Test 2
The energy stored in the bonds of the molecules in the foods that humans eat is 1. a form of kinetic energy; 2. a form of potential energy; 3. referred to as chemical energy.
2&3
The initial energy "investment" needed to start a chemical reaction in a cell is called the
Activiation Energy
Water is important in the body because: - It is an excellent solvent and suspending medium. - It participates in hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis reactions. - It lubricates. - It helps to maintain homeostasis because it has a high heat capacity and high heat of vaporization. - All choices are correct
All choices are correct
Which type of chemical reaction breaks larger reactants into smaller products?
Decomposition
Which type of chemical reaction will absorb more energy than it releases?
Endothermic/ Endogonic
Which term is defined as the capacity to do work?
Energy
AB + CD → AD + BC is a general example of a(n) _____ reaction.
Exchange
Ions are nonpolar molecules
False
The non-polar tails of phospholipids create a water-soluble barrier.
False
Inorganic and organic compounds differ in that: -Inorganic compounds usually contain carbon -Inorganic compounds usually lack carbon -Inorganic molecules are usually large and complex - Inorganic molecules are used by the body to form complex functions
Inorganic compounds usually lack carbon
An enzyme acts to:
Lower the activation energy needed to start the reaction.
Blood is a complex body fluid. If a vial of blood is drawn for a blood test and is allowed to sit in a rack for some time, the red blood cells will settle out and drift to the bottom of the tube. This process indicates that at least as far as the blood cells are concerned, blood has the properties of what type of fluid?
Suspension
Which type of chemical reaction combines reactants to produce larger products?
Synthesis
Carbohydrates are a polar molecule.
True
Lipids are insoluble in water because they are nonpolar.
True
Phospholipids are both polar and non-polar.
True
Water is polar because the electrons spend more time near the oxygen molecule.
True
A chemical reaction involves interactions between the _____ of two different atoms.
Valence Electrons
Which is not true about pH? - pH is representative of the concentration of hydrogen ions - pH can indicate the acidity or alkalinity of a substance - if the pH of a solution changes from 7 to 6, this indicates a 10 fold increase in hydrogen ions - pH 7 is the midpoint of the scale and indicates equal amounts of hydrogen and hydroxide ions - a solution with a pH of 9 is acidic
a solution with a pH of 9 is acidic (higher numbers are basic and lower numbers are acidic)
A solution with a pH value less than 7 is
acidic.
The negative oxygen in water will interact with which of the following ions? -Methane -Sodium -Chlorine -All of the above
all
Phospholipids are -nonpolar -polar -self-interacting -all
all of the above
A chemical compound that helps control the pH of a solution by adding or removing hydrogen ions is a(n)
buffer.
Which of the following substances has a pH closest to 7.0?
cerebrospinal fluid
A solute that readily dissolves in water is
hydrophilic
Which is not a property of water? -it is a solvent -it is a lubricant -it participates in catabolic and anabolic reactions -it is a nutrient -it has a low heat capacity
it has a low heat capacity (Water actually has a high heat capacity
Which of the following is not a polar molecule? - water - sodium chloride - ATP - methane
methane
When table sugar, sucrose, dissolves in water, the water is the
solvent
In the body fluid compartments found in of the human body, the solvent is
water
What is the most abundant and most important inorganic compound in the body?
water
