structure names
Hexane
C6H14
Heptane
C7H16
Octane
C8H18
Nonane
C9H20
Propane
CH3CH2CH3
tert- butyl
three CH3 groups bonded to the initial carbon
Phenyl
when a benzene ring is bonded directly to the initial carbon branch
benzyl
when a benzene ring is carbon bonded to the second carbon of the branch
Cycloalkanes
-CnH2n -carbon atoms forming a ring -Numbered starting at the point of greatest substitution
What are the three steps to naming alkanes?
1) look at the longest chain 2) substitution strain stems from the lowest carbon number 3) name the substitution
Pentane
C5H12
decane
C10H22
Butane
C4H10
Ethane
CH3CH3
Methane
CH4
acyclic alkanes
CnH2n+2, contain only linear and branched chains of carbon atoms
isopropyl (i-Pr)
R- /-CH CH3CH3
butyl (n-Bu)
R- CH2CH2CH2CH3
propyl (n-pr)
R- CH2CH2CH3
Ethyl (Et)
R-CH2CH3
methyl (Me)
R-CH3
isobutyl (i-Bu)
branched 'Y' form carbon group connected to initial carbon
sec-butyl (s-Bu)
linear butane chain with 2nd carbon bonded to the initial carbon