Sports Management Test 1

Scientific Management (Taylorism)

"One best way". Entices with economic reward.

Sports Business Revenue in US

$214 Billion

Cost of Superbowl Commercial

$4 Million

Valid Contract

-Offer and acceptance (mutual assent) -Consideration (value) -Capacity -Legality (subject matter legal and not against public policy)

Pass-by Interview

-On-site interview in heavy traffic areas such as malls. -San Jose Sharks logo and color changed as a result of PBI.

Club

-Organize, sponsor and promote local events. -Entry only if member. -Volunteer Management.

Pro Tournament

-Private groups set eligibility. -Relies on sponsors. -Even is focus, not just sport.

League

-Run like business. -Financial risk. -Strict rules. -Small leagues. -Equal footing.

Color Barrier in Negro League Baseball

1920

First Women's Baseball Team

1943

Color Barrier in MLB

1947

Roone Arledge

ABC Monday Night Football. Combined entertainment and sports for prime time TV.

Tort

An injury as result of another's improper conduct.

Fred Corcoran

Architect of Golf Tournament

First Ancient Olympics

BC 776

Victorian Era's Effect on Baseball

Believed that strong athletic character meant strong moral character. Cleaned up the game: no beer in parks, no games on Sunday. Caused racism because of "biological disadvantages".

Contract Breach

Breaking a promise in the contract.

Jackie Robinson

Broke color barrier in MLB.

Althea Gibson

Broke color barrier in tennis. First African American woman to join the LPGA

Billie Jean King

Broke gender barrier in tennis.

Relationship Marketing

Building mutually satisfying long term relations with parties. Ex: Loyal fan gift rewards, special access to players and info.

Antitrust Law

Cannot make contracts, combinations or conspiracies that restrain trade. Prohibits monopolies.

First Professional Baseball Team

Cincinnati Red Stockings

Appointed Leader

Coach

Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA)

Contract agreed on by players association and owners about hours, wages, and employment terms.

William Hulbert

Created National League of Professional Baseball Players. The "czar" of baseball.

Mark McCormack

Credited for inventing Sports Marketing. Late 1960s.

Gross Negligence

Defendant acts recklessly and fails to realize harm caused.

Human Relations Management

Emphasis on social factors.

Return on Investment (ROI)

Expected $$ value return on each alternate investment.

Andrew "Rube" Foster

Father of Black Baseball

Arthur Ashe

First black player ever selected to US Davis Cup team. Only black man to win singles titles at WImbledon, the US Open, and the Australian Open.

Matt Levine

Formalized customer research with audience audit, intercepts, focus groups, pass-by interviews. Pass-by interview changed San Jose Sharks colors and logo.

Christine Grant

Former president of Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) and championed Title IX.

Pierre de Coubertin

Founder of Modern Olympic games.

Organizational Politics

Four political tactics: -Coalitions -Outside experts -Links/Networks -Control information

History of the National League

Harness racing became popular and resulted in a non-profit orientated league with baseball. The National Association of Pro Baseball Players was formed in 1871 and required payment to elite players but still depended on patronage of well-off members and was very unstable. William Hulbert took over and renamed it to The National League of Pro Baseball players. Teams were now owned and run like businesses, teams compete not collude, strict rules, forced financial risk to owners, and regular scheduling. Therefore it was more stable.

Hawthorne Studies

Human Relations Management emphasizing feeling and worth.

Mary Parker Follet

Human Relations Management emphasizing partnership and cooperation.

Organizational Behavior

Human side of management and organizations.

Emergent Leader

Identified player

NASSM

National Association Society of Sports Management. -Promotes research and encourage scholarly study of sport management.

Effa Manley

Newark Eagles. First woman in baseball hall of fame. First modern female sport manager.

Ambush Marketing

Occurs when an organization misappropriates trademarks, logos, and goodwill of events or organization.

D.I.M. Process

One method to establish risk management program. 1) Develop risk management plan. 2) Implement plan. 3) Manage plan.

Judy Sweet

One of 1st AD.

Defendant

Person being sued or defending.

Plaintiff

Person suing or attacking.

Reserve System (baseball)

Prevented players from free agency until 1970s.

Types of Sport Marketing

Sport Broadcasting, Sponsorship, Promotional Strategies, Research.

Bill Veeck

Team must provide reasons other than game to attend sport events. 1. Greatest joy to greatest number. 2. Ensure pleasurable time. 3. Create conversation.

Buffy Filipell

Teamwork online.

Negligence

Unintentional tort. Most common.

Albert G. Spalding

Use of the word "official".

Mary Loud Youngblade

WSS & WISC

Contract

Written or oral agreement between two or more parties; creates legal obligation to fulfill promises.