Unit 3

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Harriet Tubman

"Conductor" of underground railroad, served as a union spy during the Civil War

What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

"freed" slaves in addition to preserving the Union; political stunt

Plessy V Ferguson

"separate but equal" was officially legalized, did not violate the 14th amendment

Who was Andrew Johnson?

17th president of the US, 10% plan, vetos Congressional Reconstruction Plan

What was the 54th Massachusetts Regiment?

1st military unit consisting of black soldiers

What was Booker T Washington willing to accept in exchange for the alleviation of African Americans from poverty?

2nd class citizenship offered by Jim Crow laws, literacy test, and poll taxed

Who one the Presidency of 1864?

Abraham Lincoln

What were the components of the Compromise of 1850?

California admitted as a free state, slavery question in areas taken from Mexico was to be decided by popular sovereignty, sale of slaves prohibited in Washington D.C., new fugitive slave law was to be enforced by federal gov.

What was the Confederate strategy?

Defend their land until the North get tired

How did the Dred Scott decision set back any potential for compromise for free and slave states relations?

Dread Scott was not considered an American citizen because he was an African American

Abolitionist

Dred Scott, John Brown, and Harriet Beecher Stow; call to outlaw slavery

Where were the first shots of the Civil war?

Fort Sumter

Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?

Harriet Stowe

Who are the 4 abolitionist?

Harriet Stowe, Henry Clay, Dread Scott, and John Brown

Who wrote the Compromise of 1850?

Henry Clay

In what year did the Confederate States of America form?

In 1861 the Confederate States of America formed

Who were the leaders of the Confederacy?

Jefferson Davis and Alexander Stevens

What is the Battle of Gettysburg?

Last war in the Civil war, won by union, biggest loss in American lives

Were Republicans and Abraham Lincoln abolitionist?

No

Who were the Copperheads?

Northern democrats who argued for peace with the South

Who was the main confederate general?

Robert E. Lee

Who was the first to succeed from the Union?

South Carolina

Name 4 states that were part of the Confederate States of America.

South Carolina, Mississippi, Floridia, and Alabama

Who were Scalawags?

Southern born individuals who promoted rebuilding of the South in cooperation with Republican Reconstruction governments

What is Lincoln's most famous speech?

The Gettysburg Address

What is one way that the Confederate States of America was similar to the United States? What is one way that it was different?

They had a similar constitution but there was a difference with slavery

Why do some people call it the "War between the States" and not the "Civil War"?

To classify that the fighting was within the country and not two separate countries; the Confederate States were not considered a nation

Who was the main union general?

Ulysses S. Grant

What are the 4 compromises that addressed the issue of slavery in order to prevent it from creating a major division in the US? What was the flaw in each compromise?

Wilmot Proviso, Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Missouri Compromise. All addressed the question on slavery but they didn't make a decision on slavery

California enters as

a free state

U.S. v Reese (1876)

a path laid open for Southern states to disenfranchise black for supposedly non-racial reasons; kept them from voting

What was the Compromise of 1877? Who go what?

an informal agreement, Hayes promised to remove the last federal troops from the South

What does the term "free soil" mean? Were they in support or opposition of slavery?

anti-slavery states; Mexico was against slavery

How did the grandfather clause exempt whites from certain discriminatory laws?

assured that whites who could not read or pay taxes could still vote; did not apply to blacks

Harriet Beecher Stowe

author of uncle Tom's Cabin; abolitionist

Why does the Civil War Occur?

because the American Union tried to regain control of the confederate states.

Who was Ida Wells-Barnett?

born a slave in Mississippi, devoted life to anit-lynching, founding member of NAACP

Who was Booker T. Washington?

born as a slave in the south, founded Tuskegee University

Who was W.E.B. Dubois?

born free in the North, founded the National Associations for colored people (NAACP) and launched Civil Rights Movement

What is the difference between de facto segregation and de jure segregation?

de facto is by practice (North) and de jure is by law (South)

What is the 15th amendment?

every male has the right to vote and will not be denied by race, color, or previous condition of servitude

How did the book Uncle Tom's Cabin affect the views of slavery in the north?

evoked sympathy for slaves and caused anger over fugitive slave laws.

Name three reasons that would lead to wanted support for reconstruction in the South?

federal gov't abandoned their role of protector, democracy was compromised, and rights of African Americans were limited by southern state gov'ts

What was the Freedman Bureau?

helps former slaves and poor whites by setting up schools, hospitals, and teacher training centers

Who were Carpetbaggers?

individuals from the North that came to the South for missionary or entrepreneur purposes

What was the main goal of the KKK?

intimidate black voters and have white supremacy

What is the 14th amendment?

makes all persons born in the US citizens

What did the Battle of Vicksburg do?

officially split the South in two

What is the main point of the Battle of Vicksburg?

officially split the South in two

What is the 13th amendment?

outlawed slavery

What is the Antebellum period?

period leading up to the Civil War

What is popular sovereignty?

political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government

What was the purpose of the Federal gov't reconstruction policies?

re-establishment of full participation of the southern state in the union based on South's acceptance of the outcome of the war

What was the purpose of Black Codes?

restrict the rights of African Americans, guarantee slave labor, and restore pre-emancipation system of race relations

How did expansion lead to greater challenges as it pertained to the future makeup of the US?

sectionalism increased as the divisions between the north and south's interests of the regions became more evident

What did the Wilmot Proviso state?

slavery would be banned in any territory gained from the war with Mexico

What did the Military Reconstruction act of 1867 create?

split former confederacy into 5 military districts to better enforce the reconstruction amendments

What was the union strategy?

the Anaconda plan; block southern ports, split the south along Mississippi river, and capture Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia

After Lincoln's election, southern states passed

the Articles of Secession

What was the first major battle between the Union and Confederacy?

the Battle at Bull Run (aka 1st Manasses)

What was the bloodiest battle during the Civil War?

the Battle of Antietam

Under which law, were new states allowed to enter the US as full partners in the union?

the Northwest Ordinance

What did the 3 political parties make?

the Republican Party in 1854

Who's actions led a radicalized federal gov't response when it came to reconstruction? What did they do that led to a radicalized federal response?

the South; demonized congress and label all northern Republicans as radicals who's only intention was to punish the South

What were the 3 political parties?

the Whig's, the American Party (Know-Nothings), and the Free-Soilers

What event led southerners to believe that their rights as states were being trampled on?

the disagreement over expanding slavery into the new territories

The Confederate States of America focused on

the protection of slavery and states' sovereign rights

the Scott v. Sanford 1857 ruled that the Missouri Compromise was

unconstitutional

What was an African American economic opportunity?

under Sherman, freed slaves who followed his army were promised 40 acres and a mule


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