the odyssey final- english 1H

tragic hero

a decent person, no nobler than anyone else; usually died either spiritually or physically at the end

laestrygonians

a giant cannibal

calypso

a nymph who holds odysseus for 7 years and has sex with him a lot

motif

a recurring image, symbol, quote, or phrase

ID

according to freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. the id operates on the pleasure, and primal self

the hero enters the divine mental state; the great aha

apotheosis

the nights of the round table are good example of what hero archetype

arthurian hero

why does telemachus go to pylos and sparta?

athena disguised as mentes, advises telemachus to visit pylos and sparta

tiresias

blind prophet who advised odysseus from the underworld; can see the future but not the past

american hero

bound to nature; innocent and naive

this character turns odysseus' crew in swines

circe

why does odysseus sleep with circe?

circe invites him into her bed but odysseus refuses unless if she turned his crew back into human from pigs

why does odysseus travel to hades?

circe tells him he must sail to hades to talk to tiresias, the blind prophet

psychic inheritance

collective unconscious

polyphemus

cyclops who imprisoned odysseus and got stabbed in his eye

true or false: telemachus always recognizes athena in her disguises

false

agamemnon

former king of mycenae; murdered his wife

poseidon

god of the sea; hates odysseus

aeolus

god of the winds; gives odysseus a bag of wind

what does telemachus do at the end of book two?

he leaves ithaca to find odysseus

why does odysseus fail to reveal his identity to penelope when they are first reunited?

he needs to ensure that he can trust her and that she remained loyal to her

collective unconscious

jung's theory that we all share an inherited memory that contains universal experience

zeus

king if the gods

odysseus

king of ithaca and hero of the trojan war

alcinous

king of the phaeacians; odysseus tells his story

unconscious mind

level of the mind in which thoughts, feelings, memories, and other information are kept and cannot be brought out

mentor

mentors telemachus

hermes

messenger of gods

anti-hero

motivated by disillusion; usually not within the confines of society's norms

why does nestor invite telemachus to the feast before knowing his identity?

nestor is demonstrating the ancient greek custom

how does odysseus escape polyphemus?

odysseus and his men sharpen a wood stake and gets the cyclops drunk and blinds him

telemachus

odysseus and penelope's son; prince of ithaca

why is poseidon angry with odysseus

odysseus blinds his son the cyclops and taunts the cyclops as they leave

argos

odysseus' dog; waited 20 years for odysseus to come home

penelope

odysseus' faithful wife

laertes

odysseus' father who lives in a farm in ithaca

anticlea

odysseus' mother; odysseus meets her in hades

eurycleia

odysseus' old nurse; close maternal mother to odysseus

arthurian

of or relating to the legend of king arthur

eumaeus

old swineherd/pig farmer and friend of odysseus;

does penelope really intend to marry one of her suitors

penelope's parents are pressuring her

masks we put on before we show ourselves to the world

persona

why doesn't athena get odysseus home sooner?

poseidon does everything in his power to prevent odysseus to get home and poseidon is more powerful than athena

achilles

protagonist of the illiad; vulnerable when shot in his achilles nowhere else

arete

queen of phaeacians

what sort of trick did penelope use against her suitors

she promised to wed one of them once she finished her yarn thing but she would just unwravel it every night

how does penelope test odysseus?

she tells the servants to bring out his bed and then waits for his reaction

eurymachus

suitor of penelope's; wants to kill telemachus as well

animus and anima together

syzygy

anima

the female aspect present in the collective unconscious of men

ego

the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality; the ego operates on the reality principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that are realistic and socially acceptable

animus

the male aspect present in the collective unconscious mind of women

antinous

the most arrogant among penelope's suitors and seen as the leader; comes up with the idea to kill telemachus

which goddess is homer asking for inspiration at the beginning of the book?

the muse of poetry

superego

the part of personality that, represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience)

what is oceanus?

the river at the end of the world

how did eurycleia recognize odysseus?

the scar on his leg

circe

the witch-goddess who transforms Odysseus's crew into swine when he lands on her island.

how are the suitors planning to kill telemachus?

they are going to make eurymachus challenge him to a fight

classic (greek) hero

usually based on a greek myth

conscious mind

what we are presently aware of

charibdis

whirlpool monster

clytmenestra

wife of agamemnon; murdered his husband agamemnon.

helen

wife of menelaus and queen of sparta; her abduction sparked the start of the trojan war

why does calypso allow odysseus to leave her island?

zeus orders hermes to deliver orders to calypso to let odysseus go home