Types of Chemical Reactions
List the six types of chemical reactions.
1) Combustion 2) Synthesis 3) Decomposition 4) Single Displacement 5) Double Displacement 6) Acid-Base
What is the general form of a synthesis reaction?
A + B --> AB
What is the general form of a single displacement reaction?
A + BC --> AC + B
Describe a combustion reaction.
A combustion reaction occurs when oxygen combines with another compound to form water and carbon dioxide. These reaction are exothermic, meaning they produce heat.
Describe a decomposition reaction.
A decomposition reaction occurs when a complex molecule breaks down to make simpler ones.
Describe a double displacement reaction.
A double displacement reaction occurs when the anions and cations of two different molecules switch places, forming two entirely different compounds.
Decomposition of a chlorate yields...
A metal chloride and oxygen gas. i.e.) 2KClO3 --(heat)--> 2KCl + 3O2
Decomposition of a carbonate yields...
A metal oxide and carbon dioxide gas. i.e.) CaCO3 --(heat)--> CaO + CO2
Describe a single displacement reaction.
A single displacement reaction occurs when one element trades places with another element in a compound.
Describe a synthesis reaction.
A synthesis reaction occurs when two or more simple compounds combine to form a more complicated one.
What is the general form of a double displacement reaction?
AB + CD --> AD + CB
What is the general form of a decomposition reaction?
AB --> A + B
Describe an acid-base reaction.
An acid-base reaction is a special kind of double displacement reaction that takes place when an acid and base reacti with each other. The H+ ion in the acid reacts with the OH- ion in the base, causing the formation of water. Generally, the product of this reaction is some ionic salt and water.
From most reactive to least reactive, list the halogen reactivity series.
Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine (Fluorine being most reactive, Iodine being least reactive)
What is the general form of an acid-base reaction?
HA + BOH --> H2O + BA
What is the reactivity series of elements?
The reactivity series of elements is a way to measure the reactivity of certain elements relative to other elements.
What kind of reaction is this? C10H8 + 12O2 --> 10CO2 + 4H2O
This is a combustion reaction.
What kind of reaction is this? 2H2O --> 2H2 + O2
This is a decomposition reaction.
What kind of reaction is this? Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI --> PbI2 + 2KNO3
This is a double displacement reaction.
What kind of reaciton is this? Mg + 2H2O --> Mg(OH)2 + H2
This is a single displacement reaction.
Keeping the Halogen Reactivity Series in mind, what kind of reaction is this, and what would it yield? Br2 + 2NaCl --> ___ + ___
This is a single replacement reaction. Br2 + 2NaCl --> Cl2 + 2NaBr
What kind of reaction is this? 8Fe + S8 --> 8FeS
This is a synthesis reaction.
What kind of reaction is this? HBr + NaOH --> NaBr + H2O
This is an acid-base reaction.