Sociology Chapter 12

Polygamy

A system of marriage that allows people to have more than one spouse at a time, is practiced among some subcultures around the world, but is not widely acknowledged as a legitimate form of marriage.

Polyandry

A system of marriage that allows women to have multiple husbands, is a more rare form of polygamy.

Domestic Violence

Is by far the most common form of family violence. It includes behaviors abusers use to gain and maintain power over their victims. Abuse can be: Physical Verbal Financial Sexual Psychological

According to sociologists, a Family

Is defined as a social group whose members are bound by legal, biological, or emotional ties, or a combination of all three.

Kin

Is defined as relatives or relations, usually those related by common descent.

Propinquity

Is the tendency to marry or have relationships with people in close geographic proximity.

Homogamy

Means "like marries like," and is demonstrated by the fact that we tend to choose mates who are similar to us in class, race, ethnicity, age, religion, education, and even levels of attractiveness.

The unpaid labor inside the home that is often expected of women after they get home from working at paid labor outside the home is called a. gendered work. b. instrumental work. c. a resistance strategy. d. the second shift.

d. the second shift.

Structural Functionalism views the Family

As one of the basic institutions that keeps society running smoothly by providing functions such as producing and socializing children, economic production, instrumental and emotional support, and sexual control.

Nuclear Family

Is a heterosexual couple with one or more children living in a single household.

Cohabitation

Living together as a romantically involved, unmarried couple.

Custody

Physical and legal responsibility for children, assigned by a court.

Cycle of Violence in Abusive Relationships

Stage one: Relationship seems normal. Stage two: The victim "walks on eggshells" to avoid arguments. Stage three: Acute battering and violence occur, lasting for seconds, hours, or even days. The abuser blames the victim. Stage four: The abuser apologizes profusely and promises that it will never happen again.

Symbolic Interactionist pertaining to Family

Symbolic interactionists examine the types of social dynamics and interactions that create and sustain families, emphasizing the ways that our experiences of family bonds are socially created rather than naturally existing.

Second Shift

Unpaid labor inside the home that is often expected of women after they get home from working at paid labor outside the home.

Polygyny

Which is a system of marriage that allows men to have multiple wives, is a more common form of polygamy.

The prohibition of interracial marriage, cohabitation, or sexual interaction is called a. antimiscegenation. b. antifulcrumation. c. anti-internization. d. antipolygamation.

a. antimiscegenation.

The fact that people tend to marry someone from a similar social class background demonstrates a. endogamy. b. polygyny. c. polyandry. d. exogamy.

a. endogamy. Marriage to someone within one's social group.

Which of the following is NOT a current trend in the population of American families? a. There are more single people. b. There are more married couples. c. More people are cohabitating. d. Modern families include a greater variety of structures, like new partners, ex-spouses, and stepchildren.

b. There are more married couples.

Extended Family

Is a large group of relatives, usually including at least three generations living either in one household or in close proximity.

Neglect

A form of child abuse in which the caregiver fails to provide adequate nutrition, sufficient clothing or shelter, or hygienic and safe living conditions.

The U.S. Census Bureau defines Family

As two or more individuals related by blood, marriage, or adoption living in the same household.

Elder Abuse

Can include violence and abuse, as well as financial exploitation, theft, neglect, and abandonment.

Conflict Theory pertaining to Family

Conflict theorists believe that society revolves around conflict over scarce resources, and that conflict within the family is also about the competition for resources: time, energy, and the leisure to pursue recreational activities.

Antimiscegenation Laws

From the time of slavery through the 1960s, many states had (the prohibition of interracial marriage, cohabitation, or sexual interaction).

Incest

Proscribed sexual contact between family members; this is a form of child abuse when it occurs between a child and a caregiver.

Expressive Tasks

Refer to the emotional work necessary to support family members (such as remembering a relative's birthday or playing with the children).

Instrumental Tasks

Refer to the practical physical tasks necessary to maintain family life (such as washing dishes and cutting grass).

Exogamy

Refers to marriage to someone from a different social group.

Endogamy

Refers to marriage to someone within one's social group (such as race, ethnicity, class, education, religion, region, or nationality).

Monogamy

The practice of marrying (or being in a relationship with) one person at a time, is still considered the only legal form of marriage in modern western culture.

How do contemporary sociologists define family? a. relatives or relations, usually those related by common descent b. a social group whose members are bound by legal, biological, or emotional ties, or a combination of all three c. two or more individuals related by blood, marriage, or adoption living in the same household d. a two-parent household with children

b. a social group whose members are bound by legal, biological, or emotional ties, or a combination of all three