Test 3 450

The ____ standard uses MIMO technology to boost performance.

802.11n

____ is a coding method used on most personal computers.

ASCII

middleware

Additional layer used by Web-based software to communicate with existing systems

calendar control

Allows a user to select a date that the system will use as a field value

net present value

Analysis that adjusts costs and benefits to reflect the time at which they occur

command button

Button used to initiate an action such as printing a form or requesting help

control break

Causes specific actions, such as printing subtotals for a group of records

module

Consists of related program code organized into small units

form filling

Data entry method where a blank form is completed on the screen

logical design

Defines what must take place without addressing methods of implementation

____ codes combine data from different item attributes, or characteristics, to build the code.

Derivation

attributes

Describe the characteristics of objects in a class

documentation

Describes an information system and helps the users who must interact with it

coupling

Describes the degree of interdependence among modules

modular design

Development approach that is similar to constructing a leveled set of DFDs

A(n) ____ is a graphical model of an information system that depicts the logical relationships and interaction among system entities.

ERD

A client is a computer that supplies data, processing services, or other support to one or more computers.

False

A common field is an attribute that appears in only one entity.

False

A fat client, also called a thick client, design locates all or most of the processing logic at the server.

False

A repeating group is a set of one or more fields that can occur only once in a single record, with each occurrence having the same value.

False

A specific physical topology can support at most one logical topology.

False

Any network topology can connect to a larger, dissimilar network, such as the Internet; this connection is called a router.

False

ERP (enterprise resource planning) defines a general architecture, omitting standards for data, processing, network, and user interface design.

False

Like a primary key, a foreign key must be unique.

False

The three normal forms constitute a progression in which the first normal form represents the best design.

False

application service provider

Firm that delivers an application by charging a usage fee

blog

Form of Web-based output that is useful for posting news and promoting products

consultants

Have broad experience that is difficult for any one company to acquire

input control

Includes measures to ensure that input data is correct, complete, and secure

loop

Indicates that one or more modules are repeated

dialog box

Interface feature that explains requirements if variable input data is needed

JDBC enables ____ applications to exchange data with any database that uses SQL statements and is compliant with the standard.

Java

audit trail

Logs every instance of data entry and changes

managed hosting

Management of system operations by an outside firm

cohesion

Measures a module's scope and processing characteristics

benchmark

Measures the time a package takes to process a certain number of transactions

loosely coupled

Modules that are independent

diskless workstation

Network terminal with full-featured UI and limited access to network resources

maintenance agreement

Offers additional support and assistance from a vendor

business process outsourcing

Outsourcing of basic business processes

offshore outsourcing

Practice of shifting IT development, support, and operations to other countries

existence check

Prevents a user from saving a record until a suitable value is entered

customer

Primary user who is in constant communication with the development team

desk checking

Process of reviewing program code to spot logic errors

encryption

Protects sensitive data, which can only be read if a user has decoding software

Internet business services

Provide powerful Web-based support for transactions such as order processing

online documentation

Provides immediate Help when users have questions or encounter problems

exception report

Report that displays only records that meet a specific condition or conditions

detail report

Report that produces one or more lines of output for each record processed

condition

Represented on a structure chart by a line with a diamond on one end

flowchart

Represents logical rules and interaction graphically using a series of symbols

library module

Reusable code that can be invoked from points in a structure chart

design walkthrough

Reviews an interface with a cross-section of people who will use the new system

____ means that a system can be expanded, modified, or downsized easily to meet the rapidly changing needs of a business enterprise.

Scalability

exporting

Sending data in an acceptable format from an old system to a new system

newsgroup

Serves the same, or similar, purposes as a forum

control couple

Shows a message, which one module sends to another

data couple

Shows data that one module passes to another

horizontal application

Software package that can be used by many different types of organizations

authorization zone

Source document zone that contains any required signatures

body zone

Source document zone that usually takes up at least half of the form's space

The ____ section in a typical system design specification contains the complete design for a new system, including the user interface, outputs, inputs, files, databases, and network specifications.

System Components

evaluation model

Technique that uses a common yardstick to measure and compare vendor ratings

input mask

Template or pattern that restricts data entry and prevents errors

global outsourcing

Term that is synonymous with offshore outsourcing

information center

Term that is synonymous with service desk

build or buy

Term that is synonymous with the decision to make or buy

integration testing

Testing two or more programs that depend on each other

make or buy

The choice between developing versus purchasing software

A data warehouse allows users to specify certain dimensions, or characteristics.

True

A user's computer does not perform processing or computing tasks with cloud computing — the cloud does.

True

The middle layer provides the business logic required by the client-server system.

True

To resolve potential database connectivity and access problems, companies use ODBC-compliant software that enables communication among various systems and DBMSs.

True

Today, client/server architecture is the dominant form of systems design, using Internet protocols and network models.

True

coding

Turning program logic into specific instructions that a system can execute

data validation rule

Used to identify and correct errors before they enter a system

Which of the following is not an advantage of batch methods?

Users can interact directly with the information system.

fixed fee model

Uses a set fee based on a specified level of service and user support

default value

Value that displays automatically

design prototyping

Verifies user requirements, after which the prototype is discarded

A(n) ____ is relatively inexpensive to install and is well-suited to workgroups and users who are not anchored to a specific desk or location.

WLAN

forum

Where people gather to meet, offer support, and exchange ideas

control zone

Zone containing information that is used for storing completed forms

In the accompanying figure, any field that could serve as a primary key is called a ____.

candidate key

In a(n) ____ design, the remote user's keystrokes are transmitted to the mainframe, which responds by sending screen output back to the user's screen.

centralized

EBCDIC and ASCII both require ____ bits.

eight

In the accompanying figure, a ____ is a field in one table that must match a primary key value in another table in order to establish the relationship between the two tables.

foreign key

Most date formats now are based on the model established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which requires a format of ____.

four digits for the year, two for the month, and two for the day (YYYYMMDD)

When developing e-business systems, an in-house solution usually requires a ____ for a company that must adapt quickly in a dynamic e-commerce environment.

greater initial investment but provides more flexibility

In a ____, one or more powerful servers control the network, and departmental servers control lower levels of processing and network devices.

hierarchical network

A data ____ language controls database operations, including storing, retrieving, updating, and deleting data.

manipulation

In a multi-tier system, special utility software called ____ enables the tiers to communicate and pass data back and forth.

middleware

A ____ is an entrance to a multifunction Web site.

portal

A corporate ____ can provide access for customers, employees, suppliers, and the public.

portal

In the accompanying figure, a ____ is a field or combination of fields that uniquely and minimally identifies a particular member of an entity.

primary key

A(n) ____, which is used to access stored data, allows a user to specify a task without specifying how the task will be accomplished.

query language

In the event of a file catastrophe, ____ can be used to restore the file or database to its current state at the time of the last backup.

recovery procedures

The complete definition of a database, including descriptions of all fields, tables, and relationships, is called a(n) ____.

schema

The way a network is configured is called the network ____.

topology

Online processing systems have this characteristic: ____.

users can access data randomly