Sociology Test 2
All master statuses are achieved statuses
False
Mead's theory of personal development is based on the image that we present to those around us, the reactions of these people, and way that we interpret these reactions.
False
The amount of personal space people require is a cultural universal that is consistent from one culture to the next.
False
The research of the Harlows demonstrated that the key to mother-child bonding is the ability of the mother to provide food and other nutrition to the offspring.
False
Which statement regarding status is most accurate?
Status provides the guidelines for how we are to act and feel.
Jane is a 49-year-old woman of Irish-German descent. What do these characteristics have in common?
These are examples of her ascribed statuses.
What is the proposed source of the six specific emotions that Paul Ekman identified as being present in all cultures?
They are a product of our genes.
If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. This classic statement is known as the ________.
Thomas theorem
Conflict theorists and functionalists would most likely focus on such things as social class and group relationships and would use the macrosociological approach.
True
Cooley's conclusions about the looking-glass self appear to be true for people around the world.
True
Mead emphasized that in order to learn to take the role of the "other" a child must pass through three stages - imitation, play, and team game.
True
The difference between role and status is that we occupy a status and play a role.
True
People and groups that influence our orientation to life - our self-concept, emotions, attitudes, and behaviors - are called ________.
agents of socialization
Facial expressions, posture, and gestures are all examples of ________.
body language
An approach to social interaction in which social life is analyzed in terms of the stage is called ________.
dramaturgy
What term is used to describe children who are assumed to have been raised by animals in the wilderness and isolated from other children, such as the "wild boy of Aveyron"?
feral
What two sociological perspectives are most linked to macrosociology?
functionalism and the conflict perspective
What term would Mead use to refer to the norms, values, attitudes, and expectations of the public?
generalized others
George Herbert Mead theorized that learning to take the role of the other entails three stages - the ________ stage, ________stage, and ________ stage.
imitation; play; team games
What are the three primary variables in determining one's social class?
income, education, occupational prestige
Based on studies of isolated and institutionalized children, what is the key variable in acquiring the basic "human" traits we take for granted?
intimate early social interaction
What did the Harlow experiment conclude as being the key to infant-mother bonding?
intimate social contact
Hilda is studying at the library. She has placed her coat on the chair next to her and has spread books in front of the other chairs. Hilda is trying to extend her ________ so others do not invade it.
personal space
Morris is 3 years old and is just beginning to talk. He can count to 10 but is not altogether sure what numbers actually mean. According to Piaget, Morris is in the ________ stage.
preoperational
Jean Piaget's use of the term "operational" is most aligned with the concept of ________.
reasoning skills
A young woman is contemplating a particular behavior, in this case, dropping out of college. She is also considering an awareness of the self in relationship to others to avoid feelings of shame and embarrassment. This is referred to as her ________.
social mirror
What concept do sociologists refer to when they say that "society makes us human"?
socialization
Because of his incredibly accelerated study program, Professor Zuchov has the unique privilege of being a 17-year-old university professor. Sociologically, this is an example of ________.
status inconsistency
Bumper stickers such as "Proud Parent of an Honor Student" and "Warning: This Driver Convicted of DUI" are best described as being ________.
status symbols
Signs that identify a position in society that someone occupies are referred to as ________.
status symbols
Believing that all football players are academically challenged, that all African Americans are great athletes, and that all women can cook well are examples of ________.
stereotyping
In the "nature versus nurture" argument regarding socialization, the "nurture" component refers to ________.
the social environment
Which of the following traits is least likely to be linked to "nature" (heredity) and most likely linked to "nurture" (the social environment)?
vocational choice
The difference between status and role is that ________.
we occupy a status that is a social position, but we play a role that is a social expectation