Sociology chapter 3 & guided reading

Status

"I am a socially defined position in a group or in society."

Achieved status

"I am acquired through a person's own direct efforts."

Ascribed

"I am assigned according to qualities beyond a person's control."

Master status

"I take rank above all others of my type."

Wars, disagreements within similar groups, legal disputes, ideology clashes (religion or political ideas) - not always negative- can reinforce boundaries that can be forgotten about, can also strengthen loyalty within groups

4 sources of conflict

Exchange, cooperation, conflict, competition, accommodation

5 types/reasons of social interaction

Exchange

A person providing directions to someone who is lost

Mediation

A third party is used to mediate and help two parties in conflict or competition come to an understanding

Arbitration

A third party makes a decision that is binding on both parties involved in competition or conflict, used when negotiation and mediation fails

Master status

Achieved or ascribed status that plays the greatest role in shaping ones personality and social identity

Ascribed status

An ASSIGNED status based on qualities and characteristics that the individual does not have control over

Role conflict

An employee and a parent needing both to go to work and to take care of a sick child is experiencing __________

Status

Being a student, a daughter, a sister, an African American,and a member of a sports team are all examples of __________

Exchange theory

Belief that people are motivated by self-interest when interacting with others

Role sets

Each of us, because we hold more than one status, must deal with many __________ in our daily lives

Accommodation

Employers and labor unions settling wage disputes through a third party

patients from getting sick

Examples of role performance

Exchange theory

Explains that people interact with others mainly to serve their own self-interest

Compromise, truce, mediation, arbitration

Four types of accommodation

Role conflict

Fulfilling role expectations of one status makes it hard to fulfill role expectations of other statuses

Role set

Group of different roles that assigned to a single status

Reciprocity

Idea that if you do something for someone, that person owes you something in return

Conflict

One business attempting to undermine a rival business

Cooperation

People coming together to build houses for the homeless

Achieved status

Status ACQUIRED through their own direct efforts

Social status

Statuses and roles that guide interaction

Truce

Temporary agreement that brings a half to the competition or conflict

Role

The behavior expected of someone occupying a particular status

Role set

The different roles attached to a single status

Role exit

The process people go through to detach from a role

Competition

Two basketball teams playing for the championship title

Compromise

Two parties at odd ends each giving something to come to a mutual agreement, long lasting or permanent

Ascribed, achieved, master

What are the 3 types of statuses?

Role strain

When a person has difficulty meeting the role expectations of a single status

Competition

When two or more people or groups oppose each other to achieve a goal that only one can attain

Achieved status

__________ are based on an individual's abilities, efforts, or accomplishments

Accommodation

a state of balance between cooperation and conflict

Role performances

actual behaviors that happen within a status

Conflict

deliberate attempt to control someone by force, to oppose someone, or to harm another - main emphasis is to defeat the other person/ group involved in the conflict - few rules of conduct to follow- followed even less often

Role strain

difficulties meeting a role expectation of a single status - sometimes due to meeting separate role expectations of the same status

Role

expected behavior of someone occupying a particular status - multiple roles assigned to a single status

Exchange

interaction by people in an effort to receive a return, normally a reward, for their actions - most common form of social interaction; happens almost daily

Social structure

network of interrelated statues and roles that guide ones social interaction

Status

socially defined position in a group or in a society - social categories - define how and why others fit into society

Role expectations

specific behaviors expected based on particular status

Accommodation

status of balance cooperation and conflict or competition - helps ensure social stability - give a little, take a little- compromise

Competition

two or more people or groups that oppose each other to achieve something only one of them can attain - much more common in Western societies - rules of accepted conduct while in competition - main emphasis is achieving the goal both groups are trying to attain

Cooperation

two or more people or groups work together to achieve a goal that benefits more than one person - often used with other forms of interaction - often can turn into competition or conflict - no group can achieve tasks or goals without cooperation

Role conflict

when fulfilling the role expectations of one status makes it difficult to fulfill the role expectations of another status

Cooperation

when two or more people or groups work together to achieve a goal that will benefit more than one person