World history- The Persian War

Greek runner who yelled "Rejoice, we conquer!" Then, he died.

Pheidippides

Describe the battle of Salamis

Athenian general Themistocles evacuated Athenian women and children and sent the men to the navy which is the best and most powerful. Sparta had a better army athens had a better navy. After Persians won in Thermopylae they headed starlight for athens. When they found athens abandoned they burned it. Themistocles tricked xerxes into thinking the Athenian navy retreated so the Persian navy pursued them in a small skinny strip of sea near the island of salamis. Persians had bigger hard to maneuver ships, but athens had small easy to maneuver ships with battering rams. The Persians kept getting trapped so athens smashed their ships into the Persians. Xerxes was watching from a cliff and saw his navy get destroyed so he retreated.

Who won the battle of Salamis

Athenian navy

Greek city-state which created the Delian League

Athens

Who won the Battle of Marathon?

Athens

Who won the battle of Plataea

Athens

Who fought in the Battle of Marathon?

Athens and Persia

King of Persia who declared war on athens and started the Persian wars

Darius (Papa Persia)

Describe the battle of Thermopylae

Darius died and his son Xerxes swore to have revenge on the rest of Greece especially Athens. Spent 10 years preparing an army and then had the battle of Thermopylae. Athens and Sparta were United for this battle. Leonidas, spartan leader, had 300 warriors to defend the entrance in the north from where the Persians would come from, Thermopylae. They stalked the massive army and were hero's even though they lost. Everyone of his men died. They sacrificed themselves and staled for the good of the rest of Greece. Between Sparta and Persia and Persia won

Group of Greek city-states created to protect themselves from Persia

Delian League

Describe the battle of Marathon (first Persian war)

First battle, Darius sent troops and navy across sea to Athens (landed in Marathon). Spartans actually didn't help and Athens won it by themselves. They had Hoplites and the phalanx battle formation. The Persians had no experience against this so quickly lost and had thin armor. So the Persians tried to race back to Athens because they knew all of their soldiers would be gone at the battle. They wanted to tell Athenian people the Persians won and make them surrender the city. But Athens had an incredible runner, Pheidippides who ran 26 miles back to warn Athens. When he got to Athens he said rejoice we conquer and dropped dead. Because of the notice they were able to fight the Persian invaders rather than surrender. Darius returned to Persia embarrassed. Between athens and Persia and athens won.

Greek citizen soldiers

Hoplites

Describe the battle of Plataea

It was the final battle and between Persians and athens (athens wins). Athens basically just won and the Persian empire never invaded Greece again.

Spartan leader of the brave 300

Leonidas

List the battles of the Persian war we learned about

Marathon, Thermopylae, Salamis, Plataea

Who fought in the battle of salamis

Persian navy vs Athenian navy

Who won the battle of Thermopylae

Persians

Who fought in the battle of Plataea

Persians vs Athens

Fighting formation that helped Greece win the Battle of Marathon

Phalanx

Greek city-state with the strongest military

Sparta

Who fought in the Battle of Thermopylae?

Sparta and Persia

Why did the Persian wars start

The Persians had conquered everywhere like the Fertile Crescent and Asia Minor. Several Ionian Greek city states revolted against them and asked Greece people on the mainland for help. Athens decided to help and Darius got mad and declared war on Athens. He wanted to conquer athens first then the other city states like Sparta

Greek general from Athens who commanded the navy at Salamis

Themistocles

King of Persia who fought Leonidas at the Battle of Thermopylae.

Xerxes

Aftermath of the Persian wars

the greeks won and the persians retreated. Athens and Sparta started to clash which leads to a war. But Athens creates the Delian league. Athens and Sparta wanted glory for themselves. Athens got a lot of money and rebuilt city and strength navy. Athens took charge because Sparta was weak after the war.