Western Civ II Final

Which of the following prevented English monarchs, such as Queen Elizabeth I, from establishing an absolutist regime? a.) English monarchs were legally required to obtain the consent of Parliament in order to raise funds. b.) English monarchs never wanted to centralize their authority. c.) England was composed of several independent duchies, which refused to allow the monarch to have absolute power. d.) England was religiously unified, removing an issue that allowed monarchs to discredit their opponents.

Correct Answer: A.) English monarchs were legally required to obtain the consent of Parliament in order to raise funds.

What role did Europeans play in the 17th- and 18th-century slave trade in Africa? a.) Europeans remained in coastal enclaves, depending on indigenous political and trading networks to bring slaves to them. b.) Europeans relied on the Muslim slave trade in North and East Africa to bring slaves from the interior. c.) Europeans sent armies armed with firearms to invade the African interior, seizing prisoners as slaves. d.) Europeans introduced the idea of slavery to Africa for the first time, ending centuries of peaceful agriculture and hunting.

Correct Answer: A.) Europeans remained in coastal enclaves, depending on indigenous political and trading networks to bring slaves to them.

What led European countries other than Spain and Portugal to turn to cultivation in order to extract wealth from their American colonies? a.) Other European countries saw the negative impact of mineral wealth on Spain and so rejected it as a source of income. b.) Little mineral wealth was found in the English, French, or Dutch colonies. c.) The Dutch did not have the right technology to transport heavy cargoes across the open ocean, so they turned to farming. d.) The English had a strong tradition of agriculture and few commercial connections.

Correct Answer: B.) Little mineral wealth was found in the English, French, or Dutch colonies.

Which of the following strategies contributed to the early success of the Qing dynasty? a.) They lightened taxes on the peasants and increased taxes on the gentry. b.) They promoted intermarriage between Manchus and the Han. c.) They presented themselves as upholders of familial values and traditional Chinese culture. d.) They retracted the Ming canton system.

Correct Answer: C.) They presented themselves as upholders of familial values and traditional Chinese culture.

Which of the following factors made the Safavid Empire the most unstable of the large Muslim states? a.) Invasion by the Portuguese and Dutch b.) The influence of Europeans and Indians at the Safavid court c.) Weak rulers and internal divisions d.) Loss of trade revenue and land to the Mughals

Correct Answer: C.) Weak rulers and internal divisions

Which of the following accurately describes the role of silver in early 17th-century China? a.) The Dutch, English, and Spanish cooperated with one another to ensure China received a steady supply of New World silver. b.) The quantity of Japanese silver specie shipped to China rose steadily throughout the period. c.) The primacy of silver made peasants' lives easier. d.) China increasingly relied on the global trading system for silver, making the Chinese economy vulnerable to dislocation.

Correct Answer: D.) China increasingly relied on the global trading system for silver, making the Chinese economy vulnerable to dislocation.

The Ming Dynasty's administrative and economic difficulties were evidenced by: a.) decreased support for foreign trade. b.) decreased revenues caused by increasing monetization. c.) failure to maintain a bureaucracy. d.) failure to respond effectively to natural disasters.

Correct Answer: D.) failure to respond effectively to natural disasters.

Which of the following describes events in the Kongo kingdom in the 17th century? a.) Kidnapping became so prevalent that cultivators worked their fields bearing weapons, leaving their children behind in guarded stockades. b.) The Portuguese decisively defeated Queen Nzinga, opening the country to Portuguese control. c.) Members of the Kongo royal family united to oppose the Europeans. d.) The Kongo kingdom conquered the Asante and traded captured prisoners as slaves.

Correct Answer: A.) Kidnapping became so prevalent that cultivators worked their fields bearing weapons, leaving their children behind in guarded stockades.

Which of the following accurately describes labor on Caribbean sugar plantations? a.) Slaves often dropped dead from exhaustion, working up to sixteen-hour days. b.) Family groups provided stability for Caribbean slave populations. c.) Indentured Europeans and convicts provided the bulk of plantation labor. d.) Plantation managers, in order to have a healthy and productive workforce, provided their slaves with an adequate diet.

Correct Answer: A.) Slaves often dropped dead from exhaustion, working up to sixteen-hour days.

How did the Asante kingdom use its access to gold to begin its growth and development? a.) The Asante used their gold to buy firearms, which they used to raid neighboring communities for captives to be sold as slaves. b.) The Asante used their gold to trade across the Saharan caravan routes for salt, which was a necessity of life in the rain forest. c.) The Asante used gold to finance scholarly and architectural centers like Timbuktu. d.) The Asante used gold to bribe the Europeans to keep them from capturing Asante people as slaves.

Correct Answer: A.) The Asante used their gold to buy firearms, which they used to raid neighboring communities for captives to be sold as slaves.

For what reason did the Tokugawa shoguns expel all foreign traders except for the Dutch? a.) The Dutch would not undercut the Japanese economy by importing silver. b.) The Dutch did not proselytize. c.) The Japanese feared that British technology would destabilize Japan. d.) The Japanese did not have the capacity to collect taxes from dispersed trading companies.

Correct Answer: B.) The Dutch did not proselytize.

Which of the following was the most common way that African slaves in the Americas resisted the conditions of their enslavement? a.) Slaves tried to increase their productivity, so that their masters would free them as a reward. b.) Thousands of slaves fled to the remote interiors of Brazil or the Caribbean islands. c.) They formed committees to petition the government for better conditions. d.) Hundreds of violent slave revolts broke out across the Caribbean.

Correct Answer: B.) Thousands of slaves fled to the remote interiors of Brazil or the Caribbean islands.

In general, the slave trade helped shift wealth toward which African social group? a.) Village elders b.) Warrior elites c.) Subsistence farmers d.) Religious leaders

Correct Answer: B.) Warrior elites

Which of the following was a long-term effect of the Atlantic trade on Africa? a.) On top of the population lost to the slave trade, diseases from the Americas decimated the African people. b.) Traditional holders of power, such as village elders and women, became even more powerful. c.) American food crops produced more calories per acre than traditional African staples, which partially offset the population loss of the slave trade. d.) Power struggles between warrior elites decreased as they united to fight the Europeans.

Correct Answer: C.) American food crops produced more calories per acre than traditional African staples, which partially offset the population loss of the slave trade.

How did European seaborne commerce in Asia compare with its commerce in the Americas? a.) In Asia, European merchants found populations more eager for European goods. b.) In Asia, European merchants were much more successful in spreading Christianity. c.) In Asia, European merchants struggled to conquer empires or control large territories. d.) In Asia, European merchants from different nation-states did not compete with each other for access to markets.

Correct Answer: C.) In Asia, European merchants struggled to conquer empires or control large territories.