. constantly during a person's lifetime. All of these choices are correct.!
Bone remodeling may occur
cartilage matrix
Chondroblasts produce
bone matrix
Collagen and hydroxyapatite
fractures
The most common bone disease is osteoporosis. The most common consequence of this disease is
strength of the bone
The proportion of collagen to hydroxyapatite in bone determines the
osteoblast and osteoclast activity
The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of
monocytes
The stem cells of osteoclasts are
hyaline cartilage
The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is
cancellous and compact bone
In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?
compact bone
In which type of bone would osteons be present?
calcitonin
What chemical causes a decrease in the blood calcium level?
parathyroid hormone
What chemical causes an increase in the blood calcium level?
vitamin D
What chemical ingested or synthesized by the body is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines?
osteoclasts
When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. Which of the following does this?
osteoclast activity increases
When blood calcium levels are low
osteoclast
Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down bone matrix?
immunity
Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?
Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix.
Which of the following is associated with osteoclast resorption of bone?
parathyroid hormone - increases calcium loss in the kidneys
Which of the following is mismatched?
Exposure of a bone to increased stress can lead to bone remodeling.
Which of the following statements about bone remodeling and repair is correct?
When blood calcium levels are too low, osteoclast activity increases
Which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?
osteoblasts
Which type of bone cells combine hydroxyapatite and collagen to form extracellular bone matrix?
osteocytes
Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?
osteocytes
Which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?
osteoblasts
Which type of bone cells package calcium and phosphate ions?
compact bone
Which type of bone is considered dense bone?
contains chondrocytes located in lacunae
cartilage
Articular Cartilage
cartilage covering ends of bone
Osteon Haversion system
centarl canal and concentric lamellae
concentric lamellae
circular layers that surround central canal
periosteum
connective tissue surrounds bone
central Haversion canal
contain blood vessel & are center of osteons
perichondrium
double layered connective tissue sheath that surrounds cartilage
osteogenesis (ossification)
formation of bone
osteochondral
give rise to osteoblasts and osteocytes
epiphyseal plate
growth plate
Epiphysis
head of long bone
thin sheets/compact bone
lamellae
bone to bone
ligaments attach
osteocytes
maintain matrix
Medulary cavity
middle internal space/ cavity w/in diaphysis
tendon
muscle to a bone
Build bone and matrix
osteoblasts
greenstick fracture
A bone fracture generally found in children that is incomplete is a(an)
Osteoporosis
-A disease in adults characterized by reducing amount of bone matrix - increase of parathyroid hormone secretion
bone
-Stores mineral and fat -Contains narrow that gives rise to blood cells and platelets
irrugular bone
-bone that dont fit normal shapes -Vertebrae and facial bones
long bone
-bones larger then wide -limbs
short bone
-cube shaped bones - and tarsals
flat bone
-thin bones -Skills, ribs, sternum
