the odyssey final- english 1H
tragic hero
a decent person, no nobler than anyone else; usually died either spiritually or physically at the end
laestrygonians
a giant cannibal
calypso
a nymph who holds odysseus for 7 years and has sex with him a lot
motif
a recurring image, symbol, quote, or phrase
ID
according to freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. the id operates on the pleasure, and primal self
the hero enters the divine mental state; the great aha
apotheosis
the nights of the round table are good example of what hero archetype
arthurian hero
why does telemachus go to pylos and sparta?
athena disguised as mentes, advises telemachus to visit pylos and sparta
tiresias
blind prophet who advised odysseus from the underworld; can see the future but not the past
american hero
bound to nature; innocent and naive
this character turns odysseus' crew in swines
circe
why does odysseus sleep with circe?
circe invites him into her bed but odysseus refuses unless if she turned his crew back into human from pigs
why does odysseus travel to hades?
circe tells him he must sail to hades to talk to tiresias, the blind prophet
psychic inheritance
collective unconscious
polyphemus
cyclops who imprisoned odysseus and got stabbed in his eye
true or false: telemachus always recognizes athena in her disguises
false
agamemnon
former king of mycenae; murdered his wife
poseidon
god of the sea; hates odysseus
aeolus
god of the winds; gives odysseus a bag of wind
what does telemachus do at the end of book two?
he leaves ithaca to find odysseus
why does odysseus fail to reveal his identity to penelope when they are first reunited?
he needs to ensure that he can trust her and that she remained loyal to her
collective unconscious
jung's theory that we all share an inherited memory that contains universal experience
zeus
king if the gods
odysseus
king of ithaca and hero of the trojan war
alcinous
king of the phaeacians; odysseus tells his story
unconscious mind
level of the mind in which thoughts, feelings, memories, and other information are kept and cannot be brought out
mentor
mentors telemachus
hermes
messenger of gods
anti-hero
motivated by disillusion; usually not within the confines of society's norms
why does nestor invite telemachus to the feast before knowing his identity?
nestor is demonstrating the ancient greek custom
how does odysseus escape polyphemus?
odysseus and his men sharpen a wood stake and gets the cyclops drunk and blinds him
telemachus
odysseus and penelope's son; prince of ithaca
why is poseidon angry with odysseus
odysseus blinds his son the cyclops and taunts the cyclops as they leave
argos
odysseus' dog; waited 20 years for odysseus to come home
penelope
odysseus' faithful wife
laertes
odysseus' father who lives in a farm in ithaca
anticlea
odysseus' mother; odysseus meets her in hades
eurycleia
odysseus' old nurse; close maternal mother to odysseus
arthurian
of or relating to the legend of king arthur
eumaeus
old swineherd/pig farmer and friend of odysseus;
does penelope really intend to marry one of her suitors
penelope's parents are pressuring her
masks we put on before we show ourselves to the world
persona
why doesn't athena get odysseus home sooner?
poseidon does everything in his power to prevent odysseus to get home and poseidon is more powerful than athena
achilles
protagonist of the illiad; vulnerable when shot in his achilles nowhere else
arete
queen of phaeacians
what sort of trick did penelope use against her suitors
she promised to wed one of them once she finished her yarn thing but she would just unwravel it every night
how does penelope test odysseus?
she tells the servants to bring out his bed and then waits for his reaction
eurymachus
suitor of penelope's; wants to kill telemachus as well
animus and anima together
syzygy
anima
the female aspect present in the collective unconscious of men
ego
the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality; the ego operates on the reality principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that are realistic and socially acceptable
animus
the male aspect present in the collective unconscious mind of women
antinous
the most arrogant among penelope's suitors and seen as the leader; comes up with the idea to kill telemachus
which goddess is homer asking for inspiration at the beginning of the book?
the muse of poetry
superego
the part of personality that, represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience)
what is oceanus?
the river at the end of the world
how did eurycleia recognize odysseus?
the scar on his leg
circe
the witch-goddess who transforms Odysseus's crew into swine when he lands on her island.
how are the suitors planning to kill telemachus?
they are going to make eurymachus challenge him to a fight
classic (greek) hero
usually based on a greek myth
conscious mind
what we are presently aware of
charibdis
whirlpool monster
clytmenestra
wife of agamemnon; murdered his husband agamemnon.
helen
wife of menelaus and queen of sparta; her abduction sparked the start of the trojan war
why does calypso allow odysseus to leave her island?
zeus orders hermes to deliver orders to calypso to let odysseus go home
