Unit1

Census

A complete enumeration of a population.

Define region

A geographic area that is groupedtogether due to measurable or perceived commonfeatures

How do geographers define place?

A specific geographic location on Earth defined by physical characteristicsand human characteristics.

place

A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character.

time-space compression

A term associated with the work of David Harvey that refers to the social and psychological effects of living in a world in which time-space convergence has rapidly reached a high level of intensity.

Absolute &Relative Distance

Absolute distance is when you look at how far a distance is in quantitative terms: miles,kilometers, etc. Relative distance is when you describe the distance between locations usingqualitative terms: the location is 30 minutes south

Describe the census

An official count ofindividuals in a population and a collection ofdemographic data, in the United States of America ithappens once every 10 year

How does regional analysis change at the local,national, and global scale?

As we change our scale to asmaller scale we have less precise data and start to usemore generalities. Regional analysis at the local levelwill provide more details and a larger scale, whileglobal uses small scale

3.Type of Projection : Fuller

Distortion/ Characteristics : Does not use cardinal directions, which can be confusing to the reader. Does a great job at showing land masses without interruption, and maintains accurate size and shape

2.Type of Projection : Goode Homolosine

Distortion/ Characteristics : Excels at maintaining accurate land mass size, and minimizes distortion across the map due to being an interrupted map. Hard to accurately view the entire world.

1.Type of Projection :Mercator

Distortion/ Characteristics : Shows true direction between places, distorts the shape and size of land masses. Originally used for maritime travel.

4.Type of Projection : Robinson

Distortion/ Characteristics : Spreads distortion evenly out across shape, size, and direction making it less noticeable.

5.Type of Projection : Winkel Tripel

Distortion/ Characteristics : This map is rounder in shape and has minimal distortion in the size of land masses, distance and direction. However, there is distortion near the north and south poles. Not for classroom use. Do not post online. ©Copyright Riley Sinn, 2020

Elevation

Elevation is best seen on a topographic map that shows the shape of the Earth's surface,normally shown with contour lines or through different colors

Explain what geographers are looking for when theytalk about scale of analysis

Geographers observe data atglobal, national, regional, and local scales. Data isgrouped in a variety of ways which allows geographersto see trends and themes based on how the data isgrouped

1. Identify the scale of analysis below

Global

What is the difference between a large scale map andsmall scale map?

Large scale maps are zoomed in, theyshow less of the earth's surface but allow for moredetails to be illustrated. (Ex. City Map) Small scalemaps are zoomed out, they show more of the earth'ssurface but allow for less detail to be illustrated. (Ex.World Map)

4. Identify the scale of analysis below

Local

large scale map

Maps that cover smaller areas with greater detail

. How does the way we process data change as scale changes

Maps that show data on the Global, or National scale of analysis risk generalizing data due to being small scale maps. Maps that show data on the local scale of analysis are large scale can show more precise data and reduce generalizations

Reference Maps

Maps that show the absolute location of places and geographic features determined by a frame of reference, typically latitude and longitude

dispersal

Movement of individuals away from centers of high population density or their area of origin.

2. Identify the scale of analysis below

National

What problems arise when talking about regionalboundaries?

Oftentimes they will overlap which causesconfusion. They also may be different depending onwho you are talking with

Toponyms

Place name religion defined by geographers Robert Stoddard and Carolyn Prorak in the book Geography in America as "a system of beliefs and practices that attempts to order life in terms of culturally perceived ultimate priorities."

. What is the difference between qualitative andquantitative research?

Qualitative research is oftenwritten in text form and is information that is observed,witnessed, described, and is not measurable.Quantitative is objective data that is collected, and oftentakes the form of numbers

1. What is the difference between reference maps and thematic maps?

Reference maps emphasize the location of places without using data. Thematic maps not only display locations, but also have a main topic or theme that uses data from the location.

3. Identify the scale of analysis below

Regional

What is the difference between a scale of inquiry andscale of analysis?

Scale of inquiry is asking what is thebest scale of analysis to use for a topic. Scale of analysisis the scale that the map is chunking data

small scale map

Shows fewer details, and focuses on a larger area (region, world)

How can we see nature in society?

Society is impacted by the environment it is part of. For example, in the areas with tornados you will find houses with basements, in areas with warm climates you will find roofs that are flat. Society changes the cultural landscape to reflect environmental factors that impact it. We can also see the impact of nature when looking at the natural resources available to a society. This will change the economic opportunities of a society, the amount of wealth a society has, and the culture itself

What is a geographic information system (GIS)

Software that manages, analyzes, and displays data that is collected in a geographic area. Often uses information collected from GPS satellites to create layered maps.

Sustainability

The ability to keep in existence or maintain. A sustainable ecosystem is one that can be maintained

What is environmental determinism?

The belief that the physical environment dictates the success of a society.Environment is the key reason for a society to thrive or struggle, people have no real impact

. What is environmental possibilism?

The belief that the physical environment plays a role in the success of asociety, however, it is not the only factor because culture also plays a role. The environment is important, butequally important is the people within a society

What are two examples of quantitative research?

The census, marketing data, or research that can be replicated

1.Define the following concepts :Pattern

The geometric arrangement of objects in a space

3.Define the following concepts :Flow

The movement of people, ideas, goods, or services from one place to another

Geographic System

The part of a society pertaining to a its location, surroundings, and natural resources

site

The physical character of a place

2.Define the following concepts :Space

The physical gap between objects

Spatial Association

The relationship between the distribution of one feature and the distribution of another feature.

Define sustainability

The use of Earth's renewable and non-renewable resources in a manner that does notdeplete either resource. Sustainable efforts strive to find an equilibrium with the environment and society, bymaking sure that the current generation does not hinder future generations

Explain Tobler's first law of geography

This is the idea that people are less likely to interact with places,stores, and people that are farther away and are more likely to interact with places, stores, and people that arecloser. This is due to distance decay and friction of distance

What is time-space compression and how is it countering Tobler's first law?

This is the idea that the world feels smaller than it used to, due to the advancements made in technology, communication, and transportation. This has reduced the amount of distance decay and friction of distance allowing people to interact more with things that are farther away

Clustering

This is when items are close together and concentrated in one area

Dispersal

This is when items are spread over a geographic space

4.Provide an example of how geographical data can be used for each of the following scales: Governments

To identify locations for newschools, provide federal and stateaid to communities that need it,understand the citizens of thecountry, understand demographicchanges in the country, and toinform the direction of thecountry

2.Provide an example of how geographical data can be used for each of the following scales: Business

To identify locations for newstores, market to consumers,create new products that areneeded for an area, and tounderstand the communities theyoperate in

1. Provide an example of how geographical data can be used for each of the following scales: Personal

To make educated decisions on where you wish to live, better understand the direction of a community or city.

3.Provide an example of how geographical data can be used for each of the following scales: Organizations

To understand where financialneed is, identify differentcommunity needs, and work withbusiness and government toprovide accurate assistance tocommunities

Direction

You can look at the Compass Rose to see North, South, West, East

thematic map

a map that shows a particular theme, or topic

scale of analysis

a scale that determines what is being studied based on the size of the area being examined

Meridian of longitude

an arc drawn between the North and South poles

Distance Decay

decline of activity or function with increasing distance from its point of origin

Parallel of latitude

is used to measure distances north or south of the equator

Clustering

organizing items into related groups during recall from long-term memory

situation

the location of a place relative to other places

1. What is the difference between absolute and relative location?

​Absolute location is describing a location usingthe exact spot of an object by using longitude and latitude. Relative location is when we describe wheresomething is in relation to another object or place

What might you look at when using qualitativeresearch?

​Surveys, observations, interviews, polls, orfocus groups