Social Studies Chapter 10
How did George Westinghouse contribute to railroad transportation?
His invention of air brakes made railroad travel safer and faster.
How did the use of horses change the way American Indians hunted?
Hunters could chase herds to hunt individual buffalo.
How did Gustavus Swift's introduction of refrigeration to the meat packing industry change food and ranching in the United States?
It allowed meat to be shipped long distances
In what way did the nation's growing transportation system help promote economic growth?
It opened up national markets for selling and obtaining resources and helped lower costs of production.
What was one effect of the Haymarket Riot?
Organized labor became less popular in the United States.
Why might tensions have broken out between Sitting Bull and the United States government?
Sitting Bull did not feel bound by the 1868 treaty, which he didn't sign.
Which of the following can best be inferred from looking at this map of the Northern Pacific, Union Pacific, Central Pacific, and Southern Pacific Rail Roads?
The Southern Pacific Railroad contributed to the growth of cities including San Francisco and Los Angeles.
Many western territories began to apply for statehood between the 1860s and 1900. Nevada became a state in 1864; Colorado in 1876; North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington in 1889; Idaho and Wyoming in 1890. Which of the following contributed most to this process towards statehood?
The expansion of major rail lines linking the West and the East enabled people and supplies to move cheaply.
The octopus in the picture latching onto political buildings with the standard oil logo represents
The power of trusts
Based on the account of Mrs. Berger, how did the transcontinental railroads impact the West?
The railroads provided jobs for settlers.
Whose innovation is evident in this 1881 illustration of a street being illuminated by a lamp post?
Thomas Edison
The Plains Indians' reaction to the Sand Creek Massacre ultimately resulted in
a new treaty agreement that relocated the Plains Indians to reservations in Oklahoma.
"I like a little competition, but I like combination more." -J.P. Morgan The quotation supports Morgan's practice of
acquiring control of corporations.
Which innovation does the photograph of people putting together a car illustrate?
assembly line
How did western farmers try to improve their conditions when they fell on hard times in the late 1800s?
by using cheap immigrant labor to lower costs and increase their profits
Which economic practice helps motivate companies to keep prices low and improve product quality?
competition
What MOST helped railroads improve their efficiency?
consolidation of railroad companies
Which change led to the end of open ranching in the west?
farmers arriving and fencing off plots
The main reason for the attack on the tribes under Sitting Bull was to
force the Lakota and Cheyenne back onto their reservations.
Many African American inventors were unable to benefit from their discoveries because of difficulties
getting patents.
The American Federation of Labor differed from the Knights of Labor in that it.
included several trade unions.
Which was a major result of the Homestead Act of 1862?
increased development of Western lands
What was the main reason for the slow growth of labor unions in the United States during the 19th century?
lack of public and legal support for union activities
Which detail in the photo of a cowboy on a horse was influenced by vaqueros?
lariat
Which factor further reduced future opportunities for children at work before 1910?
limited education
Which factor best accounts for the price change in the Model T automobile?
mass production
In what area did airplanes first prove to be of practical value?
military operations
What role did both men and women among Plains Indians share?
passing along traditions and knowledge
The failure of reforms designed by the United States to help Native Americans was primarily a result of
prejudice towards Native Americans
Based on this selection, which policy would the Populist Party be mostly likely to support?
regulating railroad rates to help farmers
Which practice does Roosevelt advocate for?
regulation of monopolies
What caused many boomtowns to turn into ghost towns?
running out of gold or silver in mines
Based on the passage, Eastman sought to make popular photography possible by inventing a camera that was
simple to use.
The ILGWU was notable because it was
successful at negotiating for shorter hours.
In this excerpt, Terence Powderly is trying to separate the Knights of Labor from the actions of anarchists in
the Haymarket Riot.
What event in the history of the West in the late 1800s prompted Chief Joseph to give this speech?
the defeat of American Indian peoples by United States troops
What event or characteristic of the Industrial Revolution does this painting of steel mills and steamboats illustrate?
the environmental impact of steel mills
Some American Indian people on the Great Plains lived in buildings like tepees because
they could support a nomadic lifestyle.
What was the primary goal of the Dawes Act?
to encourage American Indians to become farmers
Why did miners in the West create groups of vigilantes?
to enforce laws and punish criminals
Why would it be important for railroads to use strong management techniques?
to ensure a complex business ran smoothly
In the passage Gompers explains the need for
trade unions
Which of the following contributed MOST to the growth of the Cattle Kingdom?
transcontinental railroad
Based on the text on the banners, which workers' issue most likely prompted this protest demonstration?
unsafe working conditions
Based on information in the graph, what was one factor in the 1894 Pullman Strike?
wage reductions
Which factor most likely caused a decline in Grange membership?
wheat prices declined
Why might recent events have led to many African Americans working for ranchers?
After the end of slavery, African Americans could move and find new work.
What social trend caused the demand for beef to rise immediately following the Civil War?
Cities in the East and West increased in population.
What negative impact did gold and silver mining have in the West?
Ghost towns were left behind after the mines stopped producing.
Predict which of the following policies might have made the Dawes Act more successful?
Giving American Indians land that would be useful for farming.
Which idea does this passage express?
Gospel of Wealth
How was the tragedy at Wounded Knee related to the Ghost Dance?
Groups of Lakota left reservations after the banning of the Ghost Dance, and soldiers killed many of them at Wounded Knee.