test 3
here is evidence that a close partner's support and affirmation can bring a loved one's actual self-views and behavior more in line with his or her ideal self. Researchers refer to this as the
Michelangelo phenomenon.
Research suggests that parental______ and________ are major determinants of a child's self-esteem.
acceptance; control
Social comparison theory proposes that we compare ourselves to others in order to
assess our abilties and opinions
Tia's stepfather wears a t-shirt that says "Who's your daddy? I am!" He is usually critical of his stepdaughter and her friends. Moreover, he considers her unfit to voice her opinions during family meetings. Tia's stepdad is exhibiting the traits associated with the parenting style.
authoritarian
Categorizing others by ethnicity, gender, age, or religion is used to
avoid expending cognitive effort to form a more accurate impression
Which of the following is an example of an external-unstable factor in attribution?
bad luck
Self-efficacy is MOST associated with
beliefs about what you can do
Which of the following characteristics is NOT an effective source of a persuasive message?
controversial
The habitual use of misguided or ineffective strategies for achieving desirable outcomes is called
counter productuve
Self-regulation refers to
directing and controllig one's behavior
Gloria is struggling in yoga class. She feels self-conscious about her flexibility and core strength to hold particular moves. Instead of leaving the class, she compares herself to the most overweight and inflexible male member of the course and thinks, "Well at least I can hold my downward dog better than he can." Gloria is utilizing a
downward comparison
A negative attitude held toward a particular group of people is referred to as discrimination.
false
A reference group is always made up of people who know each other well.
false
Developing multiple new skills, rather than focusing on honing one, can raise self-esteem.
false
Everyone possesses a self-assessment, which consists of a person's beliefs.
false
Group size was found to be the key determinant of conformity in Asch's studies of line length.
false
In Milgram's studies of obedience, participants were ordered to give consistently wrong answers to simple questions.
false
Internal attributions ascribe causes of behavior to situational factors.
false
Normative influence occurs because people are afraid of social pressure.
false
Relying upon automatic processing can reduce the incidence of stereotyping and prejudice.
false
Research suggests that people are likely to make systematic judgments about most people they meet.
false
The lowball technique involves
getting someone to commit to an attractive deal before revealing its hidden costs
Which of the following is considered a factor in prompting individuals to resist pressure from authority figures?
having time to think through decisions
According to Baumrind's parental classification system, authoritative parents display
high acceptance and high control
Affectionate, accepting, involved, and democratic parents might produce offspring who tend to be
high in self esteem
When first-year students look around the classroom and see upper-division classmates who possess the characteristics they wish they had, sometimes the first-years will experience a discrepancy between their actual and __________selves.
ideal
Which of the following sources influences the development of one's self-concept?Social comparison theory proposes that we compare ourselves to others in order to
idk this answer lmao
Which of the following is NOT an example of ingratiation?
idk this answer too (guess)
In Asch's studies of conformity, participants
indicated which of three lines matched a standard line in length
Mainstream American culture would most accurately be described as
individualistic
Which of the following is NOT among the most prevalent stereotypes in America?
intelligence
Research suggests that increases in a culture's affluence and social mobility tend to be accompanied by increases in
invidualism
Which of the following researchers proposed social comparison theory?
leon festinger
Which of the following statements regarding the influence of ethnicity and gender on self-esteem is accurate?
men & women do not differ in their self-esteem levels for academic ability or emotional well being
Sally would like to resist pressures to conform. She should
notice the social forces involved
________is a form of compliance in which people change their behavior in response to direct commands.
obedience
Social context affects self-concept in all of the following ways EXCEPT
only aspects of self that are central to who you are will be affected
Which of the following statements most accurately conveys person perception?
people are cognitive misers and do not exert any more effort than necessary
The processes of ________________ involve impression formation.
person perception
As actual-ideal discrepancies outnumber actual-ideal congruencies, cheerfulness decreases and
sadness increases
Tito's Burritos advertises its "Bodacious Burrito" as being as large as a toddler and available for a limited time only. Tito's is making use of which of the following social influence tactics?
scarcity
___________are the inferences that people make about what causes their behavior.
self attributions
Robert believes the reason he did not get the job was he didn't have as much to prepare for the interview as others because of bad luck on that day. Robert is most likely engaged in
self serving bias
The tendency to use various strategies to maintain a positive view of the self is called
self-enhancement
The tendency to sabotage one's performance to provide an excuse for possible failure is called
self-handicapping
_______refers to the tendency to explain other people's behavior as the result of personal, rather than situational, factors.
the fundamental attribution
When someone tries to explain another's attribution based on situational factors,
the inferences are more likely to be accurate
The process whereby expectations about a person cause the person to behave in ways that confirm the expectations is called
the self fulfilling prophecy
A person's appearance is a key component in the process of person perception.
true
Criticizing others, in an effort to raise self-esteem, is counterproductive.
true