Soc Unit 4 Exam

When the League of Women Voters successfully achieved its goal of women being allowed to vote, they had to undergo frame __________, a means of completely changing their goals to ensure continuing relevance

transformation

Sidewalk ramps and Braille signs are examples of _______________.

- accommodations required by the Americans with Disabilities Act -forms of accessibility for people with disabilities (d. both b and c)

Core nations that work to propel peripheral nations toward modernization need to be aware of:

- preserving peripheral nation cultural identity, preparing for pitfalls that come with modernization, avoiding hegemonistic assumptions about modernization d. ALL OF THE ABOVE

According to the World Health Organization, what was the most frequent cause of death for children under five in low-income countries?

Pneumonia and diarrheal diseases

What is the practice where the differences between low-end and high-end jobs become greater and the number of people in the middle levels decreases?

Polarization

When sociologists think about technology as an agent of social change, which of the following is not an example?

Population growth

In which sector of an economy would someone working as a software developer be?

Quaternary

Which current world figure has the least amount of political power?

Queen Elizabeth II

Plessy v. Ferguson set the precedent that _____________.

Racial segregation in schools were allowed.

What does the individual mandate provision of the 2010 U.S. healthcare reform do?

Requires everyone to have insurance or pay a penalty

What are the major factors that affect education systems throughout the world?

Resources and money

The U.S. Supreme Court case _________________ led to the revision of voting districts to account for differences in population density.

Reynolds v. Sims

Which country serves as an example of convergence?

Singapore

Who determines which illnesses are stigmatized?

Society

Which program is an example of socialized medicine?

The United States' Veterans Health Administration

What group created the Millennium Development Goals?

The World Health Organization

What is social epidemiology?

The study of the causes and distribution of diseases

The Arab Spring, Occupy Wall Street protests, and the Tea Party movement have the following in common:

They are examples of conflict theory in action.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of multinational corporations?

They are headquartered primarily in the United States.

Which factor does not influence voting practices?

Voting booths

Sociologists using conflict perspective might study what?

What motivates inequitably treated people to join a movement

When did the first economies begin to develop?

When people began to grow crops and domesticate animals

The protesters at the Egypt uprising rally were:

an acting crowd

In the past, Southern states discouraged African Americans from voting by requiring them to take a _____________________ test.

literacy

The type of socialism now carried on by Russia is a form of ______ socialism.

market

Which statement best explains the meaning of "one person, one vote"?

All people's votes should count equally.

What are the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders in the United States?

Anxiety disorders

Which statement best expresses the difference between power and authority?

Authority is based on the perceived legitimacy of the individual in power.

Which of the following statements is not true?

Blacks have lower cancer rates than whites.

Which president signed the Voting Rights Act?

Lyndon Johnson

Which public healthcare system offers insurance primarily to people over sixty-five years old?

Medicare

Which is an economic policy based on national policies of accumulating silver and gold by controlling markets with colonies and other countries through taxes and customs charges?

Mercantilism

Which of the following organizations is not an example of a social movement?

National Football League

Which nation is an absolute monarchy?

Oman

Public schools must guarantee that ___________.

Per-student spending is equitable.

Allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the requirements for that grade is called ____________.

Social promotion

Which of the following is not part of the rights and responsibilities of a sick person under the functionalist perspective?

The sick person can take as long as she wants to get better.

What do nations that are top-ranked in science and math have in common?

They recruit top teachers

Conflict theorists see IQ tests as being biased. Why?

They reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upper-class culture

In the U.S. Senate, it is customary to assign each senator a seniority ranking based on years of government service and the population of the state he or she represents. A top ranking gives the senator priority for assignments to office space, committee chair positions, and seating on the senate floor. What type of authority does this example best illustrate?

Traditional

Chronic fatigue syndrome is an example of _______________.

a contested illness

The process by which aspects of life that were considered bad or deviant are redefined as sickness and needing medical attention to remedy is called:

medicalization

China is undergoing a shift in industry, increasing labor specialization and the amount of differentiation present in the social structure. This exemplifies:

modernization

Many deaths in high-income nations are linked to __________________.

obesity

Conflict theorists see sorting as a way to ________.

perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status

A boy throwing rocks during a demonstration might be an example of ___________.

precipitating factors

If a movement claims that the best way to reverse climate change is to reduce carbon emissions by outlawing privately owned cars, "outlawing cars" is the ________.

prognostic framing

Informal education _________________.

refers to the learning of cultural norms

If we divide social movements according to their positions among all social movements in a society, we are using the __________ theory to understand social movements.

resource mobilization

Among the reasons socialism never developed into a political movement in the United States was that trade unions _________.

secured workers' rights

Social movements are:

the collective action of individuals working together in an attempt to establish new norms beliefs, or values

Children in peripheral nations have little to no daily access to computers and the Internet, while children in core nations are constantly exposed to this technology. This is an example of:

the digital divide

In addition to social movements, social change is also caused by technology, social institutions, population and ______.

the environment

The Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is an example of ________________.

the social construction of health

A(n) _________________ is an extremely oppressive government that seeks to control all aspects of its citizens' lives.

totalitarian dictatorship

What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability?

tracking

Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of ________.

transmission of moral education

Which of the following is not an aspect of globalization?

Integrating child care through international trade.

Which concept corresponds best to functionalism?

Interdependence

Who was the leading theorist on the development of socialism?

Karl Marx

Which of the following present and former government leaders is generally considered a dictator?

Kim Jong-Un

Which of the following types of authority does not reside primarily in a leader?

Legal-rational

Which of the following is an example of collective behavior?

A group of people interested in hearing an author speak

Which is not a characteristic of a democracy?

A king or queen holds the majority of governmental control.

Which statement best expresses why the United States is not a true democracy?

Citizens elect representatives who vote on their behalf to make policy.

Which of these is an example of a commodity?

Corn

Which is not one of functionalism's four main purposes of government?

Equally distributing resources

Functionalist theory sees education as serving the needs of _________.

Families, society, the individual: ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which statement best expresses why there have been so few charismatic female leaders throughout history?

Few women have had the opportunity to hold leadership roles over the course of history.

Which of the following paradigms would consider movements such as Occupy Wall Street undesirable and unnecessarily forcing social change?

Functionalism

Which sociologist is not associated with conflict theory?

George H. Mead

Which is evidence that the United States workforce is largely a meritocracy?

Highly skilled jobs pay better than low-skill jobs.

What is the most important commodity in a postindustrial society?

Information

According to emergent-norm theory, crowds are:

able to develop their own definition of the situation

Many constitutional monarchies started out as:

absolute monarchies

If someone does not earn enough money to pay for the essentials of life he or she is said to be _____ poor.

absolutely

The 1972 case Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia set a precedent for __________.

access to education

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. used his public speaking abilities and magnetism to inspire African Americans to stand up against injustice in an extremely hostile environment. He is an example of a(n) __________ leader.

charismatic

Karl Marx believed social structures evolve through:

conflict

The class, race, and gender inequalities in our healthcare system support the _____________ perspective.

conflict

Sociologist G. William Domhoff's Who Rules America? Asserts that wealth is often necessary to exert the most influence over social and political systems. This is a ____ perspective.

conflict theory

Which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintains the status quo?

conflict theory

Which of the following is not a manifest function of education?

courtship

Learning from classmates that most students buy lunch on Fridays is an example of ________.

cultural transmission

The removal of homosexuality from the DSM is an example of ____________.

demedicalization

One reason critics oppose globalization is that it:

has negative impacts on the environment

Core nations are also known as __________________.

high-income nations

All of the following are characteristics of global cities, except:

host influential philosophers

While PETA is a social movement organization, taken together, the animal rights social movement organizations PETA, ALF, and Greenpeace are a __________.

social movement industry

Because she plans on achieving success in marketing, Tammie is taking courses on managing social media. This is an example of ________.

social placement

Great Britain's healthcare system is an example of ______________.

socialized medicine

Key predictors for student success include ____________.

socioeconomic status and family background

What term describes the separation of students based on merit?

sorting

The high unemployment rate among people with disabilities may be a result of ____________.

stigmatization

Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process?

symbolic interactionism

Ben lost his job when General Motors closed U.S. factories and opened factories in Mexico. Now, Ben is very antiimmigration and campaigns for large-scale deportation of Mexican nationals, even though, logically, their presence does not harm him and their absence will not restore his job. Ben might be experiencing _____________.

xenophobia