Western Civilization II: Chapter 17
Diderot's most famous contribution to the Enlightenment's battle against religious fanaticism, intolerance, and prudery was his
Encyclopedia
provided inspiration for the Enlightenment by arguing that through rational reasoning & the acquisition of knowledge, one could discover natural laws governing all aspects of human society
Isaac Newton & John Locke
Who said that individuals "will forced to be free"?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
produced religious music as a way to worship God
Johann Sebastian Bach
provided a forum for discussing the ideas of the philosophies
Salons
The belief in natural laws underlying all areas of human life led to the
Social Sciences
The German philosopher Immanuel Kant proclaimed the motto of the Enlightenment to be
"Dare to Know"
wrote the Encyclopedia
Diderot
was a period of intense sexual activity and gross excesses
The Carnival of the Mediterranean world
The best statement of laissez-faire was made in 1776 by
Adam Smith
The Jews of 18th century Europe were most free in participating in
Banking & commercial activities
Above all, Montesquieu's "The Spirit of the Laws" was concerned with maintaining a balance among the various
Branches of Government
based on a Newtonian world-machine with God as it's mechanic, designing the universe in accord with rational law
Deism
A cheap and popular alcoholic drink in 18th century England
Gin
His philosophy contributed to the development of Enlightenment ideas by arguing that a person's character was shaped by environment not innate ideas
John Locke
18th century composer was considered most innovative and wrote the opera, "The Marriage of Figaro"
Mozart
18th century writers used this new form of literacy expression to attack the hypocrisies of the era and provide sentimental entertainment to growing numbers of readers
Novels
A major inspiration for travel literature in the eighteenth century was
Pacific Ocean adventures of James Cook
The recognized capital of the Enlightenment
Paris
for Rousseau, what was the source of inequality and the chief cause of crimes
Private Property
The punishment of crime in the 18th century was often
Public & gruesome
High culture in 18th century Europe was characterized by the enormous impact of the
Publishing Industry
Voltaire was best known for his criticism of
Religious intolerance
