Week 2 Patho Quiz

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Which is not considered to be a risk factor for thrombus formation?

Thrombocytopenia

The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is

erythropoietin administration.

Red blood cells obtain nearly all their energy from metabolism of

glucose

When a patient is struck in the eye by a baseball, the result is redness and swelling. This increase in blood flow to a localized area is called

hyperemia

Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of

intrinsic factor

A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is

Bence Jones proteins in the urine

A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is

Bence Jones proteins in the urine.

Which form of leukemia demonstrates the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome?

CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)

Which is not a manifestation of acute arterial obstruction?

Purpura

What is the effect on resistance if the radius of a vessel is halved?

Resistance increases by a factor of 16

Which disorder is associated with a type III hypersensitivity mechanism of injury?

Systemic lupus erythematosus

A patient is diagnosed with a tortuous blood vessel of the right hand that bleeds spontaneously. This patient presents with

Telangiectasia

The only known curative treatment for CML is allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from a suitable donor.

True

Two of the most serious oncology emergencies associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma are obstruction of the superior vena cava and compression of the spinal cord.

True

A commonly ingested substance associated with prolongation of the bleeding time is

aspirin.

The Philadelphia chromosome is a balanced chromosome translocation that forms a new gene called

bcr-abl.

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as

bicarbonate ion.

Excessive red cell lysis can be detected by measuring the serum

bilirubin.

A cause of thrombocytopenia includes

chemotherapy

When systemic vascular resistance is decreased, blood flow

decreases

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome is an example of a(n)

deficient immune response

Patients with immunodeficiency disorders are usually first identified because they

develop recurrent infections

patients with immunodeficiency disorders are usually first identified because they

develop recurrent infections.

An important mediator of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is

histamine.

Myasthenia gravis is a type II hypersensitivity disorder that involves

impaired muscle function

The major cause of death from leukemic disease is

infection

Thalassemia may be confused with iron-deficiency anemia, because they are both

microcytic

Renal insufficiency is a common complication of which disease?

myeloma

The strength of the bond between oxygen and hemoglobin is known as the

oxygen-hemoglobin affinity

The megakaryocyte is a precursor to

platelets

The relationship of blood flow (Q), resistance (R), and pressure (P) in a vessel can be expressed by which equation?

Q = P/R

while in the hospital for management of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), a patient develops severe thrombocytopenia. The most appropriate action for this condition is

activity restriction

Blood flow throughout the periphery is regulated by

autonomic nervous system

The final step in clot formation is

clot retraction.

RhoGAM (an Rh antibody) would be appropriate in an Rh-_____ woman with an _____ Rh-_____ antibody titer carrying an Rh-_____ fetus.

negative; negative; positive

A newborn has melena, bleeding from the umbilicus, and hematuria. The newborn most likely experiencing

vitamin K deficiency bleeding.

The principle Ig mediator of type I hypersensitivity reactions is

IgE

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) are characteristic of which type of anemia?

Iron deficiency

Dysfunction of which organ would lead to clotting factor deficiency?

Liver

Renal insufficiency is a common complication of which disease?

Myeloma

The arterial oxygen content (CaO2) for a patient with PaO2 100 mm Hg, SaO2 95%, and hemoglobin 15 g/dL is _____ mL oxygen/dL.

19.4

The arterial oxygen content (CaO2) for a patient with PaO2 100 mm Hg, SaO2 95%, and hemoglobin 15 g/dL is _____ mL oxygen/dL.

19.4 A hemoglobin level of 15 divided by 100 equals 0.15. Multiply by 1.34 mL and then multiply by saturation on 95%. The result is 19.1% oxyhemoglobin. Then add 0.3% volume dissolved in plasma to get the total content of oxygen/dL. The arterial blood oxygen content is the amount of oxygen carried in the arterial blood.

A patient presents to the physician's office with pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin. The patient is most likely between the ages of _____ years.

4 and 7

A 5-year-old patient's parents report loss of appetite and fatigue in their child. The parents also state that the child refuses to walk as a result of pain. The child's most likely diagnosis is

ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)

In general, the best prognosis for long-term disease-free survival occurs with

ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)

Which type of leukemia primarily affects children?

ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)

In general, the best prognosis for long-term disease-free survival occurs with

ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia).

Which clinical finding is indicative of compartment syndrome?

Absent peripheral pulses

Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which

Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which

Burkitt lymphoma is most closely associated with

Epstein-Barr virus.

Vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before 1 year of age in patients with sickle cell anemia.

False Vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before 2 years of age in patients with sickle cell anemia and booster vaccinations given 3 to 5 years later.

Which disorder is considered a primary immunodeficiency disease?

HIV/AIDS

Certain autoimmune diseases are associated with the presence of specific proteins on a person's cells. These proteins are called ________ proteins.

HLA or MHC

Blood flow throughout the periphery is regulated by

the autonomic nervous system.

What is the correct definition of complete remission (CR) of leukemia?

CR is less than 5% blasts in marrow and normal CBC values.

Which group of clinical findings describes the typical presentation of ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)?

Pain in long bones, infection, fever, bruising

What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia?

Pancytopenia

Widespread activation of the clotting cascade secondary to massive trauma is called

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

A laboratory test finding helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia is

elevated total iron-binding capacity

The prothrombin time (PT) and INR (international normalized ratio) measure the integrity of

extrinsic pathway

The prothrombin time (PT) and INR (international normalized ratio) measure the integrity of

extrinsic pathway.

Treatment for hemophilia A includes

factor IX replacement.

Treatment for hemophilia A includes

factor VIII replacement.

The conversion of plasminogen to plasmin results in

fibrinolysis

Patients who experience anemic episodes when exposed to certain drugs most likely have

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

The patient is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). As part of treatment, the patient must undergo several weeks of chemotherapy. The most serious complication of chemotherapy is

infection.

Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body, because they

have no cytoplasmic organelles.

Blood flow is slow through capillaries because capillaries

have the largest total cross-sectional area.

A 3-year-old boy who exhibits prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a prolonged aPTT, but a normal platelet count, is likely to be diagnosed with

hemophilia

What is necessary for red blood cell production?

iron

Which characteristic is indicative of hemolytic anemia?

jaundice

The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the

kidney

The most appropriate treatment for secondary polycythemia is

measured to improve oxygenation

A 58-year-old woman is seen in the clinic for reports of severe back pain. Her chest x-ray demonstrates generalized bone demineralization and compression fracture. Blood studies demonstrate elevated calcium levels. The most likely diagnosis is

myeloma

Which causes vasoconstriction?

norepinephrine

The goal of long term heparin for the management of a deep vein thrombosis is to

prevent further clot formation

A serious complication of deep vein thrombosis is

pulmonary embolus.

Transfusion reactions involve RBC destruction caused by Group of answer choices

recipient antibodies

The movement of blood through the vascular system is opposed by the force of

resistance

The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is

selective IgA.

An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with

shift to the left.

Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which

stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.

Which vessel normally demonstrates the most rapid blood flow?

the vena cava

Which is not considered to be a risk factor for thrombus formation?

thrombocytopenia

Activation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by

tissue thromboplastin

Activation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by

tissue thromboplastin.

Tissues are able to auto-regulate their rate of blood flow by controlling

vascular resistance.

Which vessel normally demonstrates the most rapid blood flow?

vena cava


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