Unit 2 Anatomy Lab Test 2 (Exercises 11-14)
What is the action of the flexor carpi radialis muscles?
The flexor carpi radialis muscles flex and abduct the hand.
What is the action of the levator scapulae muscle?
The levator scapulae elevates the scapula and abducts and rotates the neck.
What is the origin of the masseter muscle?
The origin of the masseter muscle is the zygomatic arch and maxilla.
Name the origin of the supraspinatus muscle.
The origin of the supraspinatus muscle is the supraspinous fossa.
Flexion of the vertebral column occurs by what abdominal muscle?
The rectus abdominis flexes the vertebral column.
What is the action of the tibilais anterior?
The tibialis anterior dorsiflexes and inverts the foot.
What is the action of the triceps brachii?
The triceps brachii extend and adduct the arm and extend the forearm.
How many adductor muscles are there?
There are three adductor muscles.
Compression of the abdominal wall occurs by what four muscles?
Compression of the abdominal wall occurs by the internal abdominal obliques, external abdominal obliques, rectus abdominis, and transverse abdominis muscles.
What muscle extends the toes?
The extensor digitorum longus extends the toes.
The calf is made of what two major muscles?
The major muscles making up the calf are the soleus and the gastrocnemius.
What muscle is a synergist with the masseter?
The temporalis is a synergist to the masseter.
Is abduction of the thigh movement toward or away from the midline?
Abduction of the thigh is movement away from the midline.
What kind of mucle is the orbicularis oculi or orbiculoaris oris in terms of action?
In terms of action, the orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi muscles are sphincters.
What muscles extend the thumb?
The abductor pollicus longus, extensor pollicus longus, and extensor pollicus brevis extend the thumb.
Which muscles are antagonists to the biceps brachii?
The biceps brachii and the brachilais are antagonists to the biceps brachii.
What is the insertion of the subscapularis?
The insertion of the subscapularis is the lesser tubercle of the humerus.
What is the insertion of the temporalis?
The insertion of the temporalis is the coronoid process and ramus of the mandible.
Plantarflexion and eversion of the foot occur by what muscles?
Plantarflexion and eversion of the foot occur by the fibularis longus and the fibularis brevis.
Does the biceps brachii muscle originate or insert on the humerus?
The biceps brachii muscle inserts on the humerus.
What is the insertion of the soleus?
The calcaneus is the insertion of the soleus.
Which is the deepest anterior abdominal muscle?
The deepest anterior abdominal muscle is the transverse abdominis.
What is the action of the deltoid muscle?
The deltoid muscle abducts the arm and flexes, extends, and medially and laterally rotates the arm.
What muscle inserts on the central tendon?
The diaphragm inserts on the central tendon.
What muscle is responsible for most of the air inhaled during relaxed breathing?
The diaphragm is responsible for most of the air inhaled during relaxed breathing.
Extension and rotation of the vertebral column occur by what group of muscles?
The erector spinae extend and rotate the vertebral column.
Where are the extensor carpi muscles found, on the anterior or posterior side of the forearm?
The extensor carpi muscles are found on the posterior side of the forearm.
What muscle extends both the hand and the phalanges?
The extensor digitorum extends both the hand and the phalanges.
What is that action of the extensor hallicus longus?
The extensor hallicus longus extend the hallux and dorsiflexes the foot.
How does the action of the fibularis longus differ from that of the fibularis tertius?
The fibularis longus plantarflexes the foot, and the fibularis tertius dorsiflexes the foot.
Name a muscle in this exercise that dorsiflexes the foot.
The fibularis tertius dorsiflexes the foot.
What is the insertion of the fibularis tertius muscle?
The fibularis tertius muscle insets on the dorsum of metatarsal V.
Where does the flexor digitorum superficialis insert?
The flexor digitorum superficialis inserts on the middle phalanges of digits II-V.
Where do the hamstring muscles originate as a group?
The hamstrings originate at the ischial tuberosity.
What muscle flexes the lumbar vertebrae as part of its action?
The iliopsas flexes the lumbar verterbrae.
What is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis?
The insertion of the extensor carpi radialis is the fifth metacarpal.
What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum longus?
The insertion of the flexor digitorum longus is the distal phalanges of digits II-V.
What is the insertion of the tibialis anterior?
The insertion of the tibialis anterior is the first metatarsal and first cuneiform.
What is the insertion of the trapezius muscle?
The insertion of the trapezius muscle is the clavicle, acromion process, and scapular spine.
What is the insertion point of the pectoralis minor?
The insertion point of the pectoralis minor is the coracoid process of the scapula.
What is the action of the intercostal muscles?
The intercostal muscles elevate and depress the ribs.
What is the physical relationship of the intercostal muscles to each other?
The internal intercostal is deep to the external intercostal.
What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
The intertubercular groove of the humerus is the insertion point of the latissimus dorsi.
Name two muscles that close the jaw.
The masseter and the temporalis close the jaw.
Name a muscle that closes the eye.
The orbicularis oculi closes the eye.
Where does the orbicularis oculi insert?
The orbicularis oculi inserts on the skin of the eyelid.
What muscle closes the lips?
The orbicularis oris closes the lips.
What is the origin of the brachialis?
The origin of the brachialis is the anterior, distal surface of the humerus.
What is the origin of the felxor carpi ulnaris?
The origin of the flexor carpi ulnaris is the medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process, and dorsal border of the ulna.
What is the origin of the gastrocnemius?
The origin of the gastrocnemius is the condyle of the femur.
What is the origin of the pectoralis minor?
The origin of the pectoralis minor is ribs 3-5.
What is the origin of the rhomboideus major muscle?
The origin of the rhomboideus major muscle is the nuchal ligament and vertebral spines C7-T1.
What muscles flex the hand?
The palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, and flexor pollicus longus all flex the hand.
Name the action of the pectoralis major.
The pectoralis major flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the arm.
Name all the muscles that flex the arm.
The pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, biceps brachii, and coracobrachialis all flex the arm.
What is an antagonist to the supinator muscle?
The pronator quadratus is an antagonist to the supinator muscle.
Which muscle group is found on the anterior part of the thigh?
The quadriceps femoris are found on the anterior part of the thigh.
What is the insertion of all of the muscles of the quadriceps group?
The quadriceps group inserts on the tibial tuberosity.
What muscle is an antagonist to the biceps femoris muscle?
The quadriceps muscle is an antagonist to the biceps femoris.
How does the action of the rectus abdominis differ from that of the other abdominal muscles?
The rectus abdominis flexes the vertebral column. The other muscles laterally rotate the trunk.
List two muscles in this exercise that are responsible for thigh flexion.
The rectus femoris and tensor fasciae latae are responsible for thigh flexion.
How does the action of the rectus femoris differ from that of the other quadriceps muscles?
The rectus femoris flexes the thigh, and the other quadriceps muscles extend the leg.
Which is the more superior muscle, the rhomboideus major or the rhomboideus minor?
The rhomboideus minor is the more superior.
What is the action of the rhomboideus muscle?
The rhomboideus muscle adducts the scapulae.
What are two muscles that are synergists with the biceps femoris muscle?
The semitendonosus and semimembranosus are synergists with the biceps femoris muscle.
What is the action of the serratus anterior muscle?
The serratus anterior abducts the scapula and rotates the scapula to elevate the shoulder.
How does the serratus anterior function as an anatogonist to the rhomboideus muscles?
The serratus anterior abducts the scapula, and the rhomboid muscles addcut the scapula.
what is the action of the sternocleidomastoid?
The sternocleidomastoid abducts, rotates, and flexes the head.
Where does the sternocleidomastoid muscle insert?
The sternocleidomastoid inserts on the mastoid process.
What muscle originates on the temporal fossa?
The temporalis muscle originates on the temporal fossa.
The tendinous intersections are found in what muscle?
The tendinous intersections are found in the retus abdominis.
What is the action of the vastus lateralis?
The vastus lateralis extends the leg.
Are all the hamstring mucles identical in action? What is the action of the hamstring muscles?
Yes. The hamstrings extend the thigh and flex the leg.
If you were to ride a horse, what muscles would you use to keep your seat out of the saddle as you ride?
You would use your iliopsas, pectineus, sartorius, gracilis, adductor longus, and adductor brevis muscles.
How do the gluteus medius and minimus prevent you from toppling over as you walk?
Your gluteus medius and minimus maintain your center of gravity.
