Unit 2 Biology Quiz Questions
From the list, select the most common mutagens.
Viruses, radiation, chemicals
Cells within the inside of a tumor secrete growth factors, which cause capillaries to grow toward the tumor. This process is called ______, and contributes to the growth and spread of the tumor.
angiogenesis
If a gene mutation occurs that results in a premature stop codon in the mRNA sequence, the protein will __________.
be incomplete
Chromosomes are copied
between the growth phase (G1) and preparation for cell division (G2).
Alkylating agents work by
breaking the DNA and introducing mutations
In a normal cell, topoisomerase
helps unwind DNA during DNA replication.
Chemotherapy works by
targeting points during cell division
The two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary nucleotides. Which of the following correctly matches the complementary nucleotides of DNA?
Adenine:thymine and cytosine:guanine
There are different drugs that interfere with the M phase of the cell cycle. ______ interfere with the formation of the spindle fibers and ______ prevent the breakdown of the microtubles.
Alkaloids, taxanes
Which of the following would be detected in a blood test that would indicate the immune system is responding to cancer?
Antibodies
Which characteristic corresponds with Stage 2 of breast cancer?
Cancer begins invading more lymph nodes and tissue
Which characteristic corresponds with Stage 4 of breast cancer?
Cancer spreads to other organs
Malignant tumors need nutrients and oxygen to grow. From what structures do they obtain nutrients and oxygen?
Capillaries
The DNA is compacted into multiple ______ that condense and organize the genetic information before cells divide.
Chromosomes
All cells are specialized to have the same function.
False
DNA is the only nucleic acid found in cells.
False
In breast cancer patients, lymph nodes are biopsied to determine the size of the tumor.
False
Mutations in DNA can result in cancerous cells. These cells are structurally altered but their functions remain normal.
False
The BRCA1 gene is involved in producing a protein that activates DNA repair enzymes, stopping the cell cycle, and putting the cell in G0 phase.
False
In eukaryotic cell division, what are the two major parts of the cell cycle?
Interphase and mitosis
From the list, select all of the following that pertain to this state. (Check all that apply.) If a patient is screened for cancerous cells, a doctor is looking for cells that are __________.
Less specialized, not in their original location, dividing uncontrollably
The appearance of cancerous cells differs from normal cells. If you were to view cancerous cells under the microscope, you would notice enlarged __________.
Nuclei
Metaphase is a step of mitosis. What key event happens during metaphase?
Sister chromatids align on the spindle equator
Anaphase is a step of mitosis. What key event happens during anaphase?
Sister chromatids are pulled apart
Telomere length can change with age and the type of cell. Which of the following correctly describes telomere length?
Telomeres are the longest in stem cells
