Unit 3: States and Changes of Matter - Chemistry Honors
Surfactant
A compound that reduces the repulsion (tension) between two liquids, or a liquid and a solid, or a liquid and air
Plasma
A high-energy state of matter characterized by ionized particles
Solid
A low-energy state of condensed matter characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume
Lattice
A regular arrangement of particles (atoms, ions, or molecules)
Crystal
A solid in which the particles are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern
Amorphous solid
A solid matter whose particles are arranged in a nonuniform pattern
Thermal Equilibrium
A term describing a temperature equal to that of the surroundings
Long-range order
A term for an arrangement of particles in which the particles are ordered over many multiples of the average particle diameter
Ideal Gas
A theoretical gas composed of random, non-interacting point particles
Kinetic-molecular theory
A theory that describes gases as a large number of constantly and randomly moving particles (atoms/molecules) that collide with one another and with the walls of the container
Sublimation
A transition directly from solid phase to vapor phase
Deposition
A transition directly from vapor phase to solid phase
Freezing
A transition from liquid phase to solid phase
Boiling
A transition from liquid phase to vapor phase
Melting
A transition from solid phase to liquid phase
Condensing
A transition from vapor phase to liquid phase
Miscible
Referring to a solid, liquid, or gas becoming integrated into a host liquid (solvent)
Immiscible
Referring to two liquids separating when mixed
Kinetic Energy
The energy associated with movement
Effusion
The movement of a gas through a small opening into a larger volume
Vapor Pressure
The pressure exerted by the gas in equilibrium with a pure liquid at a given temperature
Surface Tension
The property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force
Diffusion
The spread of particles through random motion from regions of high to low concentration
Viscosity
The thickness or resistance to flow of a liquid
Dissolve
To integrate a solid, liquid, or gas into a host liquid (solvent)
