WB 22
Tarsiiformes
When classified as haplorrhines, tarsiers belong to this sister group to the Simiiformes the Simiiformes
C
Which of the following about tarsier vision is not correct? A. the two eyes account for ten-percent of the animal ʼ s weight. B. tarsiers have trichromatic vision. C. tarsiers have excellent stereoscopic vision. D. the cone are concentrated in the fovea centralis. E. a tapetum lucidum is part of their highly adapted nocturnal vision
A
Which of the following is not a prosimian trait found in Tarsius ? A. fovea in the retina B. chromosome numbers. C. mandibular symphysis. D. multiple mammae E. grooming claw.
E
Which of the following is not a trait always found in simiiforms? A. nails on all digits B. fused mandible. C. two vertical incisors per quadrant. D. there are always canine teeth. E. grooming claw
D
Which of the following is not an anthropoid trait found in Tarsius ? A. lacks tapetum lucidum. B. retinal fovea. C. closed orbits. D. unfused mandible. E. dry nose
E
Which of the following is a haplorhine trait compared to the strepsirhines? A. de-emphasis on olfaction B. greater prehensibility of digits. C. color vision. D. eyes face fully forward. E. monochromatic vision.
grooming claw
a prosimian trait found in tarsiers
Tarsier
A small primate of SE Asia that is descended from an ancient primate group of the Eocene
islands of Southeast Asia
geographic location of living tarsiers
Saltation
hen on the ground, tarsiers resort to this type of locomotion
Simiiformes
monkeys and apes
nares
Position of these distinguishes Platyrrhines from Catarrhine
ten
tarsier may eat this percentage of its weight every day
Parvorder
the Platyrrhini are at this taxonomic level
179
the tarsier neck is capable of rotation to the degree
tarsier
this primate caused a problem for taxonomists because it had traits of both prosimians and anthropoids
Crepuscular, nocturnal
Depending on the species and the ecological conditions, tarsiers have either a _______________________ or ___________________ activity cycle
Simiiformes
In the past it was believed that the Platyrrhini were descended from an Eocene prosimian from North America. Recent biochemical evidence indicates that the _____________________ are a monophyletic clade descended from a common ancestor from Africa
Strepsirhini
Replaces Prosimii as a cladistic division of the primates
Precocial
Said of a young that is born furred and capable of moving on its own
T
T F Each eye of a tarsier weighs more than the brain. The two eyes together account for one-third of the animal ʼ s body weight
F
T F Tarsiers eat mainly fruit, but it is notably, considering its small size, that it also consumes leaves for protein supplement
T
T F The tibia and fibula of the lower leg is 40% fused in the tarsier. This T ARSIERS - 7 enhances their leaping abilities.
needle-like
Tarsier incisors have been described as _____________ - _________ . They use these teeth when they leap on a prey animal, pin it down, close their eyes, and bite it.
VCL
Tarsier locomotion in the shrub layer of the forest
species; ecological
Tarsier social organization varies by _______________ and _____________________ setting. On Sulawesi the spectral tarsier lives in monogamous families. In the Philippines the tarsiers are either monogamous or polygynous. Horsfield ʼ s tarsier on Borneo is noyau and lives in neighborhoods. Behavior and calls also are variable
Haplorhini
Tarsiers are a member of this Infraorder
Tarsiidae
Tarsiers belong to the family ___________________
E
Tarsiers have an adaptation in the foot that enables them to saltate while retaining the prehensility of the primate foot, namely the elongation of the tarsus. Which bone has been elongated? A. metatarsal V. B. navicular. C. talus D. calcaneus. E. both B and D
Haplorrhini; Strepsirrhini
Tarsiers have anatomical traits in common with both anthropoids and prosimians. Taxonomically, this was a problem. The solution in the 1970s was to move them from the Prosimii to a new suborder (some say infraorder) that was unifying by the possession of a dry-nose. This new suborder is called the _______________________ . The Prosimii have been replaced by the ___________________________ , the wet nose primates
Cones
The retina of tarsiers lack this type of photoreceptor
Incisors
There are two of these per jaw quadrant in a tarsier
Metatarsals
These bones have not been elongated in tarsiers enabling them to retain a primate grip with their foot
Calls
These help delineate tarsier territories by both males and females
Pinnae
These structures are large, lightly furred, membranous, and constantly moving in a tarsier
eye
This organ in a tarsier weighs slightly more than the entire brain
neck
This region is short as part of the tarsier's locomotor adaptation, but it also is capable of swiveling almost 180 degree
thumb
This structure is not opposable in a tarsier
Tarsals
Two of these bones have elongated in the tarsier foot
trichromatic
Vision that has three different types of cones capable of detecting three different wavelengths of light
short
an adaptation of the neck for saltation
postorbital closure
an anthropoid trait found in tarsiers
Fovea
pit densely supplied with cones except in tarsiers and owl monkeys
Tarsiiformes
sister taxa of the Simiiformes
