Types of movements that occur at synovial joints
plantar flexion
o Flexing ankle to move foot down o Isolated to ankle movement
eversion
o Flexing ankle to move foot laterally Isolated to ankle movement
inversion
o Flexing ankle to move foot medially o Isolated to ankle movement
protraction
o Project outwards o Ex) mandible
retraction
o Retract inwards o Ex) mandible
circumduction
o combination of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction o Appendage describes a cone or circle Ex) upper limb at shoulder
dorsiflextion
o flexing ankle to move foot up o isolated to ankle movement o isolated to forearm
depression
o move down o ex) mandible
elevation
o move up o ex) mandible
abduction
o movement away from the medial plane ex) upper limb at shoulder
extension
o movement of a body part back toward coronal plane and increases the joint angle o ex) vertebral column, shoulder, knee
flexion
o movement of a body part usually anterior to the coronal plane and decreases the joint angle o ex) vertebral column, shoulder, knee
hyperextension
o movement of body part posterior to coronal plane beyond the anatomical position o ex) vertebral column, shoulder
adduction
o movement toward the median plane ex) upper limb at shoulder
supination
o radius and ulna are parallel (flipping palm up) o isolated to forearm
pronation
o radius rotates over ulna (flipping palm down) isolated to forearm
gliding
o the surfaces of bones slide past one another in a linear direction, but without significant rotary or angular movement. o Moving hand back and forth (left to right) in a waving motion -Gliding occurs at the joint of the carpals (wrist bones)
opposition
o touching index finger to thumb o isolated to the thumb saddle joint
rotation
o turning of a structure on its long axis o ex) head, neck, lower limb
