socio final
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2010, women earned ____ % of graduate degrees
cohabitation
Amy and Raymond live together in an intimate relationship without legal or religious sanctioning. this arrangement is known by sociologist as:
belief that spirits are present in the natural world' Totemism and Shamanism
Animism is the _______; examples of it are _____________
Ethicalism
Buddhists adhere a certain principles to lead moral lives
theistic
Christianity is considered a(n) ___________ religion
solidarity
Durkheim felt that one of the major functions of religion was that it perpetuates:
adherence to ethical principles in order to live a moral life; Taoism and Buddhism
Ethicalism is the ________; examples of it are _____________
marrying someone who diverges a great deal from our age, race, social class, and religion is often met with overt or subtle disapproval from others
In much of the Western world, the choice of a marriage partner tends to be influenced by age, education, class, race, and religion. which of the following explains this tendency?
religion pacifies people with promises of rewards in the afterlife; therefore, they do not challenge the subjugating, exploitative social conditions in this life
Karl Marx referred to religion as the opium of the mass. By this, he meant which of the following statements?
Islam
The second-largest religion in the world and in the US
functionally illiterate
William, a 17 year old high school student, chooses products in the grocery store by looking at the pictures on the label of the goods on the shelves because he cannot read many of the words. William would be considered:
nuclear
a family consisting of a mother, a father, and their biological children is known as a _______ family
social interaction; collective realities
according to Durkheim, religion is created by _________, and religious expressions represent _________
decrease black and hispanic admission acceptance rates by one-half of two thirds
according to Espenshade and Chung (2005), eliminating affirmative action programs would do which of the following?
$0.77 c
according to data in chapter 12, US women earn about how much for every dollar earned by US men?
provides a good testing ground for marriage and curtails divorce
according to the text's discussion, cohabitation:
believe that the Bible should be taken literally, evangelicals do not
according to the textbook, difference between Evangelical Protestants and Fundamentalist Christians is that fundamentalists:
14
according to your text, approximately ___ percent of the nation's population 16 years and older is functionally illiterate
more religious
as people age, they become:
the processes through which academic, social and cultural ideas and tools - both general and specific - are developed
broadly defined, education is:
predestination
calvinists believed that their souls were selected for salvation before birth. this is known as:
blended family
cole's parents divorced when he was 6, but now both of them are remarried. he has 2 stepsisters on his mother's side and a new stepbrother on his father's side. these families are examples of which of the following type of family?
social sciences, law, and humanities; natural, physical, and engineering sciences
college faculty members in the _______ are much more likely to belong to church and express religious commitment than are faculty in the ____________
girls and boys score about the same in national math tests
contrary to popular belief:
social class-based skills and resources that people inherit and can use to their advantage
cultural capital refers to:
a set of shared stories, beliefs, and practices about sacred things that guide beliefs and behaviors
defined broadly, religion is:
exogamy
formal or informal rules that require a person to marry outside of the group he or she belongs to are called:
extended
grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who live together in a multigenerational household are considered a(n) ____________ family
polyandry
in some rural areas of Asia, women can have several husbands at one time. this practice is known as:
the traditional family is universal cross-culturally
in terms of cross-culturally family forms, which of the following statements is true?
she felt that if she had only worked harder she would have been able to get by
journalist barbara ethrenreich traveled around the country to study firsthand what is was like to get by working low-wage jobs. all of the following are true about her experiences EXCEPT:
human capital
knowledge and skills that make someone more productive and bankable are known as:
facing ostracism from within one's tightly knit community
marriages that cross racial and ethnic lines have become more common in the US, although most US marriages are still racially and ethnically endogamous. what factors might. discourage exogamy?
part of everyday life
objects and behaviors that are profane are:
how gender roles are learned at home
on most weekends you can find the Smith, who have one son and two daughter, doing their assigned chores around the house. Typically, the son mows the lawn and helps his dad with automobile maintenance, while the girls help clean the house and prepare the meals. this distribution of chores reflects:
to socialize them to become civilized americans
one of the major reasons native americans were placed in boarding schools for 60 years was:
tend to have jobs that require them to be obedient and they want their children to learn this
one of the major reasons that lower-status parents use more directives and teach their children to be obedient than inquisitive is that they:
a social institution that strategies students based on the characteristics of their backgrounds even though it is intended to provide equal opportunity
paradox of the American education system is that education is:
growing acceptance of exogamy
recent trends in marriages between ppl from different races or ethnic group indicate a:
the symbolic meaning created from the collective investment of community
sacred things can include books, building, days, and places. from a sociological standpoint, the sacredness comes from:
the transformation of a society away form religion and toward a separation of religious and social institutions such as politics, and economy, and the family
secularization is:
the collection of relationships that can facilitate the actions and behaviors of others
social capital is:
cult of domesticity
sociologist Arlie Hochschild (1980) has found that many women who would traditionally be expected to take care of the home and children also try to have a career. she calls this the:
fair
sociologist barbara risman calls families in which both men and women genuinely share the paid and unpaid labor equally ________ families
monogamy
some people may have several spouses over their lifetimes, but in the United States they are legally allowed only one at a time. this legal institution is known as:
polygamy
some societies allow a person to have several spouses at the same time in an arrangement known as:
it separated work and home and created new roles for men and women
structural changes brought on by the industrial revolution had major consequences for families. one of the primary mechanisms that explains these consequences?
second shift
the domestic duties that still fall disproportionately on working women's shoulders are labeled by Hochschild (1989) as the:
secularism
the trend in industrial nations toward a separation btwn church and state, a belief in rationality and science, and the movement away from religiosity and spiritual belief is known as:
worship of god or gods, Hinduism and Islam
theism is the _______; examples of it include ___________..
Episcopalian
there have been a greater number of _________ presidents of the US than of any other denomination of Christianity
short, frank church services that last 50 minutes or less
to what does the so-called drive-through church refer?
their parents are better able to obtain help for them, as in SAT prep courses and extra tutoring if they are doing poorly in school
what might be a reason that upper-status students score higher on SATs?
Brown vs. Board of Education
what was the name of the landmark court ruling that mandated desegregation of american schools?
the cult of domesticity
what was the notion that true womanhood centers on domestic responsibilities and child rearing is known as:
if a parent has confidence in social settings, he or she may be better able to advocate for children in front of the social board or at parent-teacher meetings
which embodied cultural capital that parents have may work with institutional cultural capital. which of the following illustrates this?
India
which nation practices a rigid adherence to endogamy?
husbands and wives were partners, not only in making a home but also in making a living
which of the following characterized the preindustrial family?
a religious body that coexists with its surroundings with little tension
which of the following defines a church?
an increase in real wages
which of the following factors contributed to the development of the ideal of the traditional family (male breadwinner and female homemaker) in post-world war II America?
students have been in small classes are less likely to have discipline problems when they are subsequently placed in regular-sized classes
which of the following is NOT a finding of research examining the effects of class size on educational achievement?
determining which religions possess and profess absolute truths
which of the following is NOT a way that sociologists study religion?
tracking benefits children with less advantaged backgrounds, but only if their parents can advocate on their behalf to get them into college-preparatory tracks
which of the following is NOT an argument AGAINST tracking in schools?
systems of tracking socialized students to the inequalities they will encounter in american society
which of the following is NOT an argument in support of tracking schools?
schools are the one place where all children, despite their family background, can move up in the year
which of the following is NOT an argument that would be made by a conflict theorist?
religion can justify unequal and unfair differences between groups in society
which of the following is a negative social function of religion?
they are on the rise in the US and worldwide
which of the following is true regarding single-parent families in the US and worldwide?
a tendency among teens to participate in multiple congregations in order to explore the market
which of the following reflects the growing trend of buy and return activity, or religious shopping, in reference to faith?
the traditional family was unique to a particular time in history (1950s) and can really be viewed as an aberration
which of the following statements most accurately describes the notion of traditional family (stay-at-home mom and working father) in U.S. history?
the proportion of women who choose not have children is on the rise
which of the following trends is true in the western world today?
armies
which of the following was NOT a social resource of black church communities that Dr. Martin Luther King, Js., was able to draw upon?
how are religious beliefs patterned by social forces?
which question is a sociologist of religion most likely to ask?
when social class characteristics are controlled for, test score gaps btwn black and white students shrink, black students have a higher high school graduation rate, and black students are less likely to be held back a grade
with regard to research on the effects of race and social class on education outcomes, which of the following is true?
the leisure gap
working wives generally get less leisure time than their husbands. this is known as: