skeletal

remodeling

removing old bone and adding new bone

Diaphysis

shaft of long bone

progenitor cells

stem cells of osteoblasts and chondroblasts are

calcium

the primary mineral in bone is

Chondrocyte

Mature cartilage cell that is surrounded by matrix

The stem cell of osteoclasts are

Monocytes

calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D

Normal bone growth requires adequate amounts of _____, _____, and _____ in the diet

Decreased bone matrix and decreased collagen fibers are effects of aging

One effect of aging on the skeletal system is

connective tissue surrounding blood vessels from the endosteum

Osteoblasts involved in bone growth in length come primarily from

parathyroid hormone

Osteoclast activity is increased by

calcitonin

Osteoclast activity would be decreased by

ruffled borders

Osteoclasts have projections that cause bone resorption called

give cartilage its resilient nature

Proteoglycan molecules in the matrix of cartilage

a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones

Rickets is

contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae

Spongy bone tissue

osteocyte

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the

hydroxyapatite crystals

The compression (weight-bearing) strength of bone matrix is due to the presence of

closed fracture

A bone fracture that does not perforate the skin is a(an)

Osteomalacia

A disease in adults characterized by soft bones bc of Calcium depletion

Osteogenesis imperfecta

A group of genetic disorder

canaliulus

A passageway connecting neighboring osteocytes in an osteon is a

the tibia

An example of a long bone would be

Osteomyelitis

Bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection

as bones grow. as bones adjust to stress. as fractures heal. constantly during a person's lifetime. All of these choices are correct.!

Bone remodeling may occur

cartilage matrix

Chondroblasts produce

bone matrix

Collagen and hydroxyapatite

fractures

The most common bone disease is osteoporosis. The most common consequence of this disease is

strength of the bone

The proportion of collagen to hydroxyapatite in bone determines the

osteoblast and osteoclast activity

The remodeling of bone tissue is a function of

monocytes

The stem cells of osteoclasts are

hyaline cartilage

The type of cartilage associated with bone function and development is

cancellous and compact bone

In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

compact bone

In which type of bone would osteons be present?

calcitonin

What chemical causes a decrease in the blood calcium level?

parathyroid hormone

What chemical causes an increase in the blood calcium level?

vitamin D

What chemical ingested or synthesized by the body is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines?

osteoclasts

When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. Which of the following does this?

osteoclast activity increases

When blood calcium levels are low

osteoclast

Which of the following cell types is responsible for breaking down bone matrix?

immunity

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix.

Which of the following is associated with osteoclast resorption of bone?

parathyroid hormone - increases calcium loss in the kidneys

Which of the following is mismatched?

Exposure of a bone to increased stress can lead to bone remodeling.

Which of the following statements about bone remodeling and repair is correct?

When blood calcium levels are too low, osteoclast activity increases

Which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?

osteoblasts

Which type of bone cells combine hydroxyapatite and collagen to form extracellular bone matrix?

osteocytes

Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?

osteocytes

Which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?

osteoblasts

Which type of bone cells package calcium and phosphate ions?

compact bone

Which type of bone is considered dense bone?

contains chondrocytes located in lacunae

cartilage

Articular Cartilage

cartilage covering ends of bone

Osteon Haversion system

centarl canal and concentric lamellae

concentric lamellae

circular layers that surround central canal

periosteum

connective tissue surrounds bone

central Haversion canal

contain blood vessel & are center of osteons

perichondrium

double layered connective tissue sheath that surrounds cartilage

osteogenesis (ossification)

formation of bone

osteochondral

give rise to osteoblasts and osteocytes

epiphyseal plate

growth plate

Epiphysis

head of long bone

thin sheets/compact bone

lamellae

bone to bone

ligaments attach

osteocytes

maintain matrix

Medulary cavity

middle internal space/ cavity w/in diaphysis

tendon

muscle to a bone

Build bone and matrix

osteoblasts

greenstick fracture

A bone fracture generally found in children that is incomplete is a(an)

Osteoporosis

-A disease in adults characterized by reducing amount of bone matrix - increase of parathyroid hormone secretion

bone

-Stores mineral and fat -Contains narrow that gives rise to blood cells and platelets

irrugular bone

-bone that dont fit normal shapes -Vertebrae and facial bones

long bone

-bones larger then wide -limbs

short bone

-cube shaped bones - and tarsals

flat bone

-thin bones -Skills, ribs, sternum