Sociology - Quiz 8

With respect to current cost of living data, it requires roughly _______ per year for a typical family of four (2 adults, 2 children) in the local Canton/Massillon metropolitan area to secure a modest yet adequate standard of living. $40, 000 $50, 000 $60, 000 $70, 000 $80, 000

$70, 000

Which of the following is an example of polarization? The job market of employment opportunities is increasing in the lowest economic levels and also in the highest economic levels. A professional career is guaranteed after earning a college degree. Unemployment is down for those with PhDs and those without a high school education. The recession has encouraged many workers to earn their associate degrees.

The job market of employment opportunities is increasing in the lowest economic levels and also in the highest economic levels.

Since the social classes in the United States do not have any clear boundaries, how is a sociologist supposed to determine whether their subjects are in the upper class or the upper-middle class? All upper class people enjoy opera and have been bred for their stations while the upper-middle class consists mostly of newly wealthy people who may not have had the same kind of upbringing. In the upper class, everyone knows everyone, but in the upper-middle class, the people do not comingle. Upper class is often defined as having control over one's life and the lives of people around you, while the upper-middle class is often defined as having control only over one's own life. The upper class is split into "old money" and "new money" people, while the upper-middle class simply struggles to maintain its wealth.

Upper class is often defined as having control over one's life and the lives of people around you, while the upper-middle class is often defined as having control only over one's own life.

According to a functionalist perspective (the Davis-Moore thesis), a Starbucks barista would not need to be heavily rewarded with higher wages and/or benefits but a medical doctor does need such increased compensation because ______. an unskilled barista position is easily filled by other workers without years of specialized education Starbucks workers are not unionized, but people in the medical profession usually are barista positions are usually filled by teenagers, but physicians are usually adults with families to support no one really needs coffee anyway, but everyone needs medicine

an unskilled barista position is easily filled by other workers without years of specialized education

A(n) ______ system is a form of stratification in which social rank is ascribed at birth so that children are locked into their parents' social position and there is little possibility for movement into another social rank. caste stationary immobile class

caste

The theoretical perspective of ______ is most likely to point out that working class parents are more likely than middle or upper class parents to have children removed during Child Protective Services investigations (even when the accused behavior is similar) because low-income parents have access to fewer economic, educational, and legal resources for dealing with such charges. conflict theory symbolic interactionism functionalism feminism

conflict theory

The complex category of social class is more than just an economic reflection of what people earn or what kind of things they can afford to purchase. Social class has these broad dimensions: economic, political, cultural, social cultural, educational, economic, social political, economic, educational, religious religious, educational, economic, racial

economic, political, cultural, social

Keshawn used to work for an IT company in Baltimore, but lost his job when his company decided to use workers in New Delhi instead. This is an example of: outsourcing polarization automation technology gap

outsourcing

By 2009, America had suffered several consecutive quarters of economic decline. This indicates to existence of a _______. capital rebuttal recession depression recovery

recession

Based on Marx's perspective, how many distinct social classes exist? six four none, society is classless two

two

Which statement best represents the effects of social class from the perspective of symbolic interactionism? Men often earn more than women, even with the same education and working the same job. Teachers continue to struggle to keep benefits such as health insurance. Firefighters earn high wages and have benefits because their job is more highly valued. A janitor would likely feel more comfortable eating in a truck stop diner than a fine-dining restaurant.

A janitor would likely feel more comfortable eating in a truck stop diner than a fine-dining restaurant.

Which of the following is not an example of underemployment? After college graduation, Marcus could only find work part-time as a bartender. After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them. Following the recession, Ellen lost her fulltime job as a PR assistant and found part-time work as a cosmetic sales associate. When John's sales job is outsourced he's forced to take work as a janitor to pay off his student loans.

After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them.

Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living? Income Employment Class All of the above

All of the above

Hope is desperate for the new designer purse that she saw while window shopping at her local mall. She knew every girl in school would covet her bag and wish to be like her. When she walked in, she whipped out her credit card, and purchased the $5,000 bag. This kind of purchasing is called: Credit card consumerism Designer consumerism Conspicuous consumption Popular consumerism

Conspicuous consumption

Many Americans who receive aid from public programs and incentives — such as farm subsidies, student loans, mortgage tax breaks, etc — don't actually recognize that they are getting assistance from the government, just the same as those who receive social welfare benefits such as food stamps or Medicaid. This pattern can be described as the ______. A. labeling process of meritocracy B. middle-class squeeze C. assistance invisibility of class D. double standard of poverty

D. double standard of poverty

In 2008 the United States, as well as the rest of the world, felt the effects of the recession. After the collapse of the housing market, people lost their jobs and they quit spending money. Many people could not afford their mortgages anymore and their homes went into foreclosure. For many people, it was a time of __________. Horizontal mobility Social stratification Downward mobility Social inconsistency

Downward mobility

Which of the following industries is not projected to experience growth within the United States within the next 10 years? Financial Healthcare Community and Social Service Farming, Fishing, and Forestry

Farming, Fishing, and Forestry

Which of the following is not a sociological explanation for why Americans tend to be reluctant to discuss social class in the United States? If there is a social class system, then there must be types of inequality that cannot be easily explained by individual traits alone. Social class is so embedded everywhere in the social fabric that it simultaneously may be hard to see and define specific elements. It goes against ideal American cultural values to recognize that people belong to different social classes. Social class is an individual lifestyle choice that people consciously select and embrace.

Social class is an individual lifestyle choice that people consciously select and embrace.

Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today? World War I The Industrial Revolution The Fall of the British Empire The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution