Sociology

Bill is a sociologist who studies poverty. He understands that an individual's poverty status is the result of larger economic situations and unemployment rates in the local community rather than the individual's personal problem. Bill is utilizing

sociological imagination.

Stephanie is a best-selling author of children's books. While she makes a very good income, she has very little power or prestige. This is an example of

status inconsistency.

Jane Addams co-founded _____ in 1889.

the Hull House

In her research project, Megan is measuring age, gender, GPA, and study habits. Age, gender, GPA and study habits are examples of

variables.

Sociologists use which of the following dimensions as indicators of social stratification?

wealth

Raymond earns $58,000 annually at his full-time job. This salary is part of Raymond's

wealth.

The Gray family owns several large pieces of land in the country. The land that they own is part of the Gray family's

wealth.

For DuBois, the problem of the twentieth century was

"the color line."

India outlawed the caste system in _____, but caste divisions are still deeply embedded in the culture.

1949

In the U.S., the top one percent of U.S. households has _____ of all wealth.

36%

_____ is a set of statements that explain why a phenomenon occurs.

A theory

Which of the following is true regarding social research being value free?

Although the topic selection may be subjective, the research must maintain objectivity when collecting, analyzing and interpreting data.

_____ saw sociology as the scientific study of two aspects of society: social statics and social dynamics.

Auguste Comte

_____, who coined the term "sociology," is also known as the "father of sociology."

Auguste Comte

Identify the correct order of Indian castes (from highest to lowest):

Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, Dalits

According to sociologists, human behavior is a product of "free will."

False

Conflict theorists see society as cooperative and harmonious.

False

Harriet Martineau was the first American woman who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

False

In the United States, suicide rates are higher among women than men.

False

Maria broke up with Carlos because he was more interested in sex than emotional intimacy. For a symbolic interactionist, the breakup reflects macro-level factors.

False

Sociology can help us think critically, but has limited value in making personal decisions.

False

Sociology is just common sense.

False

Weber argued that sociologists cannot be value free in their research.

False

Which of the following sociologists was instrumental in the development of symbolic interactionism?

George Herbert Mead

_____, who was critical of the system of slavery, was a pioneering feminist.

Harriet Martineau

This early sociologist published extensively in the United States on topics such as social disorganization, immigration, and urban neighborhoods.

Jane Addams

_____ refers to people's intended and recognized activities in a society.

Manifest functions

According to _____, individual behavior is influenced by social factors.

Mills

_____ is the ability of individuals or groups to achieve goals, control events, and maintain influence over others despite opposition.

Power

According to the textbook, which of the following is the best definition of "sociology?"

Sociology is the systematic study of social interaction at a variety of levels.

_____ focuses on personal interactions and subjective meanings.

Symbolic Interactionism

Which of the following is the correct order of the stages of the scientific method?

Topic selection, literature review, formulate hypothesis, collect data, analyze results

A sociological imagination helps to understand the relationship between individual behavior and larger social influences.

True

According to Marx, both capitalists and workers are often alienated from society.

True

Division of labor occurs when specialized experts perform specific tasks.

True

Functionalists ask, "How do social institutions contribute to society?"

True

Macrosociology focuses on social structure and large-scale patterns of society.

True

Much of contemporary functionalism grew out of the work of Auguste Comte and Émile Durkheim.

True

Using a cell phone while driving increases the risk of being in a car accident three fold.

True

This early sociologist helped to found the NAACP and was himself a prominent black sociologist.

W.E.B. DuBois

In open stratification systems, social classes are based on _____ statuses.

achieved

Unlike most other research methods, evaluation research is

applied.

Martin Luther King, Jr. is an example of an individual with ________, a source of power.

charisma

Lindsey and Tobias decided to study how children's books present diverse family structures. Lindsey and Tobias read and coded 25 children's books and noted what type of family structure was illustrated in the text and pictures. Lindsey and Tobias were using which method of data collection?

content analysis

In the classic experimental design, there are two groups: the _____ group and the _____ group.

control; experimental

Unlike income, wealth is typically

cumulative.

A college professor is higher on the prestige scale that which of the following occupations?

dentist

Comte believed that sociology must be based on

empirical evidence, such as experiments and observations.

Dr. Porter was interested in determining whether her new teaching techniques were effectively improving student engagement. Dr. Porter will likely use which method of data collection?

evaluation research

To measure the effectiveness of their new public programs, ________ is used in both public and private sectors.

evaluation research

Aaron was interested in whether students with a tutor were more successful in class than students without a tutor. Aaron likely used which method of data collection?

experiment

A carefully controlled artificial situation that allows researchers to manipulate variables and measure their effects is called a/n

experiment.

In the _______group, participants are exposed to the independent variable.

experimental group

In the classic experimental design, the _____ is exposed to the independent variable (treatment), while the control group is not.

experimental group

Abbey was interested in researching the effects of physical environment on the behavior of studying. She observed two groups - one group where students were studying outside on the campus quad, and another group who studied in the library. Abbey is using which method of data collection?

experiments

Kevin views society as a system of interrelated parts, while Patrick views society as composed of groups competing for scarce resources. Kevin would be considered a _____ theorist and Patrick would be seen as a _____ theorist.

functionalist; conflict

Jane Addams was largely ignored by her colleagues at the University of Chicago because

gender discrimination was rampant.

Social research examines

human behavior.

Bill Gates earns both a salary and dividends on his stocks. Bill's dividends and salary make up his

income.

While the U.S. economy has expanded since the late 1960s, income inequality has

increased.

Jennifer studies how welfare policies affect working families. Jennifer is a _____-sociologist.

macro

More prestigious occupations involve

more abstract thought and mental activity than low prestige occupations.

More prestigious occupations require

more formal education than low prestige occupations.

The United States is an example of a/n

open stratification system.

Unlike income, wealth can be

passed on to the next generation.

According to C. Wright Mills, the _____ make/s all of the important decisions in society.

power elite

The respect, recognition, or regard attached to a social position is called

prestige.

In the classic experimental design, the researcher measures the dependent variable both before the introduction of the independent variable, the _____, and again after the experimental group is exposed to the independent variable, the _____.

pretest; posttest

A group of people who have similar social standing based on wealth, property, education, power, and/or prestige is called a/n

social class.

According to Durkheim, _____ are measurable aspects of social life, external to the individual.

social facts