World History Study Guide 7-7
What were Muslims also called?
Moors
What is Schism?
Great divide, within the Christian world.
What was a tithe?
1/10 of the Christians income.
How long did the Byzantine Empire last?
1000 years after Roman Empire
Justinian built what church in his plan to beautify Constantinople?
Hagia Sofia
What did merchants in Constantinople buy?
Chinese silks, Byzantine gold, jewelry, and Asian spices. Were shipped to Vince.
What was the most severe punishment?
Excommunication
How long did this feudal contract call for military service?
40 days
What was the Inquisitor?
A church set up to try people accused of heresy.
Summarize Justinian's Code.
A commission to collect, revise, and organize all the laws of ancient Rome.
Whats a Charter?
A king would give them a place to stay and they would pay a fee.
What is a manor?
A lord's estate, usually surrounding villages. It was self sufficient.
Who organized the monastery Monte Casino?
A monk named Benedict.
What was Secular?
A nonreligious affair.
What is a Journeyman?
A salaried worker.
What were the Crusades?
A series of wars in which Christians battled Muslims for control of land in the Middle East.
At what age does a child become an apprentice?
Age 7 or 8.
Who set out to reform the church?
Albert Berno
What is a Fief?
An estate granted to vassals by the lords.
Where did traders meet up?
At fairs near navigable rivers or near trade routes.
What was Papal Supremacy?
Authority overall secular rulers.
The Frankish King who was crowned emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III?
Charlemagne
What was Judeo?
Christian teachings- importance of social responsibility, or the idea of helping those in need.
What was Usury?
Christians were not allowed to be money lenders.
Named new capitol of Roman Empire.
Constantinople
What was Germanic life like?
Farmers and herders. Lived in small communities and had no written law.
Who married in order to unify and create Spain?
Ferdinand of Argon and Isabella of Castile.
Who set up an order of Friars?
Francis of Assis
How long did Justinian rule?
From 527 to 565.
How did the culture of the Germanic tribes differ from that of the Romans?
Germanic peoples lived in small communities governed by unwritten customs.
What religions were slowly blending in Medieval Civilization?
Greek, Roman, Germanic, and Christian traditions.
Who made King Clovis convert to Christianity?
His wife Clothilde.
What were the effects of the Crusades?
Increased levels of trade. Helped to increase the power of monarchs. Created a curiosity for the rest of the world.
Some new farming technology
Iron plows instead of wooden. New harness for horses. New crop rotation.
What was the Canon Law?
It applied to religious teachings, clergy, marriage, and morals.
What was the First Crusade?
It freed Jerusalem from Muslim rule and established string of European ruled Crusader states.
What was the Code of Chivalry?
It means to be brave, loyal and true to their word.
What elements of Constantinople's location helped it flourish as the capital of the Byzantine empire?
Its location on a strait between seas and on key trade routes.
Who was the king of the Franks and what did he do?
King Clovis conquered Gaul and converted to Christianity.
Explain what Feudalism is.
Lords gave land to vassals or "lesser lords" in exchange for pledges of loyalty. This contract was called a feudal contract.
Where is the Reconquista occur?
Mainly in Spain.
What did traders form?
Merchant companies that traveled in armed caravans.
Who developed the Middle Class?
Merchants, traders, and artisans.
What were Friars?
Monks that traveled and preached to the poor.
Who overran parts of Palestine, North Africa, and Spain?
Muslims
With the great General Belisarius who was conquered?
North Africa, Spain, and Italy.
What were the 3 vows?
Obedience to abbot or abbess, Poverty, and Charity.
What is a Tenant Farmer?
Paid rent for their land.
Roman Catholic Church
Papal Supremacy; Incorporating new philosophical influences into theology.
What was Selling of Indulgences?
Pay to go straight to heaven
What is a Troubadours?
Poets who praised perfection, beauty and wit of women.
What Pope sent Augustine to Christianize the Anglo Saxons in Britain?
Pope Gregory
What is Anti-Semitism?
Prejudice against Jews, Christian church is divided.
What does Reconquista mean?
Reconquest
What was Simony?
Selling positions in the church.
Who was Eleanor of Aquitaine?
She inherited land in South France. She later became Queen of France and then England.
Who emerged as the strongest kingdom in the 400 to 700s?
The Franks
What was in the center of the city in the 200's for chariot races?
The Hippodrome
After the fall of Rome was called..
The Middle Ages
What halted the Muslim's advance into Western Europe?
The battle of Tours.
Who was Justinian's wife?
Theodora
What did the Muslims influence?
They helped shape the arts and literature of Christian Spain.
What did Christians believe would happen if they had all the sacraments?
They would achieve salvation.
What was the first goal of the church?
To Christianize the people of western Europe.
Eastern Orthodox Church
Use of icons to celebrate and preach the Gospel; Adherence to traditional interpretations of theology.
Whats a Craft Guild?
Weavers, bakers or goldsmiths.
How did the collapse of the western Roman Empire affect Western Europe?
Western Europe fall into disorder as invaders swept in.
