Southern Europe

microstates

Are small countries

Balkan, Greece

At the southern tip of the __________ penincula lies ________. A country that is made up of many peninsulas, islands and rugged mountains.

civil war

Conflict between groups inside a country

reconquista

Cristian rulers in Iberia fought to push the Moors off the Iberian peninsula in a 500 year struggle called the

Alps

Italy is separated from the rest of Europe by the

Francisco Franco (nationalist)

The democratic forces lost the war and a dictator named ____ ruled Spain from 1939 to 1975

roman empire

The expansion of the _________ helped spread culture, language, laws, architecture and christianity troughout Europe

1896, international peace

The modern olympic games began in _____ as an efffort to promote ________

italian automobiles, designer clothes and fine foods

The most famous of these products are

arts, government, philosophy, science, sports

The people of ancient Greece made many great contributions to ______

unemployment

The south has high poverty and ________ rates

the north is rich and industrial the south is poorer and more agricultural

There are 2 main economic regions in Italy.

San Marino

There are a number of microstates located throughout Europe. __________ in west central Italy may be Europe's oldest country

southwestern united states

They explored much of South and Central America and ruled what is now the _

olives, citrus fruits, grapes

This region produces foods such as

football or soccer as it is called in the usa

This sport began in Europe and has now become the world's biggest sport

Apennine mnts

What mountain range is found in Italy?

Pyrenees

What mountain range is found in Spain?

Alps

What mountain range is the highest in Europe?

??

What the name of the area controlled by the invaders from North Africa

a natural boundary / geographical boundary

What type of boundary would the alps be

more developed: Spain, Italy less developed: Greece (natural resources are limited/ slow to develop) The global economic downturn at the beginning of the 21st century had a major impact on the subregion

Which countries of Southern Europe have more developed economies and which have the least developed. Why?

Glacial movement in the last ice age did not reach Southern Europe's peninsulas. As a result the landforms of these countries lack the natural lakes or reservoirs. Another factor is that the climate is drier there.

Why are there not many lakes or reservoirs in Southern Europe?

you make more money mass producing technology

Why is the north wealthier?

industrialized

Greece is becoming an ______ country

25,000

Humans have occupied the Iberian Peninsula for at least ___ years

Tiber river

Italy's second largest river that has great historical significance. It is the primary water source for the capital Rome

Greek Orthodox Christian

Language and Religion of Greek

architecture sculpture (realism and perspective) <-- renaissance

List and describe 2 types of art work from Southern Europe

copper (Portugal) coal, tin, and tungsten (Spain) hydroelectricity (Spain/Italy/Greece)

Major natural resources in Southern Europe

450

More than ____ million people speak spanish today

immigration

Most of Italy's population growth is from

roman catholic, italian

Most people in Italy are _____ and speak _____

seafaring country

Much of Spain is surrounded by water which at one time made Spain a _____

1943, allied forces

Mussolini was overthrown in _____ and Italy was later controlled by _________

Italy, Mediterranean

Occupies the boot shaped peninsula that stretches southward from the middle of Europe into the ____ Sea.

pollution, smog, traffic. Threatens the health

Problems facing this city include

renaissance

Rebirth, the period in European civilization characterized by a surge of interest in classical learning and values

complementary

Relationship b/w 2 places in which 1 produces something the other needs, resulting in an exchange

Iberian peninsula or Iberia

Spain and Portugal share the ____

Iberian peninsula Italian peninsula Balkan peninsula

3 major peninsulas that make up Southern Europe

massif

A body of mountain ranges formed by fault-line activity

ancient Syria

A common turkish dish, such as baklava, a honey based pastry and gyros are believed to have originated in ____

pollution hot spot

A location where pollution and other human activities have led to the degradation or even death of an ecosystem

renaissance

A period of rebirth in art, and learning that occurred from the 14th to the 17th centuries in Europe

Monaco

A port city famous for its car racing and gambling

plaza

A square surrounded by public buildings. In spanish cities, these places serve as social gathering places.

democratic

After Franco's death, Spain transitioned to a ____ system of gov

Coastal plains

Agriculture mainly takes place in

tungsten

An extremely rare heavy metal element essential in high tech industry

city-state

An independently governed community consisting of a city and the surrounding lands, notably present in ancient Greece

marine west coast to the north and the warm mediterranean climate of Italy and the Balcans to the south. Warm, dry summers and rainy winters. The coastal areas are covered in chaparral or shrubs and shrub trees drought resistance.

Describe the climate and biomes (plants/animals) or Southern Europe

Costa Del Sol

Formerly made up only of a series of small fishing settlements, today the region is a world renowned tourist destination in the south of Spain

cooking.

Greece's long history of foreign rule influenced in ___

monoculture

Growing 1 crop over vast areas of land

Romani

Gypsies were an ethnic group that wandered into Europe long ago from India. Most live in poverty making their lives through beging on the streets

Italy

Has one of the lowest bithrates in the world

totalitarian

His form of gov was similar to the rule of Hitler and Mussolini in Italy. What is that type of gov called?

Its located as a geographic crossroad for the cultures surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. The second is the historic events that occurred as a place where civil societies first formed rep gov elected by the people. As a result of empires and territorial control, the countries share roots in language, religion and arts

How Southern Europe is culturally dominated by 2 legacies

It can use up dissolved oxygen in the water killing fish and other marine life. Toxins produced by some algae blooms can kill marine life and humans who consume the affected marine life

How are algae blooms affecting Southern Europe's waterways?

Mediterranean action plan / European environmental agency world wildlife fund / earth watch/ nature conservancy work to solve problems including industrial pollution, algae blooms and soil erosion. The forest stewardship council protects forest biomes

How are the governments and other nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) addressing the environmental issues in Southern Europe?

money / revenue

How do sports bring countries and cultures together?

increase in quality of life demands for necessary labor are being met by immigrants raising a child is expensive, many choose not to have kids aging population is straining the social welfare of countries

How has the quality of life changed in Southern Europe? list 4 ways

its usualy = long, dry summers and wet, mild winters. Changes in global climate have made summers unpredictable (droughts and others produce unseasonable rain) resulting in excessive soil erosion. The Alps and Pyrenees normally experience sufficient snowfall sinking and forests of coniferous trees are being attacked by insects that flourish in warmer temperature

How is climate change affecting Southern Europe in terms of soil and ecosystems?

cultural diffusion, migration

How might soccer have spread to other cultures from Europe?

monarchy, democratic

However by the 1800s Spain lost almost all of its overseas empires by wars fought over which type of gov Spain should have. Some wanted a ____ and others wanted a ____ gov

Granada, christianity

In 1492 the Moors surrendered in _____ in the south of spain and _______ has dominated the peninsula ever since

moors, islamic, irrigation, crops

In the A.D. 700'x Arabic people called the ______ invaded Iberia from North Africa bringing with them the _____ religion, new ______ techniques and new _____

Benito Mussolini, Germany

In the early 1920's, a dictator named ________ took control of Italy's government and formed an alliance with _________ during WWII

Gibraltar

Is strategically important because there is a british military base there that protects Europe

Vatican city

Is the administrative center of the Catholic church about the size of a large US high school

Sicily and Sardina

Italy also includes the islands of

1861

Italy didn't become the country that we know today until ____

allies

Italy fought on the side of the _____ in the WWI.

France, United Kingdom

Italy has a D=GDP similar to that of ____ and the _______ because of the agricultural and manufactured products that are sold around the world.

fascism

Mussolini's form of gov was ___, which is a totalitarian government ruled by a dictator who advocates violence and exercises full control over its citizens

2, with winter and summer games alternating.

Olympic games are held every _______ years

Don Quixote

One of the most famous novels of Spanish history, that is about a farmer who believed he was a knight

celts, greeks, phoenicians, romans

Other groups such the _____, ____, _____ and the _____ all once ruled parts of Spain

Vatican city, Monaco, Andorra in the Pyrenees and Liechenstein located between Austria and Switzerland.

Other microstates are

Renaissance

Renewed interest in arts, politics, science and philosophy. There was wealth and stability. Life was like that during the ____

Ciritavecchia

Significant port and naval harbor for Rome that is on the lower part of the Tiber river

NATO, EU

Since WWII, Italy's economy and industries have grown and today Italy is a member of ____ and the ____

Spain

Southern Europe's largest country in area, that covers 85 pervent of Iberia

worldwide empire

Spain had a strong navy and used that navy to build a _______

olive oil, wine

Spain is the leading producer of ______ and ____ in Southern Europe.

2,500

The Olympic games began over ______ years ago as a communal greek festival and competition.

Athens

The capital,largest city of Greece and birthplace of democracy

Rome, 1 million

The city of ______ was the center of the Roman Empire and had more than ______ people.

moderate climate. Mediterranean climate (warm suny summers, cold mild winters)

Type of climate in Greece

Greece

Was the site of one of Europe's earliest and most advanced civilizations which can be traced back more than 2,500 years.

Ancient Greece, 400 B.C. (democracy, city states and Sparta) Roman Republic, 27 B.C. (largest empire, resurgence 200 years later)

What 2 ancient civilizations come from Southern Europe and when did they reach their peak

development associated with tourism causes major damage to coastal ecosystems, loss of natural habitat, overuse of freshwater resources, as well as pollution and waste. Waste magagement issues, cruise ships (oil spills, oil pullutants) pollution hot spots (don't support marine life/water is warmer and more vulnerable to the development of algae)

What are the environmental concerns in terms of tourism in Southern Europe?

if they can afford all the infrastructure, have transportation, restaurants and places for everyone to come

What criteria might the international olympic committee look for in a city

traffic pollution, overbuilding in the scenic areas

What has tourism done to the environment there

Italian women have achieved a high level of gender equality. They enjoy access to higher education and success in business. But integration of women into italian politics suffers from a long period of male dominance and poor attitudes toward the contributions of qualified women. They have a family centered culture

What is life like for women in Southern Europe?

??

What is the term for multiple groups occupying the same area over time? hint: think UK

too much national debt too high unemployment too much gov spending Tensions have grown as the EU has provided special assitance to the Southern Europe members through loans and subsides

What issues are the Southern Europe countries facing in therms of the EU?

The population of Italy, Spain and Greece are aging and birthrates are not high enough to replace the current generation. There will be more older people than younger and as the older people die, the population will decline

Why is Southern Europe's population predicted to decline soon?

tourism

Why would a city want to host the games?