Syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea

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RPR

After treatment for syphilis, the patient will always have antibodies, so this test will always be positive.

tertiary syphilis

Approximately 30 percent of people with untreated syphilis will develop to this stage within 10-30 years.

gonorrhea

Azithromycin in combination with ceftriaxone are used together to treat this STI.

pregnant, 25, new, multiple

Because chlamydia is often asymptomatic, the CDC recommends testing all women who are _____, younger than ___, or with a _____ sexual partner or _____ sexual partners.

dual therapy

Because gonorrhea and chlamydia often occur together, the CDC recommends _____ _____ if only one is detected.

gonorrhea

Because specimens for this are sensitive for environmental change, specimens must be delivered to the lab immediately.

chlamydia

Because these infections are often asymptomatic, the CDC recommends testing for all women who are pregnant, women younger than 25, and women with a new sexual partner or multiple sexual partners.

syphilis

Because this shares symptoms with many diseases, clinical history and lab results are important. Conclusive diagnosis is made by direct identification of the spirochete obtained from a lesion.

women

Chlamydia and gonorrhea frequently do not cause symptoms in _____.

genitals, eyes, mouth

Chlamydia usually affects the _____ and _____. But it can also occur in the _____.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

Complications of these include - pelvic inflammatory disease - ectopic pregnancy - endometritis - infertility

chlamydia

Complications of this bacterial infection includes conjunctivitis and perihepatitis.

postules, petechia, arthritis, endocarditis

Disseminated gonococcal infectionis a complication of gonorrhea that can be life threatening and occurs when it spreads systemically, causing skin _____, _____, septic _____, or _____.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

Epididymititis is associated with what?

genitals, rectum, throat

Gonorrhea can cause infections of these three places.

birth

Gonorrhea can infect children during _____.

dysuria, urethral discharge, testicles

Gonorrhea symptoms in men include - _____ - purulent _____ ______ - painful/swollen ______

asymptomatic, discharge, dysuria, urination, cervix, urethra, discharge

Gonorrhea symptoms in women are - may be _____ - vaginal _____ - _____ - frequent _____ - redness and swelling of the _____ or the _____ - purulent _____

4-12 weeks

How soon does the rash subside in secondary syphilis.

6-12 months

How soon should patients follow up after treatment for syphilis?

1 week - 6 months

How soon will primary syphilis turn to secondary syphilis marked by the emergency of rash involving the trunk and extremities, including the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet?

ceftriaxone, 250, IM, azithromycin, PO, 1 gram

If a patient tests positive for gonorrhea they are given two antibiotics -- one for gonorrhea and one for chalmydia. They are given ______ in a single ___ mg dose given __. And they are given _____ via the __ route in an amoutn equalling __ _____.

doxycycline, tetracycline

If the patient is allergic to penicillin, then either of these two antibiotics are used.

chlamydia

If this affects your eyes, you may have redness, itching, or discharge.

chlamydia

If this infects the cervix, it often produces not symptoms, but cervical discharge, dyspareunia (painful intercourse), dysuria, and bleeding may occur.

Jarisch Herxheimer reaction

If this occurs in antibiotic treatment for syphilis, it is harmless.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

In addition to penile discharge and burning on urination, men with this often report painful, swollen testicles.

gonorrhea

In both men and women, this STI is associated with - arthritis - bloodstream infection

chancres

In syphilis, these are firm, round, and painless.

chancres

In the primary stage of syphilis, these can be found at the point of contact, including the genitals, anus, rectum.

latency

In this period of syphilis, there are no signs or symptoms, but it can be interrupted by a recurrence of secondary syphilis symptoms.

STIs

Infections caused by organisms not generally considered _____ can be spread through sexual contact.

STIs

Infections with one of these suggests the possibility of infections with others.

tertiary syphilis

It is estimated that between 20 and 40 percent of those infected do not exhibit signs and symptoms in this final stage of syphilis.

chlamydia

It is recommended that women get retested for this after 3-6 months due to the risk of PID and reproductive issues.

gloves, hand hygiene

Lesions of primary and secondary syphilis are contagious, so _____ should be warn and ____ ____ performed.

ophthalmia neonatorum, pneumonia

More than 50 percent of newborns will develop _____ _____ or _____ after perinatal (around the time of birth) exposure to chlamydia.

chlamydia

More than 50 percent of newborns will develop opthalmia neonatorum or pneumonia after perinatal (around the time of birth) exposure to this STI.

chlamydia

No sex for 7 days after treatment for this.

treatment, serological

Patients with syphilis should refrain from sexual activity until after _____ and _____ testing.

2-3 weeks

Primary syphilis occurs how long after initial inoculation.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

Samples for these come from - endocervical canal - male urethra - anal canal - pharynx

chlamydia

Signs and symptoms of this in men include (class) - burning and frequent urination - penile discharge - swollen/painful testicles - rectal pain, discharge, and bleeding if it occurs there

chlamydia

Signs and symptoms of this in women include (class) - vaginal discharge - burning or painful urination - abdominal and low back pain - nausea and fever - painful intercourse - vaginal bleeding between periods

gonorrhea

Symptoms of this STI in women are - may be asymptomatic - vaginal discharge and dysuria - frequent urination - redness/swelling of the cervix or urethra - purulent discharge

neurosyphilis

Symptoms of this in syphilis include severe headache, difficulty with muscle movement, paralysis of certain parts of the body, numbness, and dementia.

sexual, cogenitally

Syphilis can be spread through _____ contact and _____ from a mother to child.

T pallidum

Syphilis is an acute and chronic infection caused by the bacteria _____, a spirochete.

false

T/F: Isolation in a private room is necessary for syphilis.

syphilis, HIV

Testing for _____ and _____ should be offered if a patient has chlamydia or gonorrhoea because STIs increase the risk of other STIs.

syphilis

Testing for this is mandatory in all pregnancies.

doxycycline, azithromycin

The CDC recommends treating chalmydia with a single ______ for 1 week or with a single dose of ______.

chlamydia

The CDC recommends treating this with doxycline for 1 week or a single dose of azithromycin.

3-12 weeks

The chancre of primary syphilis usually heals with or without treatment after how long?

gonorrhea

The following are symptoms of what STI? - dysuria - purulent urethral discharge - painful/swollen testicles

women

The greatest risk of chlamydia and gonorrhea infection occurs in young _____ between 15 and 25 years of age.

secondary syphilis

The patient has a sore throat. What stage of syphilis does this suggest?

secondary syphilis

The patient has arthritis. What stage of syphilis does this suggest?

secondary syphilis

The patient has fever. What stage of syphilis does this suggest?

secondary syphilis

The patient has hair loss, weight loss and malaise. What stage of syphilis does this suggest?

secondary syphilis, tertiary syphilis

The patient has meningitis. What stage of syphilis does this suggest?

secondary syphilis

The patient has swollen lymph nodes, what stage of syphilis does this suggest?

penicillin G

The patient receiving this for syphilis is monitored for 30 minutes after injection for possible allergic reaction.

HIV

The possibility of this infection should be pursued when any STI is diagnosed.

secondary syphilis

The rash of this stage of syphilis emerges 1 week to 6 months after the chancre.

secondary syphilis

The rash of this stage of syphilis results in chancres over the trunk and extremities. Contact with the chancres can spread the bacteria the others.

men

These are more likely to have symptoms when infected with gonorrhea and chlamydia.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

These are reportable STIs.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

These are the most common causes of endocervitis

STIs

These are the most common type of infectious disease in the United States and are epidemic in most parts of the world.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

These can cause epididymitis, leading to infertility in men.

condoms

These have been shown to reduce but not eliminate the risk of transmission of HIV and other STIs.

cultures

These should be obtained from all sexual partners when a person is diagnosed with chlamydia or other STIs and repeated after two weeks.

FTA-ABS, MHA-TP

These tests are used to verify rapid plasma reagin tests in syphilis screenings.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

These two STIs often occur together.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

These two that often occur together are reportable, so the health department must be notified when they are detected for follow-up.

syphilis

This acute and chronic bacterial infection can be spread by sexual contact or can be congenital in origin, spread from a mother to child.

syphilis

This acute and chronic bacterial infection is curable, but the damage caused by it cannot be reversed.

syphilis

This bacterial infection is divided into three stages reflecting the time from infection and the clinical manifestations observed in that period, which are the basis for treatment.

serological tests

This can be used to identify secondary or tertiary syphilis but it requires clinical correlation and interpretation.

congenital syphilis

This can cause prematurity, stillbirth, and congenital defects.

gonorrhea

This causes inflammation around the cervix, which may leave the woman more vulnerable to HIV infection.

perihepatitis

This complication of chlamydia is when it causes inflammation around the liver.

conjunctivitis

This complication of chlamydia is when the bacterium spreads the the eye.

ocular syphilis

This is a clinical manifestation of neurosyphilis that can affect almost any eye structure and can lead to decreased visual acuity, including permanent blindness.

disseminated gonococcal infection

This is a complication of gonorrhea that can be life threatening and occurs when it spreads systemically, causing skin pustules, petechia, septic arthritis, or endocarditis.

Jarisch Herxheimer reaction

This is a reaction to endotoxin-like products released by the death of harmful microorganisms within the body during antibiotic treatment - can occur treatment of syphilis with penicillin G

gumma

This is a soft, non-cancerous growth resulting from the tertiary stage of syphilis. It is a form of granuloma. It most commonly found in the liver, but can also be found in brain, heart, skin, bone, testis, and other tissues, leading to a variety of potential problems including neurological disorders or heart valve disease.

syphilis

This is an acute and chronic infections caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum.

pelvic inflammatory disease

This is an inflammation of the pelvic cavity that may begin with cervicitis and involve the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, pelvic peritoneum, or pelvic vascular system.

syphilis

This is called the "great imitator" because its symptoms are similar to the flu, and it's hard to detect unless you see chancres.

penicillin G

This is given in a single IM injection of 2.4 mg if it is being used to treat early or latent syphilis of less than 1 year's duration.

endomitritis

This is inflammation of the lining of the uterus that can occur with gonorrhea and chlamydia.

epididymitis

This is inflammation of the tube at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm often causing pain and swelling of the testes and often causing infertility, often caused by gonorrhea and chlamydia.

syphilis

This is spread through sexual contact, close body contact, kissing, congenitally and contact with sores.

penicillin G

This is the medication of choice for early syphilis treatment or latent syphilis of less than 1 year's duration.

congenital syphilis

This is when a mother passes syphilis to her unborn child.

disseminated gonococcal infection

This is when gonorrhea spreads through the body, can be life threatening and cause endocarditis, go the the brain, or spinal cord.

expedited partner therapy

This is when the infected partner is given two prescriptions, one for the partner, in the treatment of chlamydia.

syphilis

This must be reported to state or local health departments for follow-up care.

latency

This occurs after the secondary stage of syphilis in which a person who is infected has no signs or symptoms.

aortitis

This occurs in tertiary syphilis when layers of the arota die, eventually leading to an aortic aneurysm.

latency

This period of syphilis lasts more than a year and is noninfectious, but the bacteria can be transferred to the fetus.

Jarisch Herxheimer reaction

This presents as fever, mallaise, headache. The patient may think she has the flu early in antibiotic treatment for syphilis.

neurosyphilis

This refers to when syphilis infects the central nervous system. It can occur at any stage but most commonly it is is a sign of tertiary syphilis.

Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR)

This serological test for syphilis looks for antibodies. It is quick, but it can provide false positives.

secondary syphilis

This stage of syphilis is highly contagious.

secondary syphilis

This stage of syphilis is marked by flu-like symptoms and a rash involving the trunk and extremities, including the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

secondary syphilis

This stage of syphilis is marked by signs of generalized infection including - lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes) - arthritis - meningitis - hair loss - fever - malaise - weight loss As well as a generalized weight loss.

tertiary syphilis

This stage of syphilis most commonly presents as aortitis and neurosyphilis as evidenced by dementia, psychosis, paresis, stroke, and meningitis.

primary syphilis

This stage of syphilis occurs 2-3 weeks after the initial inoculation.

secondary syphilis

This stage of syphilis occurs when the bacteria spreads from the original chancre in the blood to become a generalized infection.

primary syphilis

This stage of syphilis presents as a painless lesion at the site of infection, known as a chancre, which usually heals with or without treatment in 3-12 weeks.

tertiary syphilis

This stage of syphilis presents as a slowly progressive inflammatory disease with the potential to affect multiple organs.

chlamydia

This usually affects the genitals and eyes.

urine sample, swab

To diagnose gonorrhea a _____ _____ or ____ is used. Treatment is frequently started before the lab results are available.

pregnancies

Treating syphilis is mandatory in all _____ to prevent congenital syphilis.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

Untreated, these can cause PID, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

Untreated, this can spread to the fallopian tubes and uterus, leading to serious complications, including PID, an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy, and infertility.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

When symptoms of these are present (they frequently aren't) they include micropurulent cervicitis with exudates in the inner cervical canal.

chlamydia, gonorrhea

When symptoms of these are present in men, they include burning on urination and penile discharge.

penicillin G

When this is used to treat late latent or latent syphilis of unknown duration, it is given in three injections at 1 week intervals.

IM, 2.4

When used to treat early or latent syphilis of less than 1 year's duration, penicillin G is given in a single __ dose of __ mg.

tetracycline

Women who are pregnant and diagnosed with either gonorrhea or chlamydia are cautioned not to take this antibiotic, because it is a teratogen.


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