Vascular multiple choice
What is the most common anomaly of the circle of Willis? A. Absence of one of the middle cerebral arteries B. Duplication of the posterior communicating arteries C. Hypoplasia of the proximal segment of one of the anterior cerebral arteries D. Absence or hypoplasia of one or both of the communicating arteries E. Duplication of the middle cerebral arteries.
What is the most common anomaly of the circle of Willis? (D) absence or hypoplasia of one or both of the communicating arteries.
Which of the following arteries arise from the external carotid artery? A. Superior thyroid artery B. Lingual artery C. Facial artery D. Ascending pharyngeal artery E. All of the above
Which of the following arteries arise from the external carotid artery? (E) All of the above. The external carotid artery has eight branches. The following four branches arise in the carotid triangle: the superior thyroid, lingual, facial, and the ascending pharyngeal arteries.
Which of the following arteries does NOT arise from the subclavian artery? A. Vertebral B. Superior thyroid C. Internal thoracic D. Thyrocervical trunk (axis) E. Internal mammary
Which of the following arteries does NOT arise from the subclavian artery? (B) Superior thyroid. The superior thyroid artery is usually the frist branch of the external carotid artery. "Internal mammary" is another name for the "internal thoracic" artery.
Which of the following is not an artery in the circle of Willis? A. Anterior cerebral artery B. Middle cerebral artery C. Anterior communicating artery D. Middle communicating artery E. Posterior communicating artery
Which of the following is not an artery in the circle of Willis?(D) Middle communicating artery. There are only ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR communicating arteries.
Which of the following is not true regarding the internal carotid artery? A. Its first major branch is the opthalmic artery B. It supplies a high resistance system C. It supplies a low resistance system D. It is part of the anterior cerebral system E. It originates at the carotid bifurcation
Which of the following is not true regarding the internal carotid artery? (B) This statement about the internal carotid artery- "it supplies a high resistance system" is false. The internal carotid artery feeds a low resistance system.
Intracranial potential collateral arteries include all but the following: A. Anterior communicating artery B. Posterior communicating artery C. Superficial temporal artery D. Leptomeningeal pathways E. Rete mirable
Intracranial potential collateral arteries include all but the following: (C) Superficial temporal artery. The superficial temporal artery is not an intracranial vessel. Leptomeningeal collaterals and the rete mirable (wonderful net) are potential collateral pathways of lesser importance than the circle of Willis arteries.
The angular artery is the terminal part of the: A. Supraorbital artery B. Infraorbital artery C. Superficial temporal artery D. Transverse facial artery E. Facial artery
The angular artery is the terminal part of the: (E) facial artery. The facial artery terminates as the angular artery.
The arterial pulsations felt in front of the ear and just above the zygomatic arch are from which artery? A. Maxillary B. Transverse facial C. Superficial temporal D. Facial E. Occiptal
The arterial pulsations felt in front of the ear and just above the zygomatic arch are from which artery? (C) The superficial temporal artery is the terminal branch off the external carotid.
The circle of Willis receives its blood supply from which combination of arteries? A. Internal and external carotid arteries B. Subclavian and vertebral arteries C. Posterior cerebral artery and basilar artery D. Carotid and vertebral arteries E. Right and left vertebral arteries
The circle of Willis receives its blood supply from which combination of arteries? (D) Carotid and vertebral arteries. The remarkable connection of the carotid and vertebral arteries illustrated below- makes possible the ability of the brain to withstand (sometimes) extracranial carotid occlusion without significant symptoms.
The common carotid artery divides into its external and internal branches ususally at the level of the upper border of the? A. Hyoid B. Cricoid C. Throid cartilage D. Cricothyroid memebrane E. Carina
The common carotid artery divides into its external and internal branches usually at the level of the upper border of the? (C) Thyroid cartilage. The external and internal carotid arteries are formed from the common carotid artery, usually at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage.
The first intracranial branch of the internal carotid artery is the: A. Superficial temporal artery B. Frontal artery C. Infraorbital artery D. Ophthalmic artery E. Middle cerebral artery
The first intracranial branch of the internal carotid artery is the: (D) Ophthalmic artery. Even though there is often a branch called the caroticotympanic artery, the ophthalmic artery is regarded as the first major branch of the internal carotid artery. It is central to indirect physiological testing.
The first intracranial branch of the internal carotid artery is the: A. Superficial temporal artery B. Frontal artery C. Infraorbital artery D. Ophthalmic artery E. Middle cerebral artery
The first intracranial branch of the internal carotid artery is the: (D) Ophthalmic artery. Even though there is often a branch called the caroticotympanic artery, the ophthalmic artery is regarded as the first major branch of the internal carotid artery. it is central to indirect physiological testing.
The first major arterial branch of the aorta is the? A. Right common carotid B. Left common carotid artery C. Right subclavian artery D. The innominate artery E. The left subclavian artery
The first major arterial branch of the aorta is (D) the innominate artery. Also called the brachocephalic trunk is the first of the three great vessels to arise from the aorta.
The infraorbital artery in a terminal branch of the: A. Maxillary artery B. Facial artery C. Inferior alveolar artery D. Transverse facial artery E. Superficial temporal artery
The infraorbital artery in a terminal branch of the: (A) The infraorbital artery is a terminal branch of the maxillary artery. It creates one of the potential anastomoses with orbital branches that can provide collateral pathways in the event of carotid obstruction.
The prominence of the larynx is formed by the: A. Hyoid bone B. Thyroid cartilage C. Cricoid cartilage D. Thyroid gland E. Greater cornu
The prominence of the larynx is formed by the: (B) Thyroid cartilage. The thyroid cartilage forms a prominence that is especially visible in tall, thin , socially awkward males.
The three terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery are the: A. Superficial, facial, and frontal arteries B. Nasal, frontal, and supraorbital arteries C. Basilar, anterior communicating, and posterior communicating arteries D. Vertebral, facial and nasal arteries E. Nasal, frontal, and facial arteries
The three terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery are the: (B) Nasal, frontal and supraorital arteries. These branches are assessed in the periorbital doppler examination for carotid artery disease. Questions about periorbital doppler assessment are no longer included on the ARDMS exam
What artery is usually the first branch of the external carotid artery? A. Inferior thyroid artery B. Superior thyroid artery C. Supraclavicular artery D. Facial artery E. Posterior auricular artery
What artery is usually the first branch of the external carotid artery? (B) Superior thyroid artery
The two arteries creating the bidirectional signal observed 60 to 65 mm deep during trans-cranial insonation of the temporal window are the: A. Posterior cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries B. Right and left vertebralarteries C. Middle cerebral and posterior cerebral arteries D. Middle cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries E. Right (or left) vertebral and right (or left) posterior inferior cerebral arteries
The two arteries creating the bidirectional signal observed 60 to 65 mm deep during trans-cranial insonation of the temporal window are the: (D) Middle cerebral and posterior cerebral arteries. At the depth of approx 60 mm, the internal carotid artery at its distal limit bifurcates into the middle cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries. Flow in the MCA is toward the doppler beam, while flow in the ACA is away from the bream. The TCD sample volume is fairly large so both arteries appear on the spectral display, above and below the baseline and the question specifies a bidirectional waveform. The MCA/ACA bifurcation waveform is a common reference point that helps the practitioner f blind TCD to be sure of orientation and identification.
The vertebral artery usually arises from the: A. Subclavian artery B. Thyrocervical trunk C. Cosocervical trunk D. Superior thyroid artery E. Dorsal scapular artery
The vertebral artery usually arises from the: (A) Subclavian artery. The vertebral artery arise from the dorsosuperior aspect of the ascending (first) portion of the sbclavian artery. A not-uncommon variant is the vertebral artery arising directly from the aortic arch.
Two of the major branches of the external carotid arteries include the: A. Supraorbital and frontal arteries B. Internal maxillary and ophthalmic arteries C. Superficial temporal and facial arteries D. Vertebral and internal axillary arteries E. Supraorbital and middle cerebral arteries
Two of the major branches of the external carotid arteries include the: (C) Superficial temporal and facial arteries. The supraorbital, frontal, and ophthalmic arteries are all fed by the internal carotid. The vertebral artery is part of the posterior circulation.