SOC 101: Final Exam

demedicalization

"sick" behavior is normalized again

formal vs informal education

-formal: learning academic facts -informal: learning norms

theoretical perspectives of family

-functionalist: Roles are instrumental -conflict: reflection of inequality and male dominance -symbolic interactionist: social construct and based on intimacy

theoretical perspectives of economics

-functionalist: efficiency-designed economy -conflict: economy reflects economic inequality -symbolic interactionist: career inheritance

theoretical view of education

-functionalist: introduction to lasting social networks -conflict: reinforces social inequalities -symbolic interactionist: labeling theory in action

theoretical view of aging

-functionalist: people active in their roles adjust better to old age -conflict: social groups compete for scarce resources and older people can't keep up -symbolic interactionist: attitudes towards elderly rooted in society

theoretical view of health and medicine

-functionalist: sickness is deviance -conflict: issues with healthcare rooted in capitalism -symbolic interactionist: sickness is socially constructed

gender differences in courtship

-gender socialization -reproductive relationship as end goal -female driven process through signals

capitalism today

-government regulations of economic relations -monopolies

boomers impact on aging in the US

-medicare increase burdens healthcare system -social security at risk of failure is adjustments are not made

primary aging vs secondary aging

-primary: biological factors -secondary: controllable factors

kinship

-state of relation to others -culturally learned

Paul Glick's 7-step family life cycle

1. Marriage 2. Procreation 3. Preschooler 4. School-age 5. Teenage 6. Launching 7. Empty nest

2 elements needed for a social movement

1. right to goals 2. group feels they cannot accomplish goal through conventional means

affirmative action

A policy designed to redress past discrimination against women and minority groups through measures to improve their economic and educational opportunities

different types of descent

Bilateral, Patrilineal, Matrilineal, Ambilineal

IDEA

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

Industrial Work

Mechanical progress that produced more and better goods; creation of great profit; alienation of workers

Nuclear family

Mother, father and children living as a unit

health by gender

Women - unequal access to and institutionalized sexism in the health industry (medicalization)

legitimization

a physician must certify that the illness is genuine

family

a set of people related by blood, marriage, or some other agreed-on relationship who share the primary responsibility for reproductions and caring for members of society

matchmakers

a type of courtship (structured and ritualistic)

age stratification

age is as divisive as race, sex, etc.

global education

aims and habits of a group are passed from one generation to the next

communism

all property is communally owned and no social distinctions are made based off ability of production

types of social movements

alternative, redemptive, reformative, revolutionary

social gerontology

analyzes social and sociological aspects of aging

collective behavior

any group behavior not mandated by an institution

medicalization of deviance

bad behavior-->sick behavior

equal education

brown v board reversed plessy v ferguson allowing racial segregation in schools

hookup

casual and open to interpretation

4 types of crowd

casual, conventional, expressive, acting

reformative movements

change parts of social structure

Value Added Theory

conditions add up to predict the likelihood of an event

cultural capital

cultural knowledge that serves as metaphorical currency and helps to navigate a culture

death and dying

death perceived through culture

Head Start

developed to give low-income students an opportunity to makeup preschool deficit

aging process

different responsibilities that vary by culture in every age

globalization's affect on the economy

division of labor

agricultural societies

economies were largely based on farming

social placement

education is a method for upward for social mobility

Continuity

elderly choose to be active to maintain consistency and relevance in society

bigany

entering a marriage while still being married to someone else

social construction of health

explains how society shapes and is shaped by medical ideas

xenophobia

fear of foreigners and foreign goods

retirement's affect on aging

finances present a challenge

baby boomers

first group of children and teenagers with their own spending and marketing power

Teaching to the Test

focuses on preparing for standardized tests instead of a well-rounded education

American Dream

hard work and high social status means wealth is available to everyone

polygamy

having more than one spouse at a time

stigmatization of illness

illnesses that are discriminated against and whose sufferers are looked down upon or even shunned by society

contested illness

illnesses that are questioned or considered questionable by some medical professionals

Modernization

industrialization and modernization are responsible for elders loss of societal power

health in low income nations risks

infectious disease, infant mortality, bad water and sewers

Globalization

integrating governments, cultures financial markets into a single world market

manifest function

intended and visible functions of education

hispanic paradox

latinos live longer than whites despite having lower educational levels and incomes being far less likely to have health insurance

levels of social movements

local, state, national, global

socialism

means of production is commonly owned -centrally controlled by government

social promotion

moving a student to the next grade regardless of achievement

Disengagement

natural withdrawl from society as one ages

aspects of child abuse in families

neglect, child labor/soldiers, corporal punishment

hidden curriculum

nonacademic info that students learn informally

health in high income nations risks

obesity

Polygyny

one man, multiple wives

Monogamy

one partner

polyandry

one woman, multiple husbands

communications contribution to social movements

organization of movements; face to face no longer necessary

social movement

organized collective activity to bring about or resist fundamental change in an existing group or society

power in residence

patrilocal, matrilocal, outsider status

sick role

patterns of expectations that define appropriate behavior for the sick and for those who take care of them

capitalism

private owners invest in their capital, others' money to produce goods and services to sell in an open market

capitalism vs socialism

private vs public ownership of the means of production

different types of poverty

relative vs extreme -relative: unable to maintain standard of living -extreme: lacks basic necessities

Extended family

relatives live in the same home as their parents and children

No Child Left Behind

requires state testing in designated grades to determine if school receive federal funding

types of group organization

riots, hysteria, fads

redemptive (or religious) movements

seek meaning and inner change

gerontology

seeks to understand aging process and challenges experienced by aging seniors

alternative movements

self improvement and limited specific changes to individual beliefs and behaviors

serial monogamy

several partners - only one at a time

aging viewed by society

shameful

economic systems

social institution through which a society's resources are managed and produced

Post Industrial

society marked by a transition from a manufacturing-based economy to a service-based economy,

egalitarian family

spouses are regarded as equals

ageism

stereotyping and discrimination against the elderly and leads to misinformation about abilities

health by socioeconomic status

strongest and most consistent predictor of a person's morbidity and mortality

student loan debt

students hard-pressed to repay debt at entry-level salary

contemporary issues in education

teacher effectiveness, social promotion, affirmative action, student loan debt

commodification

the changing of something not generally thought of as a commodity into something that can be bought and sold in a marketplace

credentialism

the emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications

social epidemiology

the study of the causes and distribution of diseases

medical sociology

the systematic study of how humans manage issues of health and illness, disease and disorders, and healthcare for both the sick and the healthy

social construction of illness

they way some patients control the manner in which they reveal their diseases and the lifestyle changes developed to cope

informal economy

transfers of resources not reported to the government

changes in divorce rates

waiting longer to get married, age, education, reduce marriage rates

Exchange

we give up power and submit to other due to a lack of compelling reasons for others to submit to you

job inequalities

women, minorities, immigrants

phases of aging

young-old (65-74) middle-old (75-84) old-old (over 85)